A Summary of gold fineness values from Alaska placer deposits

This report is the first in a series of publications by the Mineral Industry Research Laboratory and the Alaska Division of Geological and Geophysical Surveys under a special appropriation by the Alaska State Legislature to the School of Mineral Industry to conduct a "Mineral Appraisal of Interior Alaska Mining Districts".Funding for the report was supplimented by a grant under the Mining and Mineral Resources Research Institute, Office of Surface Mining, U.S. Department of Interior

MultiCellDS : a community-developed standard for curating microenvironment-dependent multicellular data

Exchanging and understanding scientific data and their context represents a significant barrier to advancing research, especially with respect to information siloing. Maintaining information provenance and providing data curation and quality control help overcome common concerns and barriers to the effective sharing of scientific data. To address these problems in and the unique challenges of multicellular systems, we assembled a panel composed of investigators from several disciplines to create the MultiCellular Data Standard (MultiCellDS) with a use-case driven development process. The standard includes (1) digital cell lines, which are analogous to traditional biological cell lines, to record metadata, cellular microenvironment, and cellular phenotype variables of a biological cell line, (2) digital snapshots to consistently record simulation, experimental, and clinical data for multicellular systems, and (3) collections that can logically group digital cell lines and snapshots. We have created a MultiCellular DataBase (MultiCellDB) to store digital snapshots and the 200+ digital cell lines we have generated. MultiCellDS, by having a fixed standard, enables discoverability, extensibility, maintainability, searchability, and sustainability of data, creating biological applicability and clinical utility that permits us to identify upcoming challenges to uplift biology and strategies and therapies for improving human health

MultiCellDS: a community-developed standard for curating microenvironment-dependent multicellular data

Exchanging and understanding scientific data and their context represents a significant barrier to advancing research, especially with respect to information siloing. Maintaining information provenance and providing data curation and quality control help overcome common concerns and barriers to the effective sharing of scientific data. To address these problems in and the unique challenges of multicellular systems, we assembled a panel composed of investigators from several disciplines to create the MultiCellular Data Standard (MultiCellDS) with a use-case driven development process. The standard includes (1) digital cell lines, which are analogous to traditional biological cell lines, to record metadata, cellular microenvironment, and cellular phenotype variables of a biological cell line, (2) digital snapshots to consistently record simulation, experimental, and clinical data for multicellular systems, and (3) collections that can logically group digital cell lines and snapshots. We have created a MultiCellular DataBase (MultiCellDB) to store digital snapshots and the 200+ digital cell lines we have generated. MultiCellDS, by having a fixed standard, enables discoverability, extensibility, maintainability, searchability, and sustainability of data, creating biological applicability and clinical utility that permits us to identify upcoming challenges to uplift biology and strategies and therapies for improving human health

MultiCellDS: a standard and a community for sharing multicellular data

Cell biology is increasingly focused on cellular heterogeneity and multicellular systems. To make the fullest use of experimental, clinical, and computational efforts, we need standardized data formats, community-curated "public data libraries", and tools to combine and analyze shared data. To address these needs, our multidisciplinary community created MultiCellDS (MultiCellular Data Standard): an extensible standard, a library of digital cell lines and tissue snapshots, and support software. With the help of experimentalists, clinicians, modelers, and data and library scientists, we can grow this seed into a community-owned ecosystem of shared data and tools, to the benefit of basic science, engineering, and human health

Cosmological Applications of Gravitational Lensing

The last decade has seen an enormous increase of activity in the field of gravitational lensing, mainly driven by improvements of observational capabilities. I will review the basics of gravitational lens theory, just enough to understand the rest of this contribution, and will then concentrate on several of the main applications in cosmology. Cluster lensing, and weak lensing, will constitute the main part of this review.Comment: 26 pages, including 2 figures (a third figure can be obtained from the author by request) gziped and uuencoded postscript file; to be published in Proceedings of the Laredo Advanced Summer School, Sept. 9

Serious (violent or chronic) juvenile offenders: A systematic review of treatment effectiveness in secure corrections

Positive results in reducing future offender were found for some of the programs examined that serve serious (violent or chronic) juvenile offenders in secure corrections. Considering this general outcome, it is justifiable to continue treating this population. We found that programs were more effective at reducing serious recidivism than in reducing general recidivism. This finding shows the importance of including serious recidivism as an outcome measure of efficacy in all the programmes oriented to reduce the delinquent behaviour of serious offenders. Chronic and violent offenders are a small part of the offender population yet they are responsible for a substantive portion of all offenses. Reducing the delinquent behaviour of this group through secure correctional programming is clearly important that this review suggests that such programs can be effective

Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Environmental path of arsenic in groundwater: Completion report

This is the final completion report for a project begun in July, 1974, for the purpose of determining the concentration of arsenic in the Pedro Dome-Cleary Summit area of the Fairbanks Mining District, Alaska. Because arsenic contamination of the waters of the area was detected during the first year, the study was extended for another year to examine for arsenic the waters of the Ester Dome area, a more populated part of the district. This study was undertaken because it was known that arsenic as arsenopyrite and arseniferous pyrite accompanies the gold mineralization in the Fairbanks District. It was not known if such arsenic was liberated to the waters of the area by weathering processes. The Pedro Dome-Cleary Summit area was chosen for the initial study because arsenopyrite- bearing rocks are abundant and mining activities which might accelerate release of arsenic had long been carried out in the region. The area also had a few wells thus permitting a limited number of groundwater samples to be taken. The subsequently studied Ester Dome area permitted extensive sampling of the groundwater there. From a health standpoint, 70 mg arsenic has proven to be toxic to humans, while arsenic in low concentrations appears to be a carcinogen. In view of these facts, the United States Public Health Service (USPHS) recommended guide limit for arsenic in potable waters is 10 parts per billion (ppb) with 50 ppb a level which, if exceeded, constitutes grounds for rejection of the water as a public water supply. Because of the rapid population growth in the Fairbanks area and the growing reliance upon domestic wells as a source of water by much of the population, it is important that the arsenic content of the surface and ground water be determined.The work upon which this report is based was supported by funds provided by the United States Department of Interior, Office of Water Resources Research and Technology, as authorized by the Water Resources Research Act of 1964, Public Law 88-379, as amended. (Project A-050-ALAS

A Retrospective Study of Spatial and Temporal Recruitment Dynamics of Spruce in a Boreal Mixedwood Forest of BC

Understanding post fire white spruce recruitment and natural regeneration in mixed aspen spruce stands in the boreal forests of Northeast British Columbia has proved difficult. Proximity to seed source is generally considered to have one of the greatest influences on natural regeneration of these forests following disturbance by fire. In order to increase our understanding of the dynamics of recruitment following fire, we measured white spruce regeneration within a 59 year old aspen spruce stand in Northeast BC. One meter wide linear transects, 75 m in length, were established perpendicular to the forest edge seed source: three transects were oriented to the southeast and three were oriented to the west (into prevailing wind). The number of white spruce encountered along transects were counted at one meter intervals along each transect. Remnants and co-dominant spruce trees producing seed within a tree length distance (25m) of transects were identified to establish internal stand seed sources. No post fire internal spruce seed sources were detected near transects. White spruce regeneration declined with distance from the fire edge for both sampling orientations. Seedling recruitment was negatively correlated to the direction of the prevailing winds. This resulted in more spruce recruitment on the eastern edge of the stand than the western. However remnants of the original stand or germinant seedlings that maintained co-dominance in the regenerating stand may have contributed spruce seed resulting in internal recruitment. This would result in isolated internal patches of white spruce with densities similar to those found at the forest edge. White spruce seed sources external and internal to the regenerating spruce aspen stand contribute to observed stand dynamics and succession processes. The recruitment and regeneration of spruce in these stands determines the complex nature (species and structural), spatially and temporally, of mixed aspen white spruce stands in Northeast BC