168 research outputs found
Patienten-kontrollierte Epiduralanalgesie versus intravenöse Analgesie zur Schmerztherapie nach Sectio caesarea:prospektiv-randomisierte klinische Studie
Zwei Verfahren zur Schmerztherapie nach geplanter Sectio caesarea wurden hinsichtlich AnalgesiequalitÀt, Nebenwirkungen und Patientinnenzufriedenheit verglichen. Alle Patientinnen erhielten zur Sectio eine SpinalanÀsthesie mit Bupivacain. 25 Patientinnen erhielten postoperativ eine kontinuierliche intravenöse Novaminsulfoninfusion und bei Bedarf Piritramid intramuskulÀr (SPA-Gruppe). Die anderen 25 Patientinnen erhielten postoperativ eine kontinuierliche patienten-kontrollierte Epiduralanalgesie mit Bupivacain und Sufentanil und bei Bedarf Boli der Mischung (CSE-Gruppe). Die SchmerzquantitÀt in Ruhe und beim Husten war signifikant niedriger in der CSE-Gruppe. Die Schmerzerleichterung nach Bolusgabe war signifikant besser als nach Gabe von Piritamid. MobilitÀts- und SensibilitÀtseinschrÀnkungen kamen signifikant hÀufiger in der CSE-Gruppe vor. Andere Nebenwirkungen waren selten. 88% der Patientinnen aus der CSE-Gruppe und 76% aus der SPA-Gruppe waren "sehr zufrieden" mit der Analgesie
The UV-A and visible solar irradiance spectrum: inter-comparison of absolutely calibrated, spectrally medium resolution solar irradiance spectra from balloon- and satellite-borne measurements
International audienceWithin the framework of the ENVISAT/-SCIAMACHY satellite validation, solar irradiance spectra are absolutely measured at moderate resolution in the UV/visible spectral range (in the UV from 316.7â418 nm and the visible from 400â652 nm at a full width half maximum resolution of 0.55 nm and 1.48 nm, respectively) from aboard the azimuth-controlled LPMA/DOAS balloon gondola at around 32 km balloon float altitude. After accounting for the atmospheric extinction due to Rayleigh scattering and gaseous absorption (O3, and NO2), the measured solar spectra are compared with previous observations. Our solar irradiance is +1.6% larger than the re-calibrated Kurucz et al. (1984) solar spectrum (Fontenla et al., 1999, called MODTRAN 3.5) in the visible spectral range (435â650 nm), +1.5% larger in the (370â415 nm) wavelength interval, but -4% smaller in the UV spectral range (316.7â370 nm), when the Kurucz spectrum is convolved to the spectral resolution of our instrument. The same comparison with the SOLSPEC solar spectrum (Thuillier et al., 1997, 1998a, b) confirms the somewhat larger solar irradiance (+1.7%) measured by the balloon instrument from 435â500 nm, but not from 500â650 nm, where the SOLSPEC is -1.3% lower than MODTRAN 3.5. Comparison of the SCIAMACHY solar spectrum from channels 1 to 4 (â re-calibrated by the University of Bremen â) with MODTRAN 3.5 indicates an agreement of +0.2% in the visible spectral range (435â585 nm). With this calibration, the SCIAMACHY solar spectrum is congruent with the balloon observations (-1%) in the 316.7â370 nm wavelength range, but both are up to -5%/-3% smaller than MODTRAN 3.5 and SOLSPEC, respectively. In agreement with findings of Skupin et al. (2002) our study emphasizes that the present ESA SCIAMACHY level 1 calibration is systematically +15% larger in the considered wavelength intervals when compared to all available other solar irradiance measurements
Machine Learning to Detect Alzheimer's Disease from Circulating Non-coding RNAs
Blood-borne small non-coding (sncRNAs) are among the prominent candidates for blood-based diagnostic tests. Often, high-throughput approaches are applied to discover biomarker signatures. These have to be validated in larger cohorts and evaluated by adequate statistical learning approaches. Previously, we published high-throughput sequencing based microRNA (miRNA) signatures in Alzheimerâs disease (AD) patients in the United States (US) and Germany. Here, we determined abundance levels of 21 known circulating miRNAs in 465 individuals encompassing AD patients and controls by RT-qPCR. We computed models to assess the relation between miRNA expression and phenotypes, gender, age, or disease severity (Mini-Mental State Examination; MMSE). Of the 21 miRNAs, expression levels of 20 miRNAs were consistently de-regulated in the US and German cohorts. 18 miRNAs were significantly correlated with neurodegeneration (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted PâŻ<âŻ0.05) with highest significance for miR-532-5p (Benjamini-Hochberg adjusted PâŻ=âŻ4.8âŻĂâŻ10â30). Machine learning models reached an area under the curve (AUC) value of 87.6% in differentiating AD patients from controls. Further, ten miRNAs were significantly correlated with MMSE, in particular miR-26a/26b-5p (adjusted PâŻ=âŻ0.0002). Interestingly, the miRNAs with lower abundance in AD were enriched in monocytes and T-helper cells, while those up-regulated in AD were enriched in serum, exosomes, cytotoxic t-cells, and B-cells. Our study represents the next important step in translational research for a miRNA-based AD test
The High-Resolution Solar Reference Spectrum between 250 and 550 nm and its Application to Measurements with the Ozone Monitoring Instrument
Der Zugang der Ăffentlichkeit zu umweltbezogenen Informationen - Das US-amerikanische Vorbild und die Entwicklungen auf europĂ€ischer Ebene
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