Efecto del tipo sustrato de cultivo, la fertilización y el agua de riego en la composición mineral y el desarrollo de Petunia x hybrida Vilm

Se ha realizado el estudio agronómico de Petunia para determinar opciones en el manejo de la planta referidas al sustrato, fertilizante y agua de riego a fin de producir plantines de calidad. El diagnóstico de la situación productiva indicó que los problemas existentes fueron: uso de agua de mala calidad, escaso empleo de fertilizantes y suelo orgánico como sustrato. Se comprobó la existencia de sectores dentro de esta zona de producción con características diferenciales en cuanto a la calidad de agua de riego por el aporte de salinidad de los acuíferos Puelche y Pampeano. Se observaron mayores valores en los parámetros de crecimiento cuando el agua empleada fue proveniente de la napa freática. Los 3 sustratos ensayados, poseyeron características químicas y físicas distintivas que condicionaron tanto el crecimiento y desarrollo como el contenido de macronutrientes en el tejido vegetal. Existieron ventajas comparativas del fertilizante granulado convencional respecto al de liberación lenta porque la respuesta de la planta dependió mayormente de la rápida disponibilidad de nutrientes, en los primeros 15 días tras el trasplante. El análisis de componentes principales combinado con el análisis en conglomerados jerárquicos se utilizó para sistematizar el estudio del efecto del sustrato, tipo y dosis de fertilizante y tipo de agua de riego en el desarrollo de petunia. Los indicadores de calidad que resultaron útiles en la mejora de la comercialización fueron el peso freso, peso seco, área foliar, flores/planta, el contenido de la clorofila y la intensidad de coloración de la flor. El tipo de fertilizante y agua de riego no afectaron a la calidad de la planta, a pesar de observarse incrementos de pH y de la CE al finalizar el ensayo. En etapas tempranas del desarrollo de la plántula, la presencia concreta de Na+ en el medio de crecimiento tuvo mayor incidencia y efectos más negativos que la propia salinidad.Hashimoto, PN. (2010). Efecto del tipo sustrato de cultivo, la fertilización y el agua de riego en la composición mineral y el desarrollo de Petunia x hybrida Vilm [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/8547Palanci

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The oral lipid sensor GPR120 is not indispensable for the orosensory detectionof dietary lipids in the mouse

International audienceImplication of the long-chain fatty acid (LCFA) receptor GPR120, also termed free fatty acid receptor 4 (FFAR4), in the taste-guided preference for lipids is a matter of debate. To further unravel the role of GPR120 in the "taste of fat", the present study was conducted on GPR120-null mice and their wild-type littermates. Using a combination of morphological (i.e. immunohistochemical staining of circumvallate papillae - CVP), behavioral (i.e. two-bottle preference tests, licking tests and conditioned taste aversion) and functional studies (i.e. calcium imaging in freshly isolated taste bud cells - TBC), we show that absence of GPR120 in oral cavity was not associated with changes in i) the gross anatomy of CVP, ii) the LCFA-mediated increases in [Ca2+]i, iii) the preference for oily and LCFA solutions and iv) the conditioned avoidance of LCFA solutions. In contrast, the rise in [Ca2+]i triggered by grifolic acid (GA), a specific GPR120 agonist, was dramatically curtailed when GPR120 gene was lacking. Taken together these data demonstrate that activation of lingual GPR120 and preference for fat are disconnected, suggesting that GPR120 expressed in TBC is not absolutely required for the oral fat detection in the mouse

Water retention efficiency of green roof systems in "extensive" and "intensive" type covers

La inundación en áreas urbanas por sobrecarga de las redes de drenaje es un problema recurrente de importancia creciente. Las cubiertas vegetadas (naturadas) retienen parte de la lámina de agua precipitada, reduciendo el escurrimiento superficial y generando hidrogramas de escorrentía directa con caudales pico menores y más retardados. Estas propiedades hacen que esta tecnología pueda contribuir a reducir la sobrecarga de cauces urbanos. Los resultados obtenidos a lo largo de casi dos años de estudio permitieron estimar una capacidad de retención de las cubiertas ensayadas (en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires), que ha sido variable en función de la precipitación, del grado de cobertura y profundidad del sustrato. Es así que el porcentaje retenido ha sido alto (73% a 100%) con precipitaciones menores o iguales a los 20 mm, alrededor del 60% con lluvias de 35 a 40 mm, y con precipitaciones cercanas a 100 mm los porcentajes de retención se redujeron notablemente, alcanzando valores cercanos al 30%. Estos resultados posicionan las cubiertas vegetadas, para las condiciones y sitio del ensayo, como una alternativa dentro del manejo hídrico integrado en cuencas urbanas.Flash floods in urban areas caused by overload of drainage networks are a recurrent problem of raising importance. Greenroofs retain part of the stormwater, lowering surface flow and generating runoff hydrographs with lower and delayed peak flows. Therefore, this technology can contribute to mitigate the overload of drainage networks. The results of the study that was carried out in City of Buenos Aires along almost two years, showed that the retention capacity of the tested lots tasted varied, depending upon precipitation, coverage and depth of the substrate. With precipitation less than or equal to 20 mm, the retention fraction was high (73% to 100%), and when precipitation reached 35 to 40 mm, the maximum percentage of retention was around 60%. However, when the rainfall was approximately 100 mm, the retention fraction was reduced substantially, reaching values nearing 30%. The results of the test showed that green roofs system represent a good alternative in the integrated management of water runoff in urban watersheds.Fil: Rosatto, Héctor. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Meyer, Maia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Laureda, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Cazorla, Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Barrera, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Gamboa, Paula. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Villalba, Gustavo Ariel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Bargiela, Martha. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Recursos Naturales y AmbienteFil: Pruzzo, Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Rodríguez Plaza, Luis. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Mazzeo, Nadia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Caso, César Eduardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Rocca, Carlos. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Hashimoto, Patricia. Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Kohan, Diana. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de IngenieríaFil: Quaintenne, Elina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomí

"Extensive" green roof systems, efficiency in the retention capacity rainwater of the vegetation implanted

Los efectos del cambio climático y de los procesos de crecimiento urbano provocaron un deterioro ambiental en la Región Metropolitana Buenos Aires. Esta situación altera el ciclo hidrológico natural y el hidrograma de crecida en cuencas en proceso de urbanización se va modificando, presentando caudales pico más altos y tiempos de ascenso más cortos, a medida que aquélla avanza. Por otra parte, el calentamiento global de la atmósfera ha provocado un aumento en la precipitación media anual y en los valores extremos generados por tormentas de tipo conectivo, en la región central y norte de Argentina. Una de las posibles medidas para mitigar estos efectos, consiste en la implementación de cubiertas verdes o naturadas de tipo "extensivo" en terrazas de edificios y casas ya construidas para disminuir el factor de escurrimiento. El objetivo de este proyecto fue determinar la reducción del escurrimiento superficial y la calidad de agua entregada de cubiertas vegetadas con distinto tipo de vegetación implantada ante lluvias normales en la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Los resultados obtenidos a lo largo de un año de estudio, permitieron estimar una capacidad de retención de las cubiertas ensayadas (en CABA) que ha sido variable en función de la precipitación, y el tipo devegetación y su grado de cobertura. Es así que el porcentaje retenido ha sido alto (100%) con precipitaciones menores o iguales a los 20 mm. Para intervalos de lluvias entre 20 y 41 mm los porcentajes de retención variaron entre el 63% y 68%, con lluvias entre 42 y 60 mm observaron porcentajes de retención entre el 31% y 39%. Para el intervalo de 61 a 80 mm el porcentaje de retención se comportó en forma similar al intervalo anteriormente analizado, aunque con valores levemente menores 25% al 38% y por último, analizando las precipitaciones mayores a 90 mm, el porcentaje de retención fluctuó entre 16% y 22%. La Aptenia cordifolia presentó menores valores de retención en todos los intervalos salvo en el primero. Estos resultados posicionan a las cubiertas vegetadas, para las condiciones y sitio del ensayo, como una alternativa dentro del manejo hídrico integrado en cuencas urbanas.Climatic change effects and the processes of urban growth caused environmental deterioration in the city of Buenos Aires. This situation alters the natural hydrological cycle and the hydrograph of floodwaters in urbanizing watersheds will modify, presenting flows higher peak and shorter rise times as it progresses. On the other hand, the global warming has caused an increase in mean annual precipitation and extreme values generated by storms of connective type, in the central region and North of Argentina. One of the possibilities to mitigate these effects is the implementation of extensive green roofs systems in terraces of buildings and houses built that help to reduce runoff factor. The objective of this paper was: to determine the reduction of surface runoff and water quality delivered for different types of green roofs with different types of vegetation implanted in normal rainfall in the city of Buenos Aires. The results of the study that was carried out along one year, showed that the retention capacity of the tested lots varied, depending upon precipitation, type of vegetation and coverage. For the range of 21 and 41 mm the retention ratesreached between 63% and 68%, with rainfall between 42 and 60 mm are observed percentages of retention from 31% to 39%. For the range of 61 to 80 mm the retention percentage was similarly to the range previously analyzed, 25% to 38%, and finally analyzing rainfall greater than 90 mm, the percentage of retention varies between 16% and 22%. The Aptenia cordifolia presented minors values of retention in all ranges except the first. The results of the test showed that green roofs system represent a good alternative in the integrated management of water runoff in urban watersheds.Fil: Rosatto, Héctor. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Moyano, Gabriela. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Cazorla, Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Laureda, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Meyer, Maia. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Gamboa, Paula. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Bargiela, Martha. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Recursos Naturales y AmbienteFil: Caso, César Eduardo. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Villalba, Gustavo Ariel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Barrera, Daniel. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Pruzzo, Laura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de AgronomíaFil: Rodríguez Plaza, Luis. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Oliveri, Alejandra. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Waslavsky, Agustina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Departamento de Ingeniería AgrícolaFil: Hashimoto, Patricia. Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora. Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasFil: Kohan, Diana. Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ingenierí

Discovery of the first symbiotic star in NGC6822

We report the discovery of the first symbiotic star (V=21.6, K_S=15.8 mag) in the Local Group dwarf irregular galaxy NGC6822. This star was identified during a spectral survey of Ha emission-line objects using the Southern African Large Telescope (SALT) during its performance-verification phase. The observed strong emission lines of HI and HeII suggest a high electron density and T* < 130 000 K for the hot companion. The infrared colours allow us to classify this object as an S-type symbiotic star, comprising a red giant losing mass to a compact companion. The red giant is an AGB carbon star, and a semi-regular variable, pulsating in the first overtone with a period of 142 days. Its bolometric magnitude is M_bol=-4.4 mag. We review what is known about the luminosities of extragalactic symbiotic stars, showing that most, possibly all, contain AGB stars. We suggest that a much larger fraction of Galactic symbiotic stars may contain AGB stars than was previously realised.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted to MNRA

Stimulating at the right time: phase-specific deep brain stimulation.

SEE MOLL AND ENGEL DOI101093/AWW308 FOR A SCIENTIFIC COMMENTARY ON THIS ARTICLE: Brain regions dynamically engage and disengage with one another to execute everyday actions from movement to decision making. Pathologies such as Parkinson's disease and tremor emerge when brain regions controlling movement cannot readily decouple, compromising motor function. Here, we propose a novel stimulation strategy that selectively regulates neural synchrony through phase-specific stimulation. We demonstrate for the first time the therapeutic potential of such a stimulation strategy for the treatment of patients with pathological tremor. Symptom suppression is achieved by delivering stimulation to the ventrolateral thalamus, timed according to the patient's tremor rhythm. Sustained locking of deep brain stimulation to a particular phase of tremor afforded clinically significant tremor relief (up to 87% tremor suppression) in selected patients with essential tremor despite delivering less than half the energy of conventional high frequency stimulation. Phase-specific stimulation efficacy depended on the resonant characteristics of the underlying tremor network. Selective regulation of neural synchrony through phase-locked stimulation has the potential to both increase the efficiency of therapy and to minimize stimulation-induced side effects

Leptonic and Semileptonic Decays of Charm and Bottom Hadrons

We review the experimental measurements and theoretical descriptions of leptonic and semileptonic decays of particles containing a single heavy quark, either charm or bottom. Measurements of bottom semileptonic decays are used to determine the magnitudes of two fundamental parameters of the standard model, the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix elements $V_{cb}$ and $V_{ub}$. These parameters are connected with the physics of quark flavor and mass, and they have important implications for the breakdown of CP symmetry. To extract precise values of $|V_{cb}|$ and $|V_{ub}|$ from measurements, however, requires a good understanding of the decay dynamics. Measurements of both charm and bottom decay distributions provide information on the interactions governing these processes. The underlying weak transition in each case is relatively simple, but the strong interactions that bind the quarks into hadrons introduce complications. We also discuss new theoretical approaches, especially heavy-quark effective theory and lattice QCD, which are providing insights and predictions now being tested by experiment. An international effort at many laboratories will rapidly advance knowledge of this physics during the next decade.Comment: This review article will be published in Reviews of Modern Physics in the fall, 1995. This file contains only the abstract and the table of contents. The full 168-page document including 47 figures is available at http://charm.physics.ucsb.edu/papers/slrevtex.p

EAES and SAGES 2018 consensus conference on acute diverticulitis management:evidence-based recommendations for clinical practice

Background Acute diverticulitis (AD) presents a unique diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for general surgeons. This collaborative project between EAES and SAGES aimed to summarize recent evidence and draw statements of recommendation to guide our members on comprehensive AD management. Methods Systematic reviews of the literature were conducted across six AD topics by an international steering group including experts from both societies. Topics encompassed the epidemiology, diagnosis, management of non-complicated and complicated AD as well as emergency and elective operative AD management. Consensus statements and recommendations were generated, and the quality of the evidence and recommendation strength rated with the GRADE system. Modified Delphi methodology was used to reach consensus among experts prior to surveying the EAES and SAGES membership on the recommendations and likelihood to impact their practice. Results were presented at both EAES and SAGES annual meetings with live re-voting carried out for recommendations with < 70% agreement. Results A total of 51 consensus statements and 41 recommendations across all six topics were agreed upon by the experts and submitted for members’ online voting. Based on 1004 complete surveys and over 300 live votes at the SAGES and EAES Diverticulitis Consensus Conference (DCC), consensus was achieved for 97.6% (40/41) of recommendations with 92% (38/41) agreement on the likelihood that these recommendations would change practice if not already applied. Areas of persistent disagreement included the selective use of imaging to guide AD diagnosis, recommendations against antibiotics in non-complicated AD, and routine colonic evaluation after resolution of non-complicated diverticulitis. Conclusion This joint EAES and SAGES consensus conference updates clinicians on the current evidence and provides a set of recommendations that can guide clinical AD management practice

Low-level laser therapy in the management of skin wound healing

Introduction: Tissue repair and skin wound healing are complex processes that involve a series of dynamic events, including coagulation, inflammation, granulation tissue formation, wound contraction and tissue remodeling. The need to care for patients with difficulties in wound healing is a growing challenge and requires innovative strategies. One approach that stands out in the treatment of these injuries is low-power laser therapy. This study aims to demonstrate the applicability and results of a low-power laser therapy protocol in the management of skin wound healing. Methods: This is a retrospective case review study reporting the use of laser in the treatment of skin wounds in a single center. Results: We evaluated the results of the implementation of this low-power laser therapy protocol and reported five cases of patients with skin wounds that did not improve with conventional treatment. The lesions were located in different places, with lesions on the trunk, upper limb and lower limb. The five cases showed a good response to laser therapy, evolving with wound healing in a short period of time, with an average healing time of 48 days. Conclusion: It is concluded that low power laser therapy when applied to skin wounds suggests a beneficial, promising action and has the potential to increase the therapeutic options available to the surgeon, however as we report a number of five cases, further studies are needed for check laser efficiency on wounds