812 research outputs found
Derivation of a No-significant-risk-level (NSRL) for dermal exposures to diethanolamine
AbstractDiethanolamine (DEA) has been found to produce liver and kidney tumors in mice following lifetime dermal exposures. Data regarding the mode of action by which DEA produces these tumors were used to support a dose-response assessment that resulted in a no-significant-risk-level (NSRL) for dermal exposures to DEA. DEA and its metabolites are structural analogs to endogenous agents important to choline homeostasis. Sufficient information is available to support an epigenetic MOA involving the perturbation of choline homeostasis and hepatic methylation reactions in the formation of mouse liver tumors. This MOA may also apply to mouse kidney tumors, but direct measurements for key events in kidney are lacking. For both tumor types, dose-response data were pooled across four cancer bioassays conducted for DEA and DEA-containing condensates in order to provide a more robust characterization of the dose-response relationships. Doses were expressed in terms of dermally absorbed dose so that the dose-dependency and species differences in the dermal absorption of DEA were addressed. The resulting NSRL value of 3400 ug/day for dermal exposures to DEA is considered to be protective of human health for both tumor endpoints
Novel biofortified sorghum lines with combined waxy (high amylopectin) starch and high protein digestibility traits : effects on endosperm and flour properties
Novel biofortified sorghum lines have been developed with both waxy starch (high amylopectin) and
high protein digestibility traits. Eight sorghum lines with different combinations of waxy, non-waxy,
high- and normal-protein digestibility traits were studied in relation to flour properties. Lines with
the high protein digestibility trait had loosely packed starch granules and floury endosperm, irrespective
of whether they were waxy or non-waxy. In terms of thermal properties, combined waxy-high digestibility
lines had the highest onset endothermic temperature as well as endothermic energy
compared to non-waxy, normal protein digestibility lines. The waxy-high protein digestibility lines had
higher paste viscosity and formed much softer and less sticky pastes than the non-waxy, normal protein
digestibility lines. Flours of the combined waxy-high protein digestibility sorghum lines had much higher
solubility than the non-waxy- normal protein digestibility lines. At 30 C flour solubility, waxy-high
protein digestibility sorghum lines flour was similar to commercial wheat bread flours. The high flour
solubility, high pasting viscosity and soft paste of sorghum lines with combined waxy and high protein
digestibility traits indicate that their flours may have better properties for making dough-based food
products than normal non-waxy, normal protein digestibility sorghums.Howard G. Buffett Foundation through the Norman E. Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture of Texas A&M AgriLife Research and by the US- Department of Transportation Subgrant 2011. University of Pretoria Research Support Bursary.http://www.elsevier.com/locate/jcs2016-09-30hb2016Food Scienc
The First VERITAS Telescope
The first atmospheric Cherenkov telescope of VERITAS (the Very Energetic
Radiation Imaging Telescope Array System) has been in operation since February
2005. We present here a technical description of the instrument and a summary
of its performance. The calibration methods are described, along with the
results of Monte Carlo simulations of the telescope and comparisons between
real and simulated data. The analysis of TeV -ray observations of the
Crab Nebula, including the reconstructed energy spectrum, is shown to give
results consistent with earlier measurements. The telescope is operating as
expected and has met or exceeded all design specifications.Comment: Accepted by Astroparticle Physic
The New Political History
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66569/2/10.1177_000276427702100204.pd
On the selection of AGN neutrino source candidates for a source stacking analysis with neutrino telescopes
The sensitivity of a search for sources of TeV neutrinos can be improved by
grouping potential sources together into generic classes in a procedure that is
known as source stacking. In this paper, we define catalogs of Active Galactic
Nuclei (AGN) and use them to perform a source stacking analysis. The grouping
of AGN into classes is done in two steps: first, AGN classes are defined, then,
sources to be stacked are selected assuming that a potential neutrino flux is
linearly correlated with the photon luminosity in a certain energy band (radio,
IR, optical, keV, GeV, TeV). Lacking any secure detailed knowledge on neutrino
production in AGN, this correlation is motivated by hadronic AGN models, as
briefly reviewed in this paper.
The source stacking search for neutrinos from generic AGN classes is
illustrated using the data collected by the AMANDA-II high energy neutrino
detector during the year 2000. No significant excess for any of the suggested
groups was found.Comment: 43 pages, 12 figures, accepted by Astroparticle Physic
Longitudinal double-spin asymmetry and cross section for inclusive neutral pion production at midrapidity in polarized proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV
We report a measurement of the longitudinal double-spin asymmetry A_LL and
the differential cross section for inclusive Pi0 production at midrapidity in
polarized proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 200 GeV. The cross section was
measured over a transverse momentum range of 1 < p_T < 17 GeV/c and found to be
in good agreement with a next-to-leading order perturbative QCD calculation.
The longitudinal double-spin asymmetry was measured in the range of 3.7 < p_T <
11 GeV/c and excludes a maximal positive gluon polarization in the proton. The
mean transverse momentum fraction of Pi0's in their parent jets was found to be
around 0.7 for electromagnetically triggered events.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D (RC
High non-photonic electron production in + collisions at = 200 GeV
We present the measurement of non-photonic electron production at high
transverse momentum ( 2.5 GeV/) in + collisions at
= 200 GeV using data recorded during 2005 and 2008 by the STAR
experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). The measured
cross-sections from the two runs are consistent with each other despite a large
difference in photonic background levels due to different detector
configurations. We compare the measured non-photonic electron cross-sections
with previously published RHIC data and pQCD calculations. Using the relative
contributions of B and D mesons to non-photonic electrons, we determine the
integrated cross sections of electrons () at 3 GeV/10 GeV/ from bottom and charm meson decays to be = 4.0({\rm
stat.})({\rm syst.}) nb and =
6.2({\rm stat.})({\rm syst.}) nb, respectively.Comment: 17 pages, 17 figure
Evolution of the differential transverse momentum correlation function with centrality in Au+Au collisions at GeV
We present first measurements of the evolution of the differential transverse
momentum correlation function, {\it C}, with collision centrality in Au+Au
interactions at GeV. {\it C} exhibits a strong dependence
on collision centrality that is qualitatively similar to that of number
correlations previously reported. We use the observed longitudinal broadening
of the near-side peak of {\it C} with increasing centrality to estimate the
ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density, , of the matter formed
in central Au+Au interactions. We obtain an upper limit estimate of
that suggests that the produced medium has a small viscosity per unit entropy.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, STAR paper published in Phys. Lett.
Longitudinal scaling property of the charge balance function in Au + Au collisions at 200 GeV
We present measurements of the charge balance function, from the charged
particles, for diverse pseudorapidity and transverse momentum ranges in Au + Au
collisions at 200 GeV using the STAR detector at RHIC. We observe that the
balance function is boost-invariant within the pseudorapidity coverage [-1.3,
1.3]. The balance function properly scaled by the width of the observed
pseudorapidity window does not depend on the position or size of the
pseudorapidity window. This scaling property also holds for particles in
different transverse momentum ranges. In addition, we find that the width of
the balance function decreases monotonically with increasing transverse
momentum for all centrality classes.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Measurement of the Bottom contribution to non-photonic electron production in collisions at =200 GeV
The contribution of meson decays to non-photonic electrons, which are
mainly produced by the semi-leptonic decays of heavy flavor mesons, in
collisions at 200 GeV has been measured using azimuthal
correlations between non-photonic electrons and hadrons. The extracted
decay contribution is approximately 50% at a transverse momentum of GeV/. These measurements constrain the nuclear modification factor for
electrons from and meson decays. The result indicates that meson
production in heavy ion collisions is also suppressed at high .Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted by PR
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