Educational Archaelogical method

El siguiente trabajo expondrá un Método denominado Arqueológico Educativo, que nuestro grupo de Estudios Filosóficos viene desarrollando en los últimos años. Para esto, realizaremos una exposición que recorre nuestras fuentes conceptuales conformadas por autores como Heidegger, Foucault, Deleuze y Guattari, y también pensadores vinculados a la Práctica de la Filosofía con niños específicamente. Nuestro propósito es presentar la construcción de una Práctica Educativa Filosófica como aquella que apuesta a abordar los saberes escolares tradicionales –de los Programas de los Ministerios de Educación en la Argentinadeconstruyendo, desmontando, descomponiendo sus áreas curriculares a partir de las propuestas de los autores mencionados y de la Metodología del Programa de Filosofía Infantil, proyectado por Lipman, complejizado y problematizado por diversos pensadores, como también agenciado por una apropiación que nuestra Institución Educativa se permitió realizar. Así, anhelamos que la Práctica Filosófica ingrese en el Sistema Educativo para repensar y conmocionar sus cimientos.The following paper will explain a Method called Educational Archeology. That one has been developed by our Philosophical Group in recent years. In order to accomplish this, we will make an exposition that goes through our conceptual sources conformed by authors like Heidegger, Foucault, Deleuze and Guattari, and also thinkers linked to the Practice of Philosophy with children specifically. Our purpose is to present the construction of a Philosophical Educational Practice as one that aims to approach traditional school knowledge -of the Programs of the Ministries of Education in Argentina- by deconstructing, decomposing their curricular areas based on the proposals of the authors mentioned and the Methodology of the Children's Philosophy Program, projected by Lipman, complex and problematized by different thinkers, as well as agency by an appropriation that our Educational Institution was allowedto perform. Thus, we hope that Philosophical Practice enters the Educational System to rethink and shake up its foundations

Infant Educational archaeological method: "We do not know. We do not want to know”

En el presente trabajo expondremos un recorrido conceptual por el Método Arqueológico Educativo Infantil, que estamos componiendo en nuestra Escuela donde somos docentes y directivos y coordinadores del espacio de Filosofía Infantil, haciendo hincapié en las problemáticas de la educación filosófica, la ciudadanía y la infancia. Para ello, asimismo, daremos cuenta de los conceptos que nos sustentan en nuestro trabajo: los trabajos de G. Agamben, G. Deleuze, W. Kohan, J. Larrosa, entre otros. Nuestra exposición estará dividida en tres apartados, el primero “Método arqueológico educativo infantil: ¿educación filosófica?”; el segundo, “Infancia: ¿escuela filosófica?”; y el tercero y último "¿Ciudadanías infantiles? ¿Infancias ciudadanas?"In the present work we will present a conceptual tour through the Infant Educational Archaeological Method, which we are composing in our School where we are teachers and managers and coordinators of the Children's Philosophy space, emphasizing the problems of philosophical education, citizenship and childhood. For this, also, we will give an account of the concepts that sustain us in our work: the works of G. Agamben, G. Deleuze, W. Kohan, J. Larrosa, among others. Our exhibition will be divided into three sections, the first "Infant Educational Archaeological method: philosophical education?"; the second, "Childhood: philosophical school?"; and the third and last "Citizenship for children? citizen infants?Fil: Magallanes, Romina. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Humanidades y Artes. Instituto de Estudios Críticos en Humanidades. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Estudios Críticos en Humanidades; ArgentinaFil: Helou, Laura Silvia. No especifíca;Fil: Monzón, Carolina Elizabeth. No especifíca;Fil: Russo, Jorgelina. No especifíca

Método arqueológico educativo infantil: "No lo sabemos. No lo queremos saber"

In the present work we will present a conceptual tour through the Infant Educational Archaeological Method, which we are composing in our School where we are teachers and managers and coordinators of the Children's Philosophy space, emphasizing the problems of philosophical education, citizenship and childhood. For this, also, we will give an account of the concepts that sustain us in our work: the works of G. Agamben, G. Deleuze, W. Kohan, J. Larrosa, among others. Our exhibition will be divided into three sections, the first "Infant Educational Archaeological method: philosophical education?"; the second, "Childhood: philosophical school?"; and the third and last "Citizenship for children? citizen infants?En el presente trabajo expondremos un recorrido conceptual por el Método Arqueológico Educativo Infantil, que estamos componiendo en nuestra Escuela donde somos docentes y directivos y coordinadores del espacio de Filosofía Infantil, haciendo hincapié en las problemáticas de la educación filosófica, la ciudadanía y la infancia. Para ello, asimismo, daremos cuenta de los conceptos que nos sustentan en nuestro trabajo: los trabajos de G. Agamben, G. Deleuze, W. Kohan, J. Larrosa, entre otros. Nuestra exposición estará dividida en tres apartados, el primero "Método arqueológico educativo infantil: ¿educación filosófica?"; el segundo, "Infancia: ¿escuela filosófica?"; y el tercero y último "¿Ciudadanías infantiles? ¿Infancias ciudadanas?

What Drives the Expansion of Giant HII Regions?: A Study of Stellar Feedback in 30 Doradus

Observations show that star formation is an inefficient and slow process. This result can be attributed to the injection of energy and momentum by stars that prevents free-fall collapse of molecular clouds. The mechanism of this stellar feedback is debated theoretically: possible sources of pressure include the classical warm HII gas, the hot gas generated by shock-heating from stellar winds and supernovae, direct radiation of stars, and the dust-processed radiation field trapped inside the HII shell. In this paper, we measure observationally the pressures associated with each component listed above across the giant HII region 30 Doradus in the Large Magellanic Cloud. We exploit high-resolution, multi-wavelengh images (radio, infrared, optical, and X-ray) to map these pressures as a function of position. We find that radiation pressure dominates within 75 pc of the central star cluster, R136, while the HII gas pressure dominates at larger radii. By contrast, the dust-processed radiation pressure and hot gas pressure are generally weak and not dynamically important, although the hot gas pressure may have played a more significant role at early times. Based on the low X-ray gas pressures, we demonstrate that the hot gas is only partially confined and must be leaking out the HII shell. Additionally, we consider the implications of a dominant radiation pressure on the early dynamics of 30 Doradus.Comment: 14 pages, 17 figures; ApJ in pres

Scaling relations of metallicity, stellar mass, and star formation rate in metal-poor starbursts: I. A fundamental plane

Most galaxies follow well-defined scaling relations of metallicity (O/H), star formation rate (SFR), and stellar mass. However, low-metallicity starbursts, rare in the Local Universe but more common at high redshift, deviate significantly from these scaling relations. On the "main sequence" of star formation, these galaxies have high SFR for a given M*; and on the mass-metallicity relation, they have excess M* for their low metallicity. In this paper, we characterize O/H, M*, and SFR for these deviant "low-metallicity starbursts", selected from a sample of ~1100 galaxies, spanning almost two orders of magnitude in metal abundance, a factor of ~10^6 in SFR, and of ~10^5 in stellar mass. Our sample includes quiescent star-forming galaxies and blue compact dwarfs at redshift 0, luminous compact galaxies at redshift 0.3, and Lyman Break galaxies at redshifts 1-3.4. Applying a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to the galaxies in our sample with M*<10^{10} Msun gives a Fundamental Plane (FP) of scaling relations; SFR and stellar mass define the plane itself, and O/H its thickness. The dispersion for our sample in the edge-on view of the plane is 0.17 dex, independently of redshift and including the metal-poor starbursts. The same FP is followed by 55100 galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, with a dispersion of 0.06dex. In a companion paper, we develop multi-phase chemical evolution models that successfully predict the observed scaling relations and the FP; the deviations from the main scaling relations are caused by a different (starburst or "active") mode of star formation. These scaling relations do not truly evolve, but rather are defined by the different galaxy populations dominant at different cosmological epochs.Comment: 14 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication by MNRA

TOGGLe, a flexible framework for easily building complex workflows and performing robust large-scale NGS analyses

ABSTRACTThe advent of NGS has intensified the need for robust pipelines to perform high-performance automated analyses. The required softwares depend on the sequencing method used to produce raw data (e.g. Whole genome sequencing, Genotyping By Sequencing, RNASeq) as well as the kind of analyses to carry on (GWAS, population structure, differential expression). These tools have to be generic and scalable, and should meet the biologists needs.Here, we present the new version of TOGGLe (Toolbox for Generic NGS Analyses), a simple and highly flexible framework to easily and quickly generate pipelines for large-scale second- and third-generation sequencing analyses, including multi-sample and multi-threading support. TOGGLe is a workflow manager designed to be as effortless as possible to use for biologists, so the focus can remain on the analyses. Pipelines are easily customizable and supported analyses are reproducible and shareable. TOGGLe is designed as a generic, adaptable and fast evolutive solution, and has been tested and used in large-scale projects on various organisms. It is freely available at http://toggle.southgreen.fr/, under the GNU GPLv3/CeCill-C licenses) and can be deployed onto HPC clusters as well as on local machines

Nasopharyngeal Bacterial Colonization and Gene Polymorphisms of Mannose-Binding Lectin and Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4 in Infants

BACKGROUND: Human nasopharynx is often colonized by potentially pathogenic bacteria. Gene polymorphisms in mannose-binding lectin (MBL), toll-like receptor (TLR) 2 and TLR4 have been reported. The present study aimed to investigate possible association between nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization and gene polymorphisms of MBL, TLR2 and TLR4 in healthy infants. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: From August 2008 to June 2010, 489 nasopharyngeal swabs and 412 blood samples were taken from 3-month-old healthy Finnish infants. Semi-quantitative culture was performed and pyrosequencing was used for detection of polymorphisms in MBL structural gene at codons 52, 54, and 57, TLR2 Arg753Gln and TLR4 Asp299Gly. Fifty-nine percent of subjects were culture positive for at least one of the four species: 11% for Streptococcus pneumoniae, 23% for Moraxella catarrhalis, 1% for Haemophilus influenzae and 25% for Staphylococcus aureus. Thirty-two percent of subjects had variant types in MBL, 5% had polymorphism of TLR2, and 18% had polymorphism of TLR4. Colonization rates of S. pneumoniae and S. aureus were significantly higher in infants with variant types of MBL than those with wild type (p = .011 and p = .024). Colonization rates of S. aureus and M. catarrhalis were significantly higher in infants with polymorphisms of TLR2 and of TLR4 than those without (p = .027 and p = .002). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that there is an association between nasopharyngeal bacterial colonization and genetic variation of MBL, TLR2 and TLR4 in young infants. This finding supports a role for these genetic variations in susceptibility of children to respiratory infections

Cost impact of procalcitonin-guided decision making on duration of antibiotic therapy for suspected early-onset sepsis in neonates

Abstract Backgrounds The large, international, randomized controlled NeoPInS trial showed that procalcitonin (PCT)-guided decision making was superior to standard care in reducing the duration of antibiotic therapy and hospitalization in neonates suspected of early-onset sepsis (EOS), without increased adverse events. This study aimed to perform a cost-minimization study of the NeoPInS trial, comparing health care costs of standard care and PCT-guided decision making based on the NeoPInS algorithm, and to analyze subgroups based on country, risk category and gestational age. Methods Data from the NeoPInS trial in neonates born after 34 weeks of gestational age with suspected EOS in the first 72 h of life requiring antibiotic therapy were used. We performed a cost-minimization study of health care costs, comparing standard care to PCT-guided decision making. Results In total, 1489 neonates were included in the study, of which 754 were treated according to PCT-guided decision making and 735 received standard care. Mean health care costs of PCT-guided decision making were not significantly different from costs of standard care (€3649 vs. €3616). Considering subgroups, we found a significant reduction in health care costs of PCT-guided decision making for risk category ‘infection unlikely’ and for gestational age ≥ 37 weeks in the Netherlands, Switzerland and the Czech Republic, and for gestational age < 37 weeks in the Czech Republic. Conclusions Health care costs of PCT-guided decision making of term and late-preterm neonates with suspected EOS are not significantly different from costs of standard care. Significant cost reduction was found for risk category ‘infection unlikely,’ and is affected by both the price of PCT-testing and (prolonged) hospitalization due to SAEs

Machine learning used to compare the diagnostic accuracy of risk factors, clinical signs and biomarkers and to develop a new prediction model for neonatal early-onset sepsis

Background: Current strategies for risk stratification and prediction of neonatal early-onset sepsis (EOS) are inefficient and lack diagnostic performance. The aim of this study was to use machine learning to analyze the diagnostic accuracy of risk factors (RFs), clinical signs and biomarkers and to develop a prediction model for culture-proven EOS. We hypothesized that the contribution to diagnostic accuracy of biomarkers is higher than of RFs or clinical signs. Study Design: Secondary analysis of the prospective international multicenter NeoPInS study. Neonates born after completed 34 weeks of gestation with antibiotic therapy due to suspected EOS within the first 72 hours of life participated. Primary outcome was defined as predictive performance for culture-proven EOS with variables known at the start of antibiotic therapy. Machine learning was used in form of a random forest classifier. Results: One thousand six hundred eighty-five neonates treated for suspected infection were analyzed. Biomarkers were superior to clinical signs and RFs for prediction of culture-proven EOS. C-reactive protein and white blood cells were most important for the prediction of the culture result. Our full model achieved an area-under-the-receiver-operating-characteristic-curve of 83.41% (±8.8%) and an area-under-the-precision-recall-curve of 28.42% (±11.5%). The predictive performance of the model with RFs alone was comparable with random. Conclusions: Biomarkers have to be considered in algorithms for the management of neonates suspected of EOS. A 2-step approach with a screening tool for all neonates in combination with our model in the preselected population with an increased risk for EOS may have the potential to reduce the start of unnecessary antibiotics