13 research outputs found
Estudio exploratorio de evaluaciĂłn de la accesibilidad en la ciudad capital de El Salvador
he Metropolitan Area of San Salvador (AMSS by spanish meaning) is composed by fourteen municipalities, including San Salvador, which is the capital municipality of El Salvador. This condition has resulted in the consolidation of a large number of urban services and facilities over time for the population of this municipality and outside of it; this influences the supply of public transport and the mobilization with private transport, making it an interesting space for analyzing the level of accessibility to different urban services. Given the diversity of approaches, methodologies and techniques aimed at measuring accessibility, this exploratory study aims to determine which variables are sensitive to the results of the assessment of the level of accessibility to urban facilities through private and public transport, but with an emphasis on the latter, for the specific case of San Salvador. For this purpose, this work build a definition of an accessibility approach and geographic database too adapted to the Salvadoran reality, a analysis of networks it is developed through geographic information systems and finally it is defined a series of key elements is presented as a result of valuing the level of accessibility to urban facilities within the Salvadoran urban context.El AÌrea Metropolitana de San Salvador (AMSS) estaÌ integrada por catorce municipios, entre ellos San Salvador que es el municipio capital de El Salvador, esta condicioÌn ha hecho que a traveÌs del tiempo se consolide una gran cantidad de servicios y equipamientos urbanos para la poblacioÌn del municipio y fuera de eÌste; esto influye en la oferta de transporte puÌblico y la movilizacioÌn con transporte privado, convirtieÌndolo en un interesante espacio de anaÌlisis del nivel de accesibilidad hacia los diferentes servicios urbanos. Dada la diversidad de enfoques, metodologiÌas y teÌcnicas orientadas a la medicioÌn de la accesibilidad, este estudio exploratorio tiene por objetivo determinar queÌ variables son sensibles ante los resultados de la evaluacioÌn del nivel de accesibilidad a los equipamientos urbanos a traveÌs del transporte privado y puÌblico, pero haciendo eÌnfasis en este uÌltimo, para el caso especiÌfico de San Salvador. Para ello se recurre a la definicioÌn de un enfoque adaptado a la realidad salvadorenÌa, construccioÌn de base de datos, anaÌlisis de redes a traveÌs de sistemas de informacioÌn geograÌfica, finalmente, se presenta como resultado una serie de elementos claves al momento de valorizar el nivel de accesibilidad a los equipamientos urbanos dentro del contexto urbano salvadorenÌo
Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry
Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and lowâmiddle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of âsingle-useâ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for lowâmiddle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both highâ and lowâmiddleâincome countries
Estudio exploratorio de evaluaciĂłn de la accesibilidad en la ciudad capital de El Salvador
The Metropolitan Area of San Salvador (AMSS by spanish meaning) is composed by fourteen municipalities, including San Salvador, which is the capital municipality of El Salvador. This condition has resulted in the consolidation of a large number of urban services and facilities over time for the population of this municipality and outside of it; this influences the supply of public transport and the mobilization with private transport, making it an interesting space for analyzing the level of accessibility to different urban services. Given the diversity of approaches, methodologies and techniques aimed at measuring accessibility, this exploratory study aims to determine which variables are sensitive to the results of the assessment of the level of accessibility to urban facilities through private and public transport, but with an emphasis on the latter, for the specific case of San Salvador. For this purpose, this work build a definition of an accessibility approach and geographic database too adapted to the Salvadoran reality, a analysis of networks it is developed through geographic information systems and finally it is defined a series of key elements is presented as a result of valuing the level of accessibility to urban facilities within the Salvadoran urban context.El Ărea Metropolitana de San Salvador (AMSS) estĂĄ integrada por catorce municipios, entre ellos San Salvador que es el municipio capital de El Salvador, esta condiciĂłn ha hecho que a travĂ©s del tiempo se consolide una gran cantidad de servicios y equipamientos urbanos para la poblaciĂłn del municipio y fuera de Ă©ste; esto influye en la oferta de transporte pĂșblico y la movilizaciĂłn con transporte privado, convirtiĂ©ndolo en un interesante espacio de anĂĄlisis del nivel de accesibilidad hacia los diferentes servicios urbanos. Dada la diversidad de enfoques, metodologĂas y tĂ©cnicas orientadas a la mediciĂłn de la accesibilidad, este estudio exploratorio tiene por objetivo determinar quĂ© variables son sensibles ante los resultados de la evaluaciĂłn del nivel de accesibilidad a los equipamientos urbanos a travĂ©s del transporte privado y pĂșblico, pero haciendo Ă©nfasis en este Ășltimo, para el caso especĂfico de San Salvador. Para ello se recurre a la definiciĂłn de un enfoque adaptado a la realidad salvadoreña, construcciĂłn de base de datos, anĂĄlisis de redes a travĂ©s de sistemas de informaciĂłn geogrĂĄfica, finalmente, se presenta como resultado una serie de elementos claves al momento de valorizar el nivel de accesibilidad a los equipamientos urbanos dentro del contexto urbano salvadoreño
Relative risk (RR) of macrosomia by state, Mexico, 2020.
Relative risk (RR) of macrosomia by state, Mexico, 2020.</p
Incidence of fetal macrosomia according to maternal and newborn characteristics.
Incidence of fetal macrosomia according to maternal and newborn characteristics.</p
FM incidence in live births in Mexico at the state level in males, 2020.
FM incidence in live births in Mexico at the state level in males, 2020.</p
National and state incidence of fetal macrosomia, Mexico 2020.
National and state incidence of fetal macrosomia, Mexico 2020.</p
FM incidence in live births in Mexico at the state level in females, 2020.
FM incidence in live births in Mexico at the state level in females, 2020.</p
Ciencia OdontolĂłgica
Es para los integrantes de la Red de InvestigaciĂłn en EstomatologĂa (RIE) una enorme alegrĂa presentar el primero de una serie de 5 libros sobre casos clĂnicos, revisiones de la literatura e investigaciones. La RIE estĂĄ integrada por cuerpos acadĂ©micos de la Universidad AutĂłnoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Universidad AutĂłnoma del Estado de MĂ©xico, Universidad AutĂłnoma de Campeche y Universidad de Guadalajara