Mis tardes con el maestro Fernando Soto Aparicio

Este artículo se constituye en la base para dejar constancia de las enseñanzas, experiencia de vida y sabiduría adquirida por el Maestro Fernando Soto Aparicio y que quiere compartir con la humanidad a través de unos breves coloquios que sobre la vida y otros asuntos de cierta profundidad ha sostenido a lo largo de un año con la autora, en el breve espacio de un escritorio compartido en horas laborales en la Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Departamento de Educación y Humanidades”

Interplay between MexAB-OprM and MexEF-OprN in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

MexAB-OprM and MexEF-OprN are Pseudomonas aeruginosa efflux pumps involved in the development of antibiotic resistance. Several studies developed with laboratory strains or using a few clinical isolates have reported that the regulation system of MexEF-OprN is involved in the final levels of MexAB-OprM expression. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the interplay between MexAB-OprM and MexEF-OprN in 90 out of 190 P. aeruginosa clinical isolates with an efflux pump overexpression phenotype. Regarding oprD, 33% (30/90) of isolates displayed relevant modifications (RM) defined as frameshift or premature stop, both related to carbapenem resistance. On the other hand, 33% of the isolates displayed RM in nalC, nalD or mexR, which were significantly associated with multidrug resistance (MDR), non-susceptibility to carbapenems, OprD alterations and strong biofilm production. Meanwhile, the RM in MexS were associated with presence of pigment (p = 0.004). Otherwise, when all the regulators were analysed together, the association between RM in MexAB-OprM regulators and MDR was only significant (p = 0.039) when mexS was the wild type. These data show the modulatory effect of MexEF-OprN on MexAB-OprM in a clinical population of P. aeruginosa. Further studies may contribute to design of novel molecules acting on this interplay to fight against antimicrobial resistance

Aerial robotics in building inspection and maintenance

Buildings need periodic revision about their state, materials degrade with time and repairs or renewals have to be made driven by maintenance needs or safety requirements. That happens with any kind of buildings and constructions: housing, architecture masterpieces, old and ancient buildings and industrial buildings. Currently, nearly all of these tasks are carried out by human intervention. In order to carry out the inspection or maintenance, humans need to access to roofs, façades or other areas hard to reach and otherwise potentially hazardous location to perform the task. In some cases, it might not be feasible to access for inspection. For instance, in industry buildings operation must be often interrupted to allow for safe execution of such tasks; these shutdowns not only lead to substantial production loss, but the shutdown and start-up operation itself causes risks to human and environment. In touristic buildings, access has to be restricted with the consequent losses and inconveniences to visitors. The use of aerial robots can help to perform this kind of hazardous operations in an autonomous way, not only teleoperated. Robots are able to carry sensors to detect failures of many types and to locate them in a previously generated map, which the robot uses to navigate. Some of those sensors are cameras in different spectra (visual, near-infrared, UV), laser, LIDAR, ultrasounds and inertial sensory system. If the sensory part is crucial to inspect hazardous areas in buildings, the actuation is also important: the aerial robot can carry small robots (mainly crawler) to be deployed to perform more in-depth operation where the contact between the sensors and the material is basic (any kind of metallic part: pipes, roofs, panels…). The aerial robot has the ability to recover the deployed small crawler to be reused again. In this paper, authors will explain the research that they are conducting in this area and propose future research areas and applications with aerial, ground, submarine and other autonomous robots within the construction field.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Percepción de estudiantes universitarios sobre la metodología del Aprendizaje Basado en Equipos (ABE)

Introduction: Team-Based Learning (TBL) is a teaching method whose main objective is improve university students to be able to apply theoretical knowledge to solve problems related to their professional role. That´s why it is necessary to have an instrument that allows to know students’ perception about to accomplish that purpose. Objective: To assess students’ perception about TBL methodology, for which an instrument was designed and validated. Methodology: Based on the sequenced activities of the TBL, items of the instrument were elaborated. It was validated through a procedure by expert judgment. After that, students’ perceptions were assessed through applying the instrument to students who, during a previous school semester, participated in a course carried out with the Team-Based Learning methodology. Results: After the evaluation and the suggestions of the judges, the instrument was made up of 50 items that evaluated the perception of the students regarding the TBL, which was applied to the participating students. The results showed that the participants had a positive perception towards the TBL methodology, qualifying five of the seven evaluated activities as adequate, while in the other two activities they showed neutrality. Conclusions: This investigation come up whit a validated instrument to know the perception of the students regarding the TBL methodology, as well as to demonstrate the positive opinion of the participating sample on this type of teaching.Introducción: El Aprendizaje Basado en Equipos (ABE) es un método de enseñanza cuyo propósito principal es que los alumnos universitarios sean capaces de aplicar los conocimientos teóricos a la resolución de problemas relacionados con su rol profesional. Por ello se requiere contar con un instrumento que permita conocer la percepción de los estudiantes con respecto al cumplimiento de dicho propósito. Objetivo: Evaluar las percepciones de los estudiantes acerca de la metodología ABE, para lo cual se diseñó y validó un instrumento. Metodología: Con base en las actividades secuenciadas del ABE se elaboraron los reactivos del instrumento, y este se validó a través de un procedimiento por juicio de expertos. Luego, para evaluar las percepciones, se procedió a su aplicación con estudiantes que, durante un semestre lectivo previo, participaron en un curso llevado a cabo con la metodología del Aprendizaje Basado en Equipos. Resultados y discusión: Después de la evaluación y las sugerencias de los jueces, el instrumento quedó conformado por 50 reactivos para evaluar la percepción de los alumnos respecto del ABE, siendo aplicado a los estudiantes participantes. Los resultados mostraron una percepción positiva por parte de los participantes hacia la metodología ABE, calificando como adecuadas a cinco de las siete actividades evaluadas, mientras en las otras dos actividades mostraron neutralidad. Conclusiones: Este trabajo aporta un instrumento validado para conocer la percepción de los estudiantes respecto a la metodología ABE, así como evidencias de la opinión positiva, de la muestra participante, sobre este tipo de enseñanza

Los modelos de reducción lítica en Algetares (Algeciras, Cádiz) durante el modo 2 y su contextualización histórica en el ámbito del estrecho de Gibraltar

Este trabajo se centra en la excavación arqueológica desarrollada en el sitio paleolítico de Algetares (Algeciras, Cádiz), donde se analizan el depósito geológico, las materias primas empleadas, sus posibles áreas de captación y los modelos de fabricación de las herramientas de trabajo identificados de una forma tanto sincrónica como diacrónica. Finalmente, se procede a su contextualización en el ámbito del Estrecho de Gibraltar.Our article focuses on the archaeological excavation developed in Algetares’s palaeolithic site (Algeciras, Cadiz),where the geological deposit, raw materials, most likely captation areas and models of tool manufacture identified both synchronously and diachronically were analyzed. Finally, we proceed to contextualize it in the area of the Strait of Gibraltar.</p

Analysis of productions written by a sample of mexican students of First Grade of Secondary School

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las características de los textos redactados por estudiantes mexicanos de primer grado de secundaria. Participaron 150 estudiantes, 75 inscritos en una escuela pública y 75 inscritos en una escuela privada, a quienes se les pidió que escribieran un texto de tema libre. Además, se les presentó un texto que contenía errores ortográficos y sintácticos, solicitándoles que lo revisaran y lo reescribieran sin errores. Los textos fueron analizados con base en una lista de verificación, en la que se incluyeron 18 diferentes tipos de error, agrupados en tres categorías: de sintaxis, ortográficos y de escritura. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de un ANOVA, mostrando que los alumnos de la escuela privada cometieron más errores en sus textos libres, mientras que los alumnos de la escuela pública presentaron más faltas al reelaborar los textos que contenían errores. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos.The objective of the study was to analyze the characteristics of texts written by Mexican students in the first grade of secondary school. 150 students participated, 75 enrolled in a public school and 75 enrolled in a private school, who were asked to write a free topic text. In addition, they were presented with a text that contained spelling and syntactic errors, asking them to check it and rewrite it without errors. The texts were analyzed based on a checklist, which included 18 different types of errors, grouped into three categories: syntax, spelling, and writing. The data were analyzed by means of an ANOVA, showing that the private school students made more errors in their free texts, while public school students presented more mistakes when reworking the texts that contained errors. The implications of these findings are discussed.Grupo de Investigación HUM-672 AREA (Análisis de la Realidad EducativA

Análisis de producciones escritas por una muestra de estudiantes mexicanos de Primer Grado de Secundaria

The objective of the study was to analyze the characteristics of two types of text, written by Mexican first-grade high school students. 150 students participated, 75 enrolled in a public school and 75 enrolled in a private school, who were asked to write a free topic text. In addition, they were presented with a text that contained spelling and syntactic errors, asking them to check it and rewrite it without errors. The texts were analyzed based on a checklist, which included 18 different types of errors, grouped into three categories: syntax, spelling and writing. The data were analyzed by means of an ANOVA, showing that the private school students made more errors in their free texts, while the public school students presented more mistakes when reworking the texts that contained errors. The implications of these findings are discussed.El objetivo del estudio fue analizar las características de los textos redactados por estudiantes mexicanos de primer grado de secundaria. Participaron 150 estudiantes, 75 inscritos en una escuela pública y 75 inscritos en una escuela privada, a quienes se les pidió que escribieran un texto de tema libre. Además, se les presentó un texto que contenía errores ortográficos y sintácticos, solicitándoles que lo revisaran y lo reescribieran sin errores. Los textos fueron analizados con base en una lista de verificación, en la que se incluyeron 18 diferentes tipos de error, agrupados en tres categorías: de sintaxis, ortográficos y de escritura. Los datos fueron analizados por medio de un ANOVA, mostrando que los alumnos de la escuela privada cometieron más errores en sus textos libres, mientras que los alumnos de la escuela pública presentaron más faltas al reelaborar los textos que contenían errores. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos

Postlaunch evidence-generation studies for medical devices in Spain: the RedETS approach to integrate real-world evidence into decision making

The Monitoring Studies (MS) program, the approach developed by RedETS to generate postlaunch real-world evidence (RWE), is intended to complement and enhance the conventional health technology assessment process to support health policy decision making in Spain, besides informing other interested stakeholders, including clinicians and patients. The MS program is focused on specific uncertainties about the real effect, safety, costs, and routine use of new and insufficiently assessed relevant medical devices carefully selected to ensure the value of the additional research needed, by means of structured, controlled, participative, and transparent procedures. However, despite a clear political commitment and economic support from national and regional health authorities, several difficulties were identified along the development and implementation of the first wave of MS, delaying its execution and final reporting. Resolution of these difficulties at the regional and national levels and a greater collaborative impulse in the European Union, given the availability of an appropriate methodological framework already provided by EUnetHTA, might provide a faster and more efficient comparative RWE of improved quality and reliability at the national and international levels

Clinical Presentation, Management, and Evolution of Lymphomas in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An ENEIDA Registry Study

Simple Summary An increased risk of hematological malignancies, mainly lymphomas, has been described in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Because there are scarce data about the management and evolution of lymphomas in patients with IBD, the aim of our study was to analyze these points in those patients with IBD and lymphoma diagnosis included in the prospectively maintained ENEIDA registry of GETECCU. We identified 52 patients (2.4 cases of lymphoma/1000 patients with IBD). We found that most IBD patients had been treated with thiopurines and/or anti-TNF agents before lymphoma diagnosis, and these patients were younger at diagnosis of lymphoma than those not treated with these drugs. Relapse and mortality of lymphoma were not related with these therapies. The five-year survival rate was 85% for non-Hodgkin lymphoma and 84% in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma. An increased risk of lymphoma has been described in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aims of our study were to determine the clinical presentation, the previous exposure to immunosuppressive and biologic therapies, and the evolution of lymphomas in patients with IBD. IBD patients with diagnosis of lymphoma from October 2006 to June 2021 were identified from the prospectively maintained ENEIDA registry of GETECCU. We identified 52 patients (2.4 cases of lymphoma/1000 patients with IBD; 95% CI 1.8-3.1). Thirty-five were men (67%), 52% had ulcerative colitis, 60% received thiopurines, and 38% an anti-TNF drug before lymphoma diagnosis. Age at lymphoma was lower in those patients treated with thiopurines (53 +/- 17 years old) and anti-TNF drugs (47 +/- 17) than in those patients not treated with these drugs (63 +/- 12; p < 0.05). Five cases had relapse of lymphoma (1.7 cases/100 patient-years). Nine patients (17%) died after 19 months (IQR 0-48 months). Relapse and mortality were not related with the type of IBD or lymphoma, nor with thiopurines or biologic therapies. In conclusion, most IBD patients had been treated with thiopurines and/or anti-TNF agents before lymphoma diagnosis, and these patients were younger at diagnosis of lymphoma than those not treated with these drugs. Relapse and mortality of lymphoma were not related with these therapies

Coordinación y promoción del grado en estudios franceses: taller de teatro en lengua francesa

Memoria ID-301. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2013-2014