Nasjonalbergarten larvikitt: ny E18 ved Farriseidet på hvelvbru og tørrmurer

Ideen som presenteres i rapporten er en bruløsning basert på bergarten larvikitt. Den nye brua på E18 forbi Farriseidet vil i kraft av sin størrelse og plassering bli monumental, og den kan derfor være en ypperlig anledning til å presentere larvikitten i Larvik. Det er mulig - både geoteknisk og bruteknisk - å bygge ei steinhvelvbru over Farriseidet

Søkernes holdninger og reaksjoner på seleksjonsprosedyrer: En undersøkelse av opptakene til flygerutdanningen i det norske Luftforsvaret og ved Universitetet i Tromsø

Hensikten med denne studien var å kartlegge hvordan søkerne opplevde seleksjonsprosessen til flygerutdanningen i det norske Luftforsvaret og ved Universitetet i Tromsø. Videre hvordan søkerne vurderte ulike aspekter ved seleksjonsprosessen og hvordan holdninger var relatert til prestasjoner på kognitive tester, organisasjonstilknytning og opplevd rettferdighet. Et annet mål var å sammenligne de ulike metodene med hensyn til opplevd prediktiv validitet, om metodene var påtrengende, og rettferdighet. Et spørreskjema ble besvart av 176 søkere til flygerutdanningen i det norske Luftforsvaret og ved Universitet i Tromsø. Kandidatene rapporterte å bli godt behandlet og respektert. Hovedfunnene var at holdninger til seleksjonsprosessen var relatert til organisasjonsforpliktelse. I tillegg var opplevelsen av at metodene var rettferdige i stor grad relatert til opplevelsen av at metodene var godt egnet til å predikere flygerprestasjon

Understanding the lives of care-experienced young people in Denmark, England and Norway

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Numerical modeling of the effect of carbon dioxide sequestration on the rate of pressure solution creep in limestone: preliminary results.

When carbon dioxide (CO2) is injected into an aquifer or a depleted geological reservoir, its dissolution into solution results in acidification of the pore waters. As a consequence, the pore waters become more reactive, which leads to enhanced dissolution-precipitation processes and a modification of the mechanical and hydrological properties of the rock. This effect is especially important for limestones given that the solubility and reactivity of carbonates is strongly dependent on pH and the partial pressure of CO2. The main mechanism that couples dissolution, precipitation and rock matrix deformation is commonly referred to as intergranular pressure solution creep (IPS) or pervasive pressure solution creep (PSC). This process involves dissolution at intergranular grain contacts subject to elevated stress, diffusion of dissolved material in an intergranular fluid, and precipitation in pore spaces subject to lower stress. This leads to an overall and pervasive reduction in porosity due to both grain indentation and precipitation in pore spaces. The percolation of CO2-rich fluids may influence on-going compaction due to pressure solution and can therefore potentially affect the reservoir and its long-term CO2 storage capacity. We aim at quantifying this effect by using a 2D numerical model to study the coupling between dissolution-precipitation processes, local mass transfer, and deformation of the rock over long time scales. We show that high partial pressures of dissolved CO2 (up to 30 MPa) significantly increase the rates of compaction by a factor of 50 to 75, and also result in a concomitant decrease in the viscosity of the rock matrix

Exercise-induced changes in body fat, upper leg skeletal muscle area, BMI and body weight in overweight people with risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes

The study compared effects of maximal resistance training (MRT) versus endurance resistance training (ERT) in overweight people at risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes. Dependent variables included changes in body fat %, upper leg skeletal muscle area (left + right), BMI and body weight pre-to post intervention. Eighteen individuals, 33-69 years of age, were randomly assigned to one of two groups. Group 1 engaged in MRT three days/week over a four month period while members of Group 2 acted as controls. Later, Group 2 engaged in ERT three days/week over a four month period and the members acted as their own controls. Both interventions consisted of eight exercises. Pre- to post changes were significant for MRT with a reduction in BMI (p=0.013) and body weight (p=0.010), while percentage of body fat was significantly reduced (p=0.009) and skeletal muscle area increased (p=0.021) with ERT. The results support both approaches as interventions in primary prevention of obesity and consequently in reducing risk of Type 2 Diabetes

Changes in pulmonary function and feasibility of portable continuous laryngoscopy during maximal uphill running

Objective To evaluate changes in pulmonary function and feasibility of portable continuous laryngoscopy during maximal uphill running. Methods Healthy volunteers participated in an uphill race. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were obtained before and 5 and 10 min after finishing the race. Capillary blood lactate concentration ([BLa-]) and Borg score for perceived exertion were registered immediately after the race. One participant wore a portable video-laryngoscope during the race, and the video was assessed for technical performance. Results Twenty adult subjects participated with a mean (SD) age of 40.2 (9.7) years. Mean (SD) race duration and post-exercise [BLa-] was 13.9 (2.3) min and 10.7 (2.1) mmol/L, respectively, and the median (range) Borg score for perceived exertion was 9 (5–10). Mean percentage change (95% CI) 5 and 10 min post-exercise in FEV1 were 6.9 (3.7 to 10.2) % and 5.9 (2.7 to 9.0) %, respectively, and in FVC 5.2 (2.3 to 8.1) % and 4.7 (1.6 to 7.9) %, respectively. The recorded video of the larynx was of good quality. Conclusions Maximal aerobic field exercise induced bronchodilatation in the majority of the healthy non-asthmatic participants. It is feasible to perform continuous video-laryngoscopy during heavy uphill exercise.publishedVersio

Systematiske litteratursøk til salgs: Ny tjeneste fra biblioteket

AbstractThe popularity of the review article as a publication type has increased dramatically during the last decades. As the number of single studies published each year has reached staggering heights, the need to summarize or synthesize these has proportionally increased. As one of their core services libraries throughout Norway provides access for their users to as much of the published research as possible. Unfortunately, that is not equivalent to enabling the users to locate relevant research. This is a challenge often requiring a special skill set and expertise in literature searching, both which is often found among specialized librarians. Requests from researchers at OsloMet – Oslo Metropolitan University (formerly Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences) for assistance from the librarians in performing systematic literature searches was the basis in developing the literature search service described in this article. How a typical request for a literature search is handled, what the product comprises and which aspects that will be prioritized in the future is expounded. Furthermore, the authors describe some of the experiences in launching this service as a service charging the researchers for librarian assistance on an hourly basis. Finally, challenges and unresolved issues are commented on.    

The Association Between Female Genital Schistosomiasis and Other Infections of the Lower Genital Tract in Adolescent Girls and Young Women: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Africa

This study aimed to explore the relationship between female genital schistosomiasis (FGS), sexually transmitted infections, bacterial vaginosis, and yeast among young women living in Schistosoma haematobium-endemic areas. In a cross-sectional study of young women, sexually active, aged 16 to 22 years in rural KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa, in 32 randomly selected rural schools in schistosomiasis-endemic areas, the authors performed gynecological and laboratory investigations, diagnosed FGS and other infections, and did face-to-face interviews.publishedVersio

Evaluating diagnostic indicators of urogenital Schistosoma haematobium infection in young women: A cross sectional study in rural South Africa.

BACKGROUND: Urine microscopy is the standard diagnostic method for urogenital S. haematobium infection. However, this may lead to under-diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis, as the disease may present itself with genital symptoms in the absence of ova in the urine. Currently there is no single reliable and affordable diagnostic method to diagnose the full spectrum of urogenital S. haematobium infection. In this study we explore the classic indicators in the diagnosis of urogenital S. haematobium infection, with focus on young women. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study of 1237 sexually active young women in rural South Africa, we assessed four diagnostic indicators of urogenital S. haematobium infection: microscopy of urine, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of cervicovaginal lavage (CVL), urogenital symptoms, and sandy patches detected clinically in combination with computerised image analysis of photocolposcopic images. We estimated the accuracy of these diagnostic indicators through the following analyses: 1) cross tabulation (assumed empirical gold standard) of the tests against the combined findings of sandy patches and/or computerized image analysis and 2) a latent class model of the four indicators without assuming any gold standard. RESULTS: The empirical approach showed that urine microscopy had a sensitivity of 34.7% and specificity of 75.2% while the latent class analysis approach (LCA) suggested a sensitivity of 81.0% and specificity of 85.6%. The empirical approach and LCA showed that Schistosoma PCR in CVL had low sensitivity (14.1% and 52.4%, respectively) and high specificity (93.0% and 98.0, respectively). Using LCA, the presence of sandy patches showed a sensitivity of 81.6 and specificity of 42.4%. The empirical approach and LCA showed that urogenital symptoms had a high sensitivity (89.4% and 100.0%, respectively), whereas specificity was low (10.6% and 12.3%, respectively). CONCLUSION: All the diagnostic indicators used in the study had limited accuracy. Using urine microscopy or Schistosoma PCR in CVL would only confirm a fraction of the sandy patches found by colposcopic examination