A justiça e o bem na teoria da justiça: uma concepção liberal política e seu contraponto moral

Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Florianópolis, 2013.O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar a justificação elaborada por John Rawls para os princípios de justiça dirigidos à estrutura básica de uma sociedade democrática, que integram a sua concepção liberal igualitária eminentemente política. Rawls enfrenta, com sua Teoria da Justiça, a questão filosófica de como se fundamenta uma base de justificação pública para que os cidadãos de uma sociedade democrática possam alcançar acordos políticos sobre questões fundamentais que estruturam a vida comum, apesar de professarem doutrinas morais abrangentes diversas e incompatíveis entre si. Para Rawls, essa finalidade se alcança por meio do estabelecimento de uma concepção liberal pública e política. Em seguida, será apresentado como a concepção liberal defendida por Ronald Dworkin faz contraponto à de Rawls, especialmente no que se refere ao modo de suas justificações, uma vez que Dworkin, com o seu liberalismo abrangente, ao contrário de Rawls, defende uma concepção de justiça moralmente justificada The objective of this paper is to present the justification developed by John Rawls to the principles of justice directed to the basic structure of a democratic society, which integrate his liberal egalitarian conception, eminently political. Rawls faces, with his Theory of Justice, the philosophical question of how to justify a public basis of justification, so that citizens of a democratic society can reach political agreements on fundamental issues that structure ordinary life, despite professing diverse and incompatible comprehensive moral doctrines. For Rawls, this purpose is achieved through the establishment of a liberal public conception that is essentially political. Then, it will be presented how the liberal conception defended by Ronald Dworkin contrast to the Rawls one, especially in respect to the method of their justifications, as Dworkin, with its comprehensive liberalism, unlike Rawls, defends a conception of justice morally justifie

Health Care Workers’ Sick Leave due to COVID-19 Vaccination in Context With SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Quarantine—A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Survey

Background Reactogenicity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines can result in inability to work. The object of this study was to evaluate health care workers’ sick leave after COVID-19 vaccination and to compare it with sick leave due to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and quarantine leave. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted at Regensburg University Medical Center and 10 teaching hospitals in South-East Germany from July 28 to October 15, 2021. Results Of 2662 participants, 2309 (91.8%) were fully vaccinated without a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Sick leave after first/second vaccination occurred in 239 (10.4%) and 539 (23.3%) participants. In multivariable logistic regression, the adjusted odds ratio for sick leave after first/second vaccination compared with BNT162b2 was 2.26/3.72 for mRNA-1237 (95% CI, 1.28–4.01/1.99–6.96) and 27.82/0.48 for ChAdOx1-S (95% CI, 19.12–40.48/0.24–0.96). The actual median sick leave (interquartile range [IQR]) was 1 (0–2) day after any vaccination. Two hundred fifty-one participants (9.4%) reported a history of SARS-CoV-2 infection (median sick leave [IQR] 14 [10–21] days), 353 (13.3%) were quarantined at least once (median quarantine leave [IQR], 14 [10–14] days). Sick leave due to SARS-CoV-2 infection (4642 days) and quarantine leave (4710 days) accounted for 7.7 times more loss of workforce than actual sick leave after first and second vaccination (1216 days) in all fully vaccinated participants. Conclusions Sick leave after COVID-19 vaccination is frequent and is associated with the vaccine applied. COVID-19 vaccination should reduce the much higher proportion of loss of workforce due to SARS-CoV-2 infection and quarantine

Comparison of Mg/Ca- and alkenone-based sea surface temperature estimates in the fresh water-influenced Gulf of Guinea, eastern equatorial Atlantic

This study presents a comparison of sea surface temperature (SST) estimates based on Mg/Ca ratios of Globigerinoides ruber and alkenone unsaturation index (U37 K′) in core sediment recovered from the Gulf of Guinea, eastern equatorial Atlantic. Mg/Ca- and U37 K′-based SST estimates yield fairly comparable results for the time interval 21,000–14,500 years and for the late Holocene. The early and middle Holocene, however, are largely characterized by a discrepant trend, with warm Mg/Ca and cold U37 K′ based SST estimates. This discrepant SST trend is accompanied by low sea surface salinity estimates (high riverine runoff) and biogenic sediment, which is characterized by high biogenic opal content, low carbonate content, and relatively low alkenone concentration. We hypothesize that the discrepancy in the reconstructed SSTs during the middle and early Holocene presumably suggests a period of elevated riverine input of dissolved silica and dominantly siliceous phytoplankton bloom in a low saline and warm surface water, while alkenone producers were likely prevalent in a season of cold SST and low riverine silica input. This study suggests that changes in the local hydrography and nutrient input have strong influence on the U37 K′-based SST estimate that may be unraveled by combining different SST proxies

EVALUATING POTENTIAL INVESTMENTS IN THE PINK LADY APPLE CULTIVAR UNDER UNCERTAINTY AND IRREVERSIBILITY

Many South African (SA) apple producers are currently considering whether or not to invest in the Pink Lady apple cultivar in response to the changing tastes of international fresh apple consumers. Given uncertainty about Pink Lady apple yields, costs and prices, and that orchard investment costs are irreversible (cannot be fully recovered in the short term), an ex ante version of the Dixit-Pindyck investment model is used to assess the viability of such an investment under uncertainty and irreversibility. This model accounts for uncertainty and irreversibility by raising the orthodox hurdle rate that must be met to justify the orchard investment by an amount that reflects the value of the option to postpone the investment. The results suggest that SA apple producers should only invest in a Pink Lady apple orchard with a 35-year lifespan if the expected annual real rate-of-return is above 10.75%, which is more than double the orthodox real rate of five per cent that is commonly used in capital budgeting analyses. Differences of this level between orthodox and modified hurdle rates have also been reported in recent studies of the adoption of dairy housing technology, and investment in grapefruit orchards, in the United States

Bereshit Hoc Est Liber Genesis : Ad Majorem Dei Gloriam In Publica Exercitatione Hebraico-Scripturistica Analytice, Historice, Dogmatice, Ethice, Ac Polemice Exponendus ; Wirceburgi In Auditorio Theologico Die 6. Februarii 1760. A Medio 2dae Pomeridianae

Praeside Jacobo Hardmann .... M. Georgio Wiesner ...Autopsie nach Ex. der ULB DüsseldorfVorlageform der Veröffentlichungsangabe: Wirceburgi, Typis Viduae Joann. Jacobi Christoph. Kleyer, Universitatis Typographi. []r Wolffg. Christoph. Kohles, p. t. FactoremErstes Wort des Sachtitels in Hebr. Schrift (Bereshit)Universität Würzburg, Dissertation, 6. Febr. 176