Исследование защитных характеристик аппаратов защиты от токов утечки рудничных на постоянном оперативном токе в условиях дестабилизирующих факторов комбинированных сетей

У статті розглянуті питання захисних характеристик апаратів захисту від струмів витоку рудничних на постійному оперативному струмі в умовах дестабілізуючих факторів комбінованих мереж. Показано, що захисні характеристики досліджених апаратів захисту на постійному оперативному струмі в умовах дестабілізуючих факторів комбінованих мереж не підтверджують факту дестабілізації їхньої роботи тільки несиметричними витоками на ділянці постійного струму. Встановлено, що і опір апарату сильно дестабілізує роботу таких апаратів при витоках на стороні до перетворювача.В статье рассмотрены вопросы защитных характеристик аппаратов защиты от токов утечки рудничных на постоянном оперативном токе в условиях дестабилизирующих факторов комбинированых сетей. Показано, что защитные характеристики исследованных аппаратов защиты на постоянном оперативном токе в условиях дестабилизирующих факторов комбинированных сетей не подтверждают факта дестабилизации их работы только несимметричными утечками на участке постоянного тока. Установлено, что и сопротивление аппарата сильно дестабилизирует работу таких аппаратов при утечках на стороне до преобразователя

Design of floor structures for human induced vibrations

In recent years, the introduction of new structural materials and innovative construction processes, associated to architectural and space arrangement requirements, in multi-storey buildings construction have produced significantly more flexible floor structural systems. The design of these floor systems is usually controlled by serviceability criteria, deflections or vibrations. Recognizing a gap in the design codes, this report gives a procedure for the determination and assessment of floor response for human induced vibrations. First, the proposed procedure is presented, giving particular attention to the human induced loading characterization, dynamic properties and the comfort criteria for the verification of floor structural systems. Design charts are derived. Finally, it is presented a guidance manual to use the simplified procedure proposed for the design of building floors for human induced vibrations. Two worked examples of the proposed design procedure are given, namely a filigree slab with ACB-composite beams and a composite slab with steel beams.JRC.DG.G.5-European laboratory for structural assessmen

an ISES Europe statement

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Neurologic phenotypes associated with COL4A1/2 mutations

Objective: To characterize the neurologic phenotypes associated with COL4A1/2 mutations and to seek genotype–phenotype correlation. Methods: We analyzed clinical, EEG, and neuroimaging data of 44 new and 55 previously reported patients with COL4A1/COL4A2 mutations. Results: Childhood-onset focal seizures, frequently complicated by status epilepticus and resistance to antiepileptic drugs, was the most common phenotype. EEG typically showed focal epileptiform discharges in the context of other abnormalities, including generalized sharp waves or slowing. In 46.4% of new patients with focal seizures, porencephalic cysts on brain MRI colocalized with the area of the focal epileptiform discharges. In patients with porencephalic cysts, brain MRI frequently also showed extensive white matter abnormalities, consistent with the finding of diffuse cerebral disturbance on EEG. Notably, we also identified a subgroup of patients with epilepsy as their main clinical feature, in which brain MRI showed nonspecific findings, in particular periventricular leukoencephalopathy and ventricular asymmetry. Analysis of 15 pedigrees suggested a worsening of the severity of clinical phenotype in succeeding generations, particularly when maternally inherited. Mutations associated with epilepsy were spread across COL4A1 and a clear genotype–phenotype correlation did not emerge. Conclusion: COL4A1/COL4A2 mutations typically cause a severe neurologic condition and a broader spectrum of milder phenotypes, in which epilepsy is the predominant feature. Early identification of patients carrying COL4A1/COL4A2 mutations may have important clinical consequences, while for research efforts, omission from large-scale epilepsy sequencing studies of individuals with abnormalities on brain MRI may generate misleading estimates of the genetic contribution to the epilepsies overall