Die Gattung Aspicilia, ihre Ableitungen nebst Bemerkungen tiber cryptolecanorine Ascocarporganisation bei anderen Genera der Lecanorales (Ascomycetes lichenisati).

Innerhalb der Gattung Aspicilia coll. werden einige Evolutionslinien aufgezeigt und taxonomische wie nomenklatorische Konsequenzen für gewtihnlich als Sphaerothallia Nees bezeichnete Arten werden diskutiert. Lobothallia (Clauzade & Roux) Hafellner wird in den Gattungsrang erhoben und folgende neue Kombinationen werden vorgeschlagen: Lobythallia alphoplaca (Wahlenb. in Ach) Haf., Lobothallia melanaspis (Ach) Haf., Lobothallia praeradiosa (NYL.) Haf. und Lobothallia radiosa (Hoffm.)Haf.Some evolutionary lines are shown within Aspicilia coll, and the taxonomical and nomenclatural consequences for species commonly classified in Sphaerothallia Nees are discussed. The generic rank (Lobothallia (Clauzade & Roux) Hafellner) is proposed for the Aspicilia radiosa group and the following new combinations are introduced: Lobothallia alphoplaca (Wahlenb. in Ach.)Haf., Lobothallia melanaspis (Ach.)Haf., Lobothallia praeradiosa (Nyl.)Haf. and Lobothallia radiosa (Hoffm.)Ha

Die Gattung Aspicilia, ihre Ableitungen nebst Bemerkungen tiber cryptolecanorine Ascocarporganisation bei anderen Genera der Lecanorales (Ascomycetes lichenisati)

Some evolutionary lines are shown within Aspicilia coll, and the taxonomical and nomenclatural consequences for species commonly classified in Sphaerothallia Nees are discussed. The generic rank (Lobothallia (Clauzade & Roux) Hafellner) is proposed for the Aspicilia radiosa group and the following new combinations are introduced: Lobothallia alphoplaca (Wahlenb. in Ach.)Haf., Lobothallia melanaspis (Ach.)Haf., Lobothallia praeradiosa (Nyl.)Haf. and Lobothallia radiosa (Hoffm.) Haf.Innerhalb der Gattung Aspicilia coll. werden einige Evolutionslinien aufgezeigt und taxonomische wie nomenklatorische Konsequenzen für gewtihnlich als Sphaerothallia Nees bezeichnete Arten werden diskutiert. Lobothallia (Clauzade & Roux) Hafellner wird in den Gattungsrang erhoben und folgende neue Kombinationen werden vorgeschlagen: Lobythallia alphoplaca (Wahlenb. in Ach) Haf., Lobothallia melanaspis (Ach) Haf., Lobothallia praeradiosa (NYL.) Haf. und Lobothallia radiosa (Hoffm.) Haf

2: Species on Lecanora s. l., Rhizoplaca and Squamarina

Abstract A study on the taxonomy, morphology and anatomy of the lichenicolous species of the genus Cercidospora (Dothideales, incertae sedis) growing on lichens of the genera Lecanora (Lecanoraceae), specifically of the L. polytropa group and the L. saxicola group (i.e. L. muralis sensu auct. group, Protoparmeliopsis spp.), Rhizoplaca (Lecanoraceae) and Squamarina (Stereocaulaceae) is presented. The following species are proposed as new: Cercidospora barrenoana on Rhizoplaca peltata, and C. melanophthalmae on Rhizoplaca melanophthalma. C. stenotropae is proposed provisionally; this fungus grows on Lecanora stenotropa and other taxa of the L. polytropa group. A key for the species of the genus Cercidospora treated is provided

Towards a checklist of the lichens of the Alps

The Alps are one of the largest continuous natural areas in Europe, stretching approximately 1,200 kilometres across eight countries, and including fourteen national parks. The Alpine Convention emphasizes the importance of this area and encourages transnational research and conservation projects. Lichens as unique models of fungal symbioses with macroscopically recognizable, light-exposed individuals are important colonizers of rock, soil and plant material, and they are a dominant symbiotic life form of higher altitudes in the Alps. National checklists or catalogues exist for Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland. The compilation of a catalogue of the lichenized fungi of the Alps is a long overdue task and will enable us to compare, for instance, the genera or species diversity of the Alps with those of other mountain systems of the world. We have summarized the abundant but scattered baseline information on lichen biodiversity in the Alps, which will lead to a transnational inventory of all lichen taxa (c. 3,000), including data on their horizontal and vertical distribution and their ecology. This information will be of use for experts, decision-makers, and citizen scientists

Sphaerellothecium pumilum comb. nov. (hongos liquenícolas, Dothideomycetes), un nombre prioritario sobre S. aipolium

Por las características del hamatecio, se propone como nueva combinación Sphaerellothecium pumilum (Lettau) Nav.-Ros., Cl. Roux et Hafellner, para incluir Stigmidium pumilum (Lettau) Matzer et Hafellner. Sphaerellothecium aipolium Vouaux ex Nav.-Ros. et Cl. Roux es considerado un sinónimo de este taxón. Se comenta la repartición geográfica conocida de esta especie y se discuten algunos aspectos de su morfología. Sphaerellothecium pumilum se menciona por primera vez para Liechtenstein, Rumanía, Armenia, Mongolia, Nepal y Canadá.Because of the characteristics of the hamathecium, Sphaerellothecium pumilum (Lettau) Nav.-Ros., Cl. Roux et Hafellner is proposed as a new combination, to include Stigmidium pumilum (Lettau) Matzer and Hafellner. Sphaerellothecium aipolium Vouaux ex Nav.-Ros. et Cl. Roux is considered a synonym of this taxon. The current distribution of this species and some unclear aspects of its morphology are discussed. Sphaerellothecium pumilum is reported as new for Liechtenstein, Romania, Armenia, Mongolia, Nepal and Canada

Refining the picture: new records to the lichen biota of Italy

Based on the analysis of both historical and recent collections, this paper reports an annotated list of taxa which are new to the lichen biota of Italy or of its administrative regions. Specimens were identified using a dissecting and a compound microscope; routine chemical spot tests and standardized thin-layer chromatography (TLC or HPTLC). The list includes 225 records of 153 taxa. Twenty taxa are new to Italy, the others are new to one or more administrative regions, with 15 second records and 5 third records for Italy. Some of the species belong to recently-described taxa, others are poorly known, sterile or ephemeral lichens which were largely overlooked in Italy. Several species are actually rare, either because of the rarity of their habitats (e.g. old-growth forests), or because in Italy they are at the margins of their bioclimatic distribution. The picture of the lichen biota of Italy has now new pixels, but its grain is still coarse. Further analysis of historical collections, increased efforts in the exploration of some areas, and the taxonomic revision of critical groups are still necessary to provide more complete distributional data for new biogeographic hypotheses, taxonomic and ecological research, and biodiversity conservation

A hotspot of lichen diversity and lichenological research in the Alps: the Paneveggio-Pale di San Martino Natural Park (Italy)

A checklist of 916 lichenised taxa is reported from the Paneveggio-Pale di San Martino Natural Park and its surroundings (Trentino-Alto Adige, N Italy), based on 7351 records from: (a) 72 literature sources, (b) eight public and private herbaria and (c) field observations by some of the authors. The study area appears as a hotspot of lichen diversity, hosting 30.1% of the lichen biota of the Alps in a territory that has 0.064% of their total surface area. This is mainly due to its high climatical, geological and orographic heterogeneity, but also to the long history of lichenological exploration, that started in the 19th century with Ferdinand Arnold and is still ongoing. The present work highlights the importance of detailed species inventories to support knowledge of biodiversity patterns, taxonomy and ecology and to properly address conservation issues. Fuscidea mollis var. caesioalbescens, Hydropunctaria scabra, Protoparmelia badia var. cinereobadia and Variospora paulii are new to Italy, 18 other taxa are new to Trentino-Alto Adige

Iron localization in Acarospora colonizing schist on Signy Island

A small, inconspicuous lichen, Acarospora cf. badiofusca, was discovered colonizing ironstained quartz mica schists on the lower slope of Manhaul Rock, a recently exposed nunatak on the McLeod Glacier, Signy Island, South Orkney Islands. Thallus colour ranged from rust on exposed rock surfaces to paler orange and green in shaded crevices. This study addressed the hypothesis that colour reflects element localization, and considered substance localization within lichen tissues and responses to stress. Electron microprobe analysis of specimens confirmed that Fe is localized principally in the outer rust-coloured part of the cortex, confirming that the colour reflects Fe localization. Oxalates, widely reported as contributing to tolerance mechanisms to environmental stress, were not detected using X-ray diffraction. The upper thallus surface consisted of sub-micron particulate phases containing Fe, Al and O, suggesting mixed oxide/ hydroxide phases are present and play a role in photoprotection

The lichens of the Alps \u2013 an annotated checklist

This is the first attempt to provide an overview of the lichen diversity of the Alps, one of the biogegraphically most important and emblematic mountain systems worldwide. The checklist includes all lichenised species, plus a set of non- or doubtfully lichenised taxa frequently treated by lichenologists, excluding non-lichenised lichenicolous fungi. Largely based on recent national or regional checklists, it provides a list of all infrageneric taxa (with synonyms) hitherto reported from the Alps, with data on their distribution in eight countries (Austria, France, Germany, Liechtenstein, Monaco, Italy, Slovenia, Switzerland) and in 42 Operational Geographic Units, mostly corresponding to administrative subdivisions within the countries. Data on the main substrates and on the altitudinal distribution are also provided. A short note points to the main ecological requirements of each taxon and/or to open taxonomic problems. Particularly poorly known taxa are flagged and often provided with a short description, to attract the attention of specialists. The total number of infrageneric taxa is 3,163, including 117 non- or doubtfully lichenised taxa. The richness of the lichen biota fairly well corresponds with the percent of the Alpine area occupied by each country: Austria (2,337 taxa), Italy (2,169), France (2,028), Switzerland (1,835), Germany (1,168), Slovenia (890) and Lichtenstein (152), no lichen having ever been reported from Monaco. The number of poorly known taxa is quite high (604, 19.1% of the total), which indicates that, in spite of the Alps being one of the lichenologically most studied mountain systems worldwide, much work is still needed to reach a satisfactory picture of their real lichen diversity. Thirteen new combinations are proposed in the genera Agonimia, Aspicilia, Bagliettoa, Bellemerea, Carbonea, Lepra, Miriquidica, Polysporina, Protothelenella, Pseudosagedia and Thelidium

Diversity and Functional Traits of Lichens in Ultramafic Areas: A Literature Based Worldwide Analysis Integrated by Field Data at the Regional Scale

While higher plant communities found on ultramafics are known to display peculiar characteristics, the distinguishability of any peculiarity in lichen communities is still a matter of contention. Other biotic or abiotic factors, rather than substrate chemistry, may contribute to differences in species composition reported for lichens on adjacent ultramafic and non-ultramafic areas. This work examines the lichen biota of ultramafics, at global and regional scales, with reference to species-specific functional traits. An updated world list of lichens on ultramafic substrates was analyzed to verify potential relationships between diversity and functional traits of lichens in different Köppen–Geiger climate zones. Moreover, a survey of diversity and functional traits in saxicolous communities on ultramafic and non-ultramafic substrates was conducted in Valle d’Aosta (North-West Italy) to verify whether a relationship can be detected between substrate and functional traits that cannot be explained by other environmental factors related to altitude. Analyses (unweighted pair group mean average clustering, canonical correspondence analysis, similarity-difference-replacement simplex approach) of global lichen diversity on ultramafic substrates (2314 reports of 881 taxa from 43 areas) displayed a zonal species distribution in different climate zones rather than an azonal distribution driven by the shared substrate. Accordingly, variations in the frequency of functional attributes reflected reported adaptations to the climate conditions of the different geographic areas. At the regional scale, higher similarity and lower species replacement were detected at each altitude, independent from the substrate, suggesting that altitude-related climate factors prevail over putative substrate–factors in driving community assemblages. In conclusion, data do not reveal peculiarities in lichen diversity or the frequency of functional traits in ultramafic areas