Estágio nas Edições Colibri. Uma editora "familiar" de produção (quase) industrial

Relatório de Estágio apresentado para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Edição de TextoO presente relatório procura dar conta do estágio realizado entre Março e Junho de 2009, nas Edições Colibri. Pretendemos mostrar a forma de funcionamento de uma editora de livros. Neste caso, uma editora voltada, sobretudo, para a publicação de obras de cariz académico. Para ficarmos a perceber o funcionamento e orientação da referida editora observámos o tipo de publicações, o papel do editor, as colecções mais relevantes, a forma de concepção e produção do livro ou revista científica e, finalmente, abordámos as acções de promoção das obras

The effects of cannabinoids on glioblastoma growth: A systematic review with meta-analysis of animal model studies

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent and aggressive malignant brain tumour, with a poor prognosis despite available surgical and radio-chemotherapy, rising the necessity for searching alternative therapies. Several preclinical studies evaluating the efficacy of cannabinoids in animal models of GBM have been described, but the diversity of experimental conditions and of outcomes hindered definitive conclusions about cannabinoids efficacy. A search in different databases (Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus and SciELO) was conducted during June 2019 to systematically identify publications evaluating the effects of cannabinoids in murine xenografts models of GBM. The tumour volume and number of animals were extracted, and a random effects meta-analysis of these results was performed to estimate the efficacy of cannabinoids. The impact of different experimental factors and publication bias on the efficacy of cannabinoids was also assessed. Nine publications, which satisfied the inclusion criteria, were identified and subdivided in 22 studies involving 301 animals. Overall, cannabinoid therapy reduced the fold of increase in tumour volume in animal models of GBM, when compared with untreated controls. The overall weighted standardized difference in means (WSDM) for the effect of cannabinoids was -1.399 (95% CI: -1.900 to -0.898; P-value<0.0001). Furthermore, treatment efficacy was observed for different types of cannabinoids, alone or in combination, and for different treatment durations. Cannabinoid therapy was still effective after correcting for publication bias. The results indicate that cannabinoids reduce the tumour growth in animal models of GBM, even after accounting for publication bias.Operação Centro-01-0145-FEDER-000019-C4-Centro de Competências em Cloud Computinginfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Está nas mãos de quem fechar escolas do campo, das águas e da floresta? Um olhar para a realidade da Amazônia Aveirense

ABSTRACT. This investigative study aimed to describe the decision-making process for closing these schools in the views of the interviewed and analyzed subjects, within a critical perspective. The denial of educational rights suffered by rural populations in Brazil is a clear reality, especially in the municipality of Aveiro-PA. In the last 12 years, 63 rural, water and forest schools have been closed. This qualitative research had as its central theoretical support Freire (2000, 2001), Caldart (2011, 2012), Arroyo (2005, 2011), Hage (2005, 2014), Fernandes (2004, 2012) and Adorno (1995). For the gathering of information, documentary and field research were applied. In the field research, subjects who had a direct connection to the closing process of these schools were interviewed. As a result, this study identified that the decision to close rural, water and forest schools in the Amazon region of Aveiro is made vertically, without considering the impacts they cause on the lives of the population, nor what the current legislation provides.ABSTRACT. This investigative study aimed to describe the decision-making process for closing these schools in the views of the interviewed and analyzed subjects, within a critical perspective. The denial of educational rights suffered by rural populations in Brazil is a clear reality, especially in the municipality of Aveiro-PA. In the last 12 years, 63 rural, water and forest schools have been closed. This qualitative research had as its central theoretical support Freire (2000, 2001), Caldart (2011, 2012), Arroyo (2005, 2011), Hage (2005, 2014), Fernandes (2004, 2012) and Adorno (1995). For the gathering of information, documentary and field research were applied. In the field research, subjects who had a direct connection to the closing process of these schools were interviewed. As a result, this study identified that the decision to close rural, water and forest schools in the Amazon region of Aveiro is made vertically, without considering the impacts they cause on the lives of the population, nor what the current legislation provides. Keywords: Closing of rural, water and forest schools. Amazon region of Aveiro. Rural Education.RESUMEN. Este estudio de investigación tuvo como objetivo describir el proceso de toma de decisiones para el cierre de estas escuelas en la mirada de los sujetos entrevistados y analizados, dentro de una perspectiva crítica. La negación de los derechos educativos que sufren las poblaciones rurales en Brasil es una clara realidad, especialmente en el municipio de Aveiro-PA. En los últimos 12 años, se han cerrado 63 escuelas rurales, de agua y forestales. Esta investigación cualitativa tuvo como soporte teórico central a Freire (2000, 2001), Caldart (2011, 2012), Arroyo (2005, 2011), Hage (2005, 2014), Fernandes (2004, 2012), y Adorno (2011). Para la recolección de información se aplicó investigación documental y de campo. En la investigación de campo, se entrevistó a sujetos que tenían una conexión directa con el proceso de cierre de estas escuelas. Como resultado, este estudio identificó que la decisión de cerrar escuelas rurales, hídricas y forestales en la región amazónica de Aveiro se toma de manera vertical, sin tomar en cuenta los impactos que causan en la vida de los sujetos, ni lo que prevé la legislación vigente. Palabras clave: Cierre de rurales, agua y bosque. Amazonia de Aveiro. Educación RuralABSTRACT. This investigative study aimed to describe the decision-making process for closing these schools in the views of the interviewed and analyzed subjects, within a critical perspective. The denial of educational rights suffered by rural populations in Brazil is a clear reality, especially in the municipality of Aveiro-PA. In the last 12 years, 63 rural, water and forest schools have been closed. This qualitative research had as its central theoretical support Freire (2000, 2001), Caldart (2011, 2012), Arroyo (2005, 2011), Hage (2005, 2014), Fernandes (2004, 2012) and Adorno (1995). For the gathering of information, documentary and field research were applied. In the field research, subjects who had a direct connection to the closing process of these schools were interviewed. As a result, this study identified that the decision to close rural, water and forest schools in the Amazon region of Aveiro is made vertically, without considering the impacts they cause on the lives of the population, nor what the current legislation provides.Este estudo investigativo teve como objetivo principal descrever o processo decisório do fechamento dessas escolas nas visões dos sujeitos entrevistados e analisados, dentro de uma perspectiva crítica. A negação de direitos educacionais sofrida pelas populações do campo no Brasil é uma realidade evidente, sobretudo no município de Aveiro-PA. Nos últimos 12 anos, 63 escolas do campo, das águas e da floresta foram fechadas. Esta pesquisa, de natureza qualitativa, teve como aporte teórico central Freire (2000, 2001), Caldart (2011, 2012), Arroyo (2005, 2011), Hage (2005, 2014), Fernandes (2004, 2012) e Adorno (2011). Para o levantamento de informações, aplicou-se a pesquisa documental e a de campo. Na pesquisa de campo, entrevistou-se sujeitos que tiveram ligação direta ao processo de fechamento dessas escolas. Como resultado, este estudo identificou que a decisão pelo fechamento de escolas do campo, das águas e da floresta na Amazônia aveirense é feita de forma vertical, sem levar em consideração os impactos que ocasionam na vida dos sujeitos, tampouco o que dispõem as legislações vigentes. Palavras-chave: fechamento de escolas do campo, das águas e da floresta, Amazônia aveirense, educação do campo.   Is it in the hands of those closing schools in the rural, water and forest? A look at the reality of the Amazon Region of Aveiro          ABSTRACT. This investigative study aimed to describe the decision-making process for closing these schools in the views of the interviewed and analyzed subjects, within a critical perspective. The denial of educational rights suffered by rural populations in Brazil is a clear reality, especially in the municipality of Aveiro-PA. In the last 12 years, 63 rural, water and forest schools have been closed. This qualitative research had as its central theoretical support Freire (2000, 2001), Caldart (2011, 2012), Arroyo (2005, 2011), Hage (2005, 2014), Fernandes (2004, 2012) and Adorno (1995). For the gathering of information, documentary and field research were applied. In the field research, subjects who had a direct connection to the closing process of these schools were interviewed. As a result, this study identified that the decision to close rural, water and forest schools in the Amazon region of Aveiro is made vertically, without considering the impacts they cause on the lives of the population, nor what the current legislation provides. Keywords: closing of rural, water and forest schools, Amazonia from aveiro, rural education.   ¿Está en manos del cierre de escuelas en el campo, el agua y los bosques? Una mirada a la realidad de la Amazonia de Aveiro RESUMEN. Este estudio de investigación tuvo como objetivo describir el proceso de toma de decisiones para el cierre de estas escuelas en la mirada de los sujetos entrevistados y analizados, dentro de una perspectiva crítica. La negación de los derechos educativos que sufren las poblaciones rurales en Brasil es una clara realidad, especialmente en el municipio de Aveiro-PA. En los últimos 12 años, se han cerrado 63 escuelas rurales, de agua y forestales. Esta investigación cualitativa tuvo como soporte teórico central a Freire (2000, 2001), Caldart (2011, 2012), Arroyo (2005, 2011), Hage (2005, 2014), Fernandes (2004, 2012), y Adorno (2011). Para la recolección de información se aplicó investigación documental y de campo. En la investigación de campo, se entrevistó a sujetos que tenían una conexión directa con el proceso de cierre de estas escuelas. Como resultado, este estudio identificó que la decisión de cerrar escuelas rurales, hídricas y forestales en la región amazónica de Aveiro se toma de manera vertical, sin tomar en cuenta los impactos que causan en la vida de los sujetos, ni lo que prevé la legislación vigente. Palabras clave: cierre de escuelas de campo, agua y bosque, Amazonia de Aveiro, educación del campo

Evolutionary and Structural Features of the C2, V3 and C3 Envelope Regions Underlying the Differences in HIV-1 and HIV-2 Biology and Infection

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Users must also make clear the license terms under which the work was published.Background: Unlike in HIV-1 infection, the majority of HIV-2 patients produce broadly reactive neutralizing antibodies, control viral replication and survive as elite controllers. The identification of the molecular, structural and evolutionary footprints underlying these very distinct immunological and clinical outcomes may lead to the development of new strategies for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection.Methodology/Principal Findings: We performed a side-by-side molecular, evolutionary and structural comparison of the C2, V3 and C3 envelope regions from HIV-1 and HIV-2. These regions contain major antigenic targets and are important for receptor binding. In HIV-2, these regions also have immune modulatory properties. We found that these regions are significantly more variable in HIV-1 than in HIV-2. Within each virus, C3 is the most entropic region followed by either C2 (HIV-2) or V3 (HIV-1). The C3 region is well exposed in the HIV-2 envelope and is under strong diversifying selection suggesting that, like in HIV-1, it may harbour neutralizing epitopes. Notably, however, extreme diversification of C2 and C3 seems to be deleterious for HIV-2 and prevent its transmission. Computer modelling simulations showed that in HIV-2 the V3 loop is much less exposed than C2 and C3 and has a retractile conformation due to a physical interaction with both C2 and C3. The concealed and conserved nature of V3 in the HIV-2 is consistent with its lack of immunodominancy in vivo and with its role in preventing immune activation. In contrast, HIV-1 had an extended and accessible V3 loop that is consistent with its immunodominant and neutralizing nature.Conclusions/Significance: We identify significant structural and functional constrains to the diversification and evolution of C2, V3 and C3 in the HIV-2 envelope but not in HIV-1. These studies highlight fundamental differences in the biology and infection of HIV-1 and HIV-2 and in their mode of interaction with the human immune system and may inform new vaccine and therapeutic interventions against these viruses.Fundo para a Ciência e Tecnologia, Portugal. Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug Resistance Network, European Union. PB and IB supported by PhD grants from Fundo para a Ciência e Tecnologia

An ancestral HIV-2/simian immunodeficiency virus peptide with potent HIV-1 and HIV-2 fusion inhibitor activity

"Objectives: To produce new fusion inhibitor peptides for HIV-1 and HIV-2 based on ancestral envelope sequences. Methods: HIV-2/simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) ancestral transmembrane protein sequences were reconstructed and ancestral peptides were derived from the helical region 2 (HR2). The activity of one ancestral peptide (named P3) was examined against a panel of HIV-1 and HIV-2 primary isolates in TZM-bl cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and compared to T-20. Peptide secondary structure was analyzed by circular dichroism. Resistant viruses were selected and resistance mutations were identified by sequencing the env gene. Results: P3 has 34 residues and overlaps the N-terminal pocket-binding region and heptad repeat core of HR2. In contrast to T-20, P3 forms a typical a-helical structure in solution, binds strongly to the transmembrane protein, and potently inhibits both HIV-2 (mean IC50, 63.8 nmol/l) and HIV-1 (11 nmol/l) infection, including T-20-resistant isolates. The N43K mutation in the HR1 region of HIV-1 leads to 120-fold resistance to P3 indicating that the HR1 region in transmembrane glycoprotein is the target of P3. No HIV-2-resistant mutations could be selected by P3 suggesting that the genetic barrier to resistance is higher in HIV-2 than in HIV-1. HIV-1-infected patients presented significantly lower P3-specific antibody reactivity compared to T-20. Conclusion: P3 is an HIV-2/SIV ancestral peptide with low antigenicity, high stability, and potent activity against both HIV-1, including variants resistant to T-20, and HIV-2. Similar evolutionary biology strategies should be explored to enhance the production of antiviral peptide drugs, microbicides, and vaccines.

Análise comparativa do "Evaluation on Ayres Sensory Integration" versus "Sensory Integration and Praxis Test"

Dr. Ayres desenvolveu um método válido e confiável de avaliar as funções de integração sensorial - a Sensory Integration and Praxis Test. Contudo há a necessidade de um teste que seja de mais fácil acesso a terapeutas. Assim este projeto surgiu da necessidade de existir instrumentos de avaliação validados para a população infantil. Pretende-se, deste modo, verificar se existe correlação entre os testes táteis que constituem o Teste “Evaluation in Ayres Sensory Integration” (EASI) e os testes táteis que constituem a Sensory Integration and Praxis Test. O plano é recolher dados normativos de crianças entre os 3 e os 12 anos sem necessidades ou problemáticas identificadas, aplicando 3 sub- testes táteis da SIPT (Localização do estimulo táctil, grafestesia e Identificação do dedo) e 2 subtestes táteis da EASI –Perceção Tátil: Localização e Perceção Táctil: Desenho. A comparação do desempenho nos testes tácteis da EASI (PT:L e PT:D) e os testes táteis (LTS, GRA, FI) da SIPT, surge da necessidade de perceber se os testes tácteis da EASI podem ser utilizados para fornecer informação válida e confiável para avaliar funções da perceção táctil, na integração sensorial, que fundamentem a aprendizagem, comportamento e participação da criança. Este estudo poderá dar indicação se os testes da EASI, conseguem resultados tão fidedignos como os do SIPT, e podem ser usados pelos profissionais de forma a que as influências ou cultura, compreensão da linguagem e experiência prévia sejam minimizados.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An HIV-1/HIV-2 Chimeric Envelope Glycoprotein Generates Binding and Neutralising Antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2 Isolates

Funding Information: This work was funded by national funds through the FCT-Foundation for Science and Technology, I.P., under the project UIDB/04585/2020, by FCT and Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN)—Portugal Collaborative Research Network in Portuguese speaking countries in Africa, project 332821690 and by Ministry of Health, Portugal, project HIV/SAU/0008.11. Publisher Copyright: © 2023 by the authors.The development of immunogens that elicit broadly reactive neutralising antibodies (bNAbs) is the highest priority for an HIV vaccine. We have shown that a prime-boost vaccination strategy with vaccinia virus expressing the envelope glycoprotein gp120 of HIV-2 and a polypeptide comprising the envelope regions C2, V3 and C3 elicits bNAbs against HIV-2. We hypothesised that a chimeric envelope gp120 containing the C2, V3 and C3 regions of HIV-2 and the remaining parts of HIV-1 would elicit a neutralising response against HIV-1 and HIV-2. This chimeric envelope was synthesised and expressed in vaccinia virus. Balb/c mice primed with the recombinant vaccinia virus and boosted with an HIV-2 C2V3C3 polypeptide or monomeric gp120 from a CRF01_AG HIV-1 isolate produced antibodies that neutralised >60% (serum dilution 1:40) of a primary HIV-2 isolate. Four out of nine mice also produced antibodies that neutralised at least one HIV-1 isolate. Neutralising epitope specificity was assessed using a panel of HIV-1 TRO.11 pseudoviruses with key neutralising epitopes disrupted by alanine substitution (N160A in V2; N278A in the CD4 binding site region; N332A in the high mannose patch). The neutralisation of the mutant pseudoviruses was reduced or abolished in one mouse, suggesting that neutralising antibodies target the three major neutralising epitopes in the HIV-1 envelope gp120. These results provide proof of concept for chimeric HIV-1/HIV-2 envelope glycoproteins as vaccine immunogens that can direct the antibody response against neutralising epitopes in the HIV-1 and HIV-2 surface glycoproteins.publishersversionpublishe

Dietary modulation of body composition and insulin sensitivity during catch-up growth in rats: effects of oils rich in n-6 or n-3 PUFA

The present study investigates whether excessive fat accumulation and hyperinsulinaemia during catch-up growth on high-fat diets are altered by n-6 and n-3 PUFA derived from oils rich in either linoleic acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), arachidonic acid (AA) or DHA. It has been shown that, compared with food-restricted rats refed a high-fat (lard) diet low in PUFA, those refed isoenergetically on diets enriched in LA or ALA, independently of the n-6:n-3 ratio, show improved insulin sensitivity, lower fat mass and higher lean mass, the magnitude of which is related to the proportion of total PUFA precursors (LA+ALA) consumed. These relationships are best fitted by quadratic regression models (r2>0·8, P<0·001), with threshold values for an impact on body composition corresponding to PUFA precursors contributing 25-30% of energy intake. Isoenergetic refeeding on high-fat diets enriched in AA or DHA also led to improved body composition, with increases in lean mass as predicted by the quadratic model for PUFA precursors, but decreases in fat mass, which are disproportionately greater than predicted values; insulin sensitivity, however, was not improved. These findings pertaining to the impact of dietary intake of PUFA precursors (LA and ALA) and their elongated-desaturated products (AA and DHA), on body composition and insulin sensitivity, provide important insights into the search for diets aimed at counteracting the pathophysiological consequences of catch-up growth. In particular, diets enriched in essential fatty acids (LA and/or ALA) markedly improve insulin sensitivity and composition of weight regained, independently of the n-6:n-3 fatty acid rati

Session 7. Accessibility in Brazil

Audio subtitling Portunhol: from a borderless translation approach / Helena Santiago Vigata (Universidade de Brasília), Eduardo Magalhães da Silva (Universidade de Brasília), Ana Carolina Nascimento Fernandes (Centro Universitário Planalto do Distrito Federal) ; The compositional metafunction in the audio description of cartoons: a proposal based on 'The grammar of visual design' / Deise Medina Silveira (Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Bahia) ; Media accessibility for radio and broadcasting undergraduate course: a new discipline in Brazil / Lucinéa Marcelino Villela (Universidade Estadual Paulista). Chair: Graça Bigotte Chorão (Porto Polytechnic Institute (ISCAP)