KONTRIBUSI KOIN UMAYYAH TEMUAN SITUS BONGAL TERHADAP HISTORIOGRAFI ISLAM DI SUMATERA UTARA

This paper discusses about the characteristics of Umayyad coins found at the Bongal Site and how the contribution of Umayyad coins to the historiography of the history of Islam in North Sumatra. The method of the research is of historical method by going through four stages. As part of methodology, numismatic and archeological approach are also applied in the research. The research found Bongal Site is an important archeological site that has been discovered since 2019. Various artifacts from the 7th to 11th centuries have been discovered at this site. In this study, there are 3 Umayyad coins that are the object of study. Umayyad coins found at the Bongal site have contributed to historiography in North Sumatra. The contribution is to become one of the supporting evidence for the theory of the entry of Islam into the archipelago, namely the Mecca theory, and Umayyad coin also contributes as a new interpretation space for the writing of Islamic history in North Sumatra and the archipelago that focuses on Numismatic studies

KOMPETENSI GURU DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN ASPEK KONIGTIF ANAK USIA DINI DI TK HAFNISA

Perkembangan kognitif merupakan aspek yang harus dikembangkan serta juga menjadi tujuan pembelajaran Taman Kanak-kanak. Kemampuan kognitif ini meliputi penalaran, berpikir serta keterampilan lain seperti bahasa, sosial, emosional, moral serta kepercayaan dengan kemampuan kognitif atau kepandaian, orang bisa membedakan mana yang salah, apa yang harus dilakukan atau dihindari, bagaimana bertindak, serta sebagainya. TK Hafnisa dengan kompetensi guru dalam mengembangkan aspek konigtif Anak Usia Dini dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode bermain serta membaca efektif, menyenangkan serta memudahkan pemahaman siswa TK. Aspek kognitif, khususnya dalam pengenalan suku kata. Faktor yang mendukung perkembangan aspek kognitif yaitu perlunya lingkungan yang kondusif serta mendukung seperti lingkungan sekolah serta lingkungan keluarga

KEWENANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN PENDIDIKAN DI MA’HAD AL-ZAYTUN MENURUT PERATURAN DAERAH KABUPATEN INDRAMAYU NO. 8 TAHUN 2015

Indonesia as a legal state emphasizes that education is an element of national development. Indramayu Regency Regional Regulation Number 8 of 2015 concerning Education in Indramayu Regency stipulates in Article 14 Paragraph 1 that the regional government has the authority to assign education services and related parties to organize spiritual education. This research uses qualitative research using secondary data sources. The foundation of Al-Zaytun Islamic boarding school can instill the values ​​of independence, togetherness and love of knowledge which are based on akhlaq al-karimah and devotion to God. In Regional Regulation No. 8 of 2015, several articles and verses are mentioned that refer to discussions on developing educational levels. In this research, Ma'had Al-Zaytun develops education gradually and periodically, starting from Madrasah Aliyah and Tsanawiyah, continuing to Madrasah Ibtidaiyah, continuing to the Institute of Religion. Islam Al-Zaytun Indonesia (IAI Al-Azis), and finally PAUD. The authority of the Regional government is contained in Regional Regulation no. 8 of 2015, Indramyu Regency in terms of education provides convenience in undergoing educational development in Ma'had Al-Zaytun. With the existence of Regional Regulation no. 8 of 2015 is also a big step for education in Ma'had Al-Zaytun in following Government regulations and not going off the established path. Keywords: Authority, Government, Educational development

Challenges and Prospects of Apple Cultivation in Himachal Pradesh

The present endeavour aims to ascertain the current status and recent challenges of apple cultivation in Kinnaur district, Himachal Pradesh and to explore the prospects by framing suitable strategies through quantitative SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) and QSPM (Quantitative Strategic Planning Matrix) analysis. A total of 32 factors encompassing 20 internal [10 Strengths (S) and 10 Weakness (W)] and 12 external [6 Opportunities (O) and 6 Threats (T)] factors have been identified through empiric investigation and interaction with the stakeholders. Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) and External Factor Evaluation (EFE) matrices have revealed that favourable agro-climatic conditions (S1, 3.60) and prevalence of diseases of the plants (W5, 3.6) are the most prioritised internal strength and weaknesses. At the same time, the establishment of adequate cold storage facilities (O5, 3.6) and recent changes in the prevailing climate (T1, 2.25) comprise the most concerning external opportunities and threats in the area, respectively. The results further reveal that implementing a well-managed gardening system and developing of infrastructural facilities (WT1, 124.7) may become the qualified alternative action plan to cope with the negative determinants. The establishment and expansion of apple orchard-based food processing units and tourism activities (SO2, 95%) may be considered the most suitable positive (SO) strategy to ensure further prosperity of apple production, which has been supported by most of the respondents. Adapting such a strategy will enrich the horticulture economy and promote the sustainable development of apple farming in the district

Design a compact CPW monopole antenna on rubber substrate for ISM band application

One of the most challenging works on compact antenna design is to maintain the flexibility orientation. This paper demonstrates a coplanar waveguide (CPW) fed monopole antenna with rubber substrate at 2.45 GHz center frequency for ISM band application. The proposed antenna attained the realized gain at 4.06 dB with the radiation efficiency around 90% at peak value and the bandwidth of 541.5 MHz. The antenna was designed using the CPW structure. CST microwave studio applied to design the proposed antenna simulation. The main purposed of this study is to improve the antenna performances specially the bandwidth, gain, and radiation efficiency. Moreover, another aim of that antenna design is to reduce the antenna size and thickness upon the existing related design with rubber substrate

Traces of the Heritage of Rantauprapat Kingdom (Oral History Review)

The Kingdom of Rantauprapat was a small kingdom that initially emerged in the upper reaches of the Bilah River. This research focuses on reconstructing the history of the Rantauprapat Kingdom through the utilization of historical relics found and historical research methods, as well as oral history methods. In particular literature, the starting point of the Rantauprapat kingdom is referred to as Poeldung. It is estimated that this kingdom existed from the late 18th century to the early 19th century, and it is known that the founder, named Patuan Bolatan, originated from Toba and was laid to rest behind the Sioldengan Village Castle housing. The existence of this kingdom became more evident during the reign of Patuan Bolatan's son, King Muda, around the mid-19th century. This was marked by the construction of the Palace in Sibuaya, formerly known as "Lobu in Bendahara Street," which has left a legacy as an ancient tomb complex. The existence of this kingdom subsequently extended from the king's residence on Padi Street to the relics of shop houses with ancient building typology on Pasar Lama Street and Veteran, as well as a tomb belonging to the last king of Rantauprapat, located in the Paindoan TPU comple

Association between Glycemic Control and Serum Lipid Profile in type 2 Diabetic Patients: Experience in a Medical College Hospital

Impaired lipid metabolism in diabetic patients can lead to cardiovascular complications. Poor glycaemic control is associated with a significant increase in the risk of both patient’s morbidity and mortality. An early intervention to regulate circulating lipids has been found to lower the risk of cardiovascular problems and death. Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a reliable indicator of rising blood sugar levels. This hospital based observational study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, Sher-E-Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barisal from October 2014 to March 2015 over a period of 6 month to determine the correlation of glycemic control and lipid profile in patients with type 2 diabetes. A total of 110 type 2 diabe- tes mellitus(DM) patients of both sexes admitted to the Deapartment of Medicine of Sher-E- Bangla Medical College Hospital, Barisal, were recruited for this study. Following standard procedures and protocols, fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood sugar two hours after breakfast, Glycosylated Hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting lipid profile were measured. The age of respondents ranged from 34 to 70 years with the mean age of 54.35}8.02 years. Among the patients male were 70 (63.6%) and female were 40 (36.4%). Mean age at diagnosis of DM and duration of DM was 47.07}6.03 years and 7.27}3.41 years, respectively. Mean body mass index (BMI), FBS and HbA1c were 25.02}5.22 kg/m2, 8.06}2.01 mmol/L and 8.34}1.9 % respectively. Significant positive correlation of HbA1c and FBS with BMI, total cholester- ol(TC), triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein(LDL-C) and negative correlation with high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) was found. Significantly higher TC, TG and LDL-C and lower HDL-C were found in poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7) group than good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7 ) group. The results of this study showed that , higher levels of glycemic parame- ters are significantly associated with dyslipidemia. These findings also indicate that HbA1c can be utilized for screening of high risk diabetic patients for early diagnosis of dyslipidemia and timely intervention with lipid lowering drugs. BSMMU J 2021; 14(4): 138-14

Awareness regarding causes of infertility among out-patients at a tertiary care hospital in Karachi, Pakistan

Introduction: Infertility is the inability of a couple to achieve pregnancy within 12 months of sexual intercourse without the use of contraceptives. The Pakistani population, belonging to a low-middle income country, has a high prevalence of infertility due to a low knowledge and awareness regarding its causes, and lack of healthcare-seeking behavior for this medical issue. The prevalence of infertility in Pakistan is reported as 22%, with primary infertility accounting for 4% of the total cases. This leads to psychological trauma among women as societal norms equate infertility with failure on a personal, emotional, and social level. In this study, we aimed to assess among this population the general awareness regarding infertility and its causes; and identify any key knowledge gaps pertaining to the subject.Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out between June 2019 and November 2019, at a public hospital (Civil Hospital Karachi) in Karachi, Pakistan. Convenience sampling technique was used to collect data from adult participants (older than 18 years) via an interview-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was based on the Cardiff Fertility Knowledge Scale (CFKS) and assessed the knowledge regarding causes of infertility such as smoking, healthy lifestyle, contraceptives, genital tract infections among others. We also determined the association between socio-demographic variables with mean knowledge scores. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0.Results: The majority of the participants were married (n=342, 68.8%) and more than half were unemployed (n=259, 52.1%). Approximately, two-quarters (n=250, 50.3%) did not believe that equal proportions of males and females contribute to infertility. The mean knowledge score of our study population was 12.95 ± 2.48 points. An overwhelming proportion of the participants (n=326, 65.6%) falsely believed that the usage of the intra-uterine device contributes to infertility. Additionally, more than half of the responders (n=278, 55.9%) incorrectly believed that a male achieving erection is an indication of fertility. Education (p=0.019), vehicle ownership (p=0.018), and marital status (p=0.031) were the only demographic factors that showed significant differences with mean knowledge scores.Conclusion: Awareness regarding the causes of infertility among the general population was found to be inadequate. Emphasis on targeted fertility education, in association with general public awareness programs regarding its causes and risk factors may help mitigate this problem by potentially reducing the prevalence of this condition, and increasing the number of affected individuals who seek medical care in a timely fashion

Investigate to find common gene and design a PPI network for vector borne diseases (Malaria, Dengue and Chikungunya) – A bioinformatics approach

Malaria, Dengue and Chikungunya are the most common mosquito-borne viral diseases transmitted to humans by day-biting Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes. Different types of gene are responsible for these viruses. The principal study of this research is to find the relationship between genetic variant for these three diseases and to create a common pathway regulatory or Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network. Our investigation goes through preprocessing, filtering, sorting and gene mining on the gathered gene (Malaria, Dengue and Chikungunya) using R to find the common associated genes by the process of reduction. The investigation shows that about 60% of the collected gene from different standard gene database is responsible for animal virus attack. After preprocessing, filtering and sorting using R toolkit, the number of collected gene for three diseases(A=malaria, B=dengue and C=chikunguniya) is reduced to 35%. Gene mining is done by intersection operation on (A, B), (B, C) and (C, A) that reduces the common associated gene from 35% to 5%. Finally, the reduction is done by intersecting AB, BC and CA that reduces the common gene from 5% to less than 1%. We have discovered five (5) common associated genes for these three virus diseases. However a common pathway with the five (5) common associated genes that has been designed for selective diseases

Pharmaceutical marketing ethics in healthcare quality for patient satisfaction: an Islamic approach

ABSTRACT Patients are the center of healthcare system where key role players include pharmaceutical manufacturers. In recent years, ethical standards of marketing strategies conducted by pharmaceutical manufacturers have declined significantly which raises the question of healthcare quality. The conventional way of pharmaceutical marketing is widely accepted by Muslims and non-Muslims around the world. Limited studies have been conducted so far to establish Islamic marketing mechanism in pharmaceutical business as Islam is the answer to all questions of our lives and beyond. This paper theoretically proposed the relation of pharmaceutical marketing strategies with quality healthcare service for patient’s satisfaction and investigated it with primary data. It also highlights the mediating effect of Islamic marketing mechanism from ethical context. The findings revealed that there is a significant positive relationship exists between pharmaceutical marketing ethics and Islamic marketing mechanism which partially mediates healthcare quality. Also, healthcare quality significantly influences patient satisfaction. The framework developed in this study need to be tested in the future through other social factors. Based on the findings, recommendations for Muslim entrepreneurs are explained at the end