The repair of foundry defects in steel castings using welding technology

Use of welding technology for the repair of steel castings is particularly common in two areas. These include weld surfacing of protrusions that remained incomplete after casting, or filling the surface defects (cavities). These defects are more common for steel casting than for graphite cast iron, due to the lower fluidity of steel. This article describes a suitable technological process of repairing the defects on the casting using the welding technology. A specimen produced for this purpose was prepared by carving a groove into a cast steel plate 20 GL, which was then filled with a weld metal using MAG (135) technology. The following evaluation of the basic characteristics of the repaired site point to the suitability of the selected technological parameters of the repair procedure. Metallographic evaluation was carried out, further evaluation of mechanical properties by tensile test, bend test and Vickers hardness test. The proposed methodology for the evaluation repair of foundry defects in steel castings also meets the requirements for the approval of welding procedures in accordance with the relevant valid legislation.Web of Science18218017

Arbuscular mycorrhiza and plant succession on zinc smelter spoil heap In Katowice-Wełnowiec

Mycorrhizal status of plants colonising the zinc wastes in Katowice was surveyed. In total 69 vascular plant species (25 families) appearing on the investigated area have been noted. More than 60% of them were mycorrhizal. Non-mycorrhizal species, such as Cardaminopsis arenosa and Silene vulgaris dominated the early successional part of the zinc heap. Tussilago farfara was the only AM plant there, however, no arbusculcs were developed at this stage. The number of AM species was increased on the 20 years old part of the zinc wastes and on the older 30-50 years old areas. AM plants constituted about 60% of the total number of species there. The frequency of particular AM species was the highest on the oldest part of the investigated area. The usefulness of the results for restoration practices was discussed. Zbadano status mikoryzowy roślin hałdy pocynkowej w Katowicach-Welnowcu. Odnotowano 69 gatunków (z 25 rodzin). Ponad 60% z nich tworzyło mikoryzę. Gatunki niemikoryzowe, jak Caidaminopsis arenosa i Silenene inflata, dominowały na młodszych częściach hałdy. Tussilago farfara był tam jedynym gatunkiem mikoryzowym. jednak nie stwierdzono u niego arbuskul. Liczba gatunków mikoryzowych wzrosła na starszych częściach. Rośliny mikoryzowe stanowiły tam około 60% wszystkich gatunków. Częstość występowania gatunków mikoryzowych była najwyższa na najstarszej części hałdy. Przedyskutowano możliwość wykorzystania otrzymanych wyników w rekultywacji tego typu terenów

Arbuscular mycorrhiza of plants spontaneously colonizing the soda heap in Jaworzno (Southern Poland)

The results of studies of the mycorrhizal status of plant species spontaneously established on the soda heap located in Jaworzno (upper silesia, Poland) are presented. Additionally, the species of arbuscular fungi of the phylum Glomeromycota extracted from field-collected rhizosphere substrate samples of the heap are showed. Arbuscular mycorrhizae were described in 17 plant species. Five Glomus spp. were recognized in the spore populations of arbuscular fungi isolated. The investigation presented in this paper for the first time revealed Centaurea stoebe and Trifolium montanum to be hosts of arbuscular fungi

TRANSCRIPTIONAL AND EPIGENETIC REGULATORY PROGRAMS IN HEMATOPOIESIS AND LEUKEMOGENESIS

The hematopoietic system provides a unique opportunity to study stem cell biology due to the well-defined hierarchy of blood cell production. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) possess both self-renewal capabilities and full lineage potential for life-long maintenance of mature blood cells. The importance of understanding the regulation of this complex, highly coordinated process is accentuated by the role of aberrant HSC function in disease. Best understood in chronic and acute myeloid leukemias, leukemic stem cells (LSCs) arise from normal hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells and are capable of propagating the tumor. Epigenetic regulation of normal hematopoiesis is implicated by unaltered DNA sequences during lineage-specific differentiation, and recent evidence supports a role for DNA methylation changes in regulation of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. This work aims to better understand the epigenetic and transcriptional programs that regulate normal hematopoietic development as well as the molecular mechanisms that are involved in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) leukemogenesis. To begin our study, we performed genome-wide transcriptome analysis of highly refined CML and normal stem and progenitor cell populations. The persistence of LSCs in CML despite tyrosine kinase inhibition may explain patient relapse. We explored the transcriptional changes in CML LSCs to identify novel targets for the eradication of these cells while sparing normal HSCs. We identified genes that were differentially expressed in CML versus normal stem and progenitor cells and nominated cell surface genes that represent potential therapeutic targets. Further analyses of the LSCs revealed dysregulation of normal cellular processes, including downregulation of pro-differentiation and TGF-β/BMP signaling pathways; upregulation of oxidative metabolism and DNA repair pathways; and activation of multiple oncogenes. These data represent an important resource for understanding the molecular changes in CML LSCs, which may be exploited to develop novel therapies for eradication of these cells and to achieve cure. In order to investigate the epigenetic regulation of hematopoiesis, we utilized genome-wide gene expression data to specifically analyze transcriptional changes in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from healthy bone marrow donors. We identified known epigenetic factors that were differentially expressed in HSPCs, including genes previously implicated in the regulation of HSC maintenance and lineage commitment programs. One gene, UHRF1, is a known essential cofactor in DNA methylation maintenance. UHRF1 also binds histone modifications and recruits chromatin modifying proteins to hemimethylated DNA, bridging both major forms of epigenetic control in cells. We generated an inducible, conditional knockout mouse model in order to explore the functional role of UHRF1 in hematopoietic development. We found that UHRF1 expression is indispensable for HSC function and propose that its role in lymphoid development may vary with degree of differentiation. These observations confirm that genes involved in epigenetic regulatory mechanisms are critical mediators of normal hematopoietic developmental programs

Late Cenozoic geomorphic history of Lee Canyon, Spring Mountains, Nevada

Located in the west central portion of Clark County, Nevada, the Spring Mountain Range borders the western edge of the Las Vegas Valley. Within the mountain range, a fault block, there are several canyons whose geomorphic history is closely related to the geomorphic history of the major alluvial fans which flank the mountains. Lee Canyon, which is the study area is one of these canyons. In Lee Canyon is preserved a complex canyon fill which has been subjected to several periods of down-cutting and valley-widening. The details of the canyon\u27s geomorphic history recorded by filling and fill removal has not previously been studied

AM and DSE colonization of invasive plants in urban habitat: a study of Upper Silesia(southern Poland)

Interactions between invasive plants and root endophytes may contribute to the exploration of plant invasion causes. Twenty plant species of alien origin differing in invasiveness were studied in terms of status and typical structures of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes (DSE) in urban habitats in Silesia Upland (southern Poland). We observed that 75 % of investigated plant species were mycorrhizal. The arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) of most plant species was of the Arum morphology. The nearly 100 % mycorrhizal frequency, high intensity of AM colonization within root cortex and the presence of arbuscules in all mycorrhizal plant species indicate that the investigated species are able to establish AM associations in the secondary range and urban habitats. DSE were present in all mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species. The frequency of DSE was significantly lower in non-mycorrhizal group of plants, however, sclerotia of DSE were found mainly in the roots of non-mycorrhizal plant species. The group of species native to North America including three Solidago congeners have the highest values of all AM mycorrhization and DSE indices. Moreover, we observed that most mycorrhizal invasive species belonged to the family Asteraceae. In turn, representatives of Poaceae had the lowest values of AM mycorrhization. Nevertheless, quite high values of DSE frequency were also encountered in roots of Poaceae species. The high invasiveness of the representatives of the Asteraceae family from North America support theory that both taxonomic pattern, and the fact of root endophytes colonization contribute to invasion success. While, the taxa of Reynoutria also represent successful invaders but they are of Asiatic origin, non-mycorrhizal and weakly colonized by DSE fungi

System wynagrodzeń jako instrument strategii zarządzania w przedsiębiorstwie

Strategia firmy jest planem, którego głównymi czynnikami są cele i zasoby. Głównym celem pracy jest analiza wynagrodzenia i motywowania pracowników, analiza strategicznego zarządzania zasobami ludzkimi, ukazanie podstawowych koncepcji i istoty zarządzania strategicznego. W wyniku przeprowadzonych badań uzyskano informację na temat różnorodnych elementów motywowania pracowników do zachowań strategicznych i motywacyjnych w przedsiębiorstwach. W dużych przedsiębiorstwach dużo skuteczniej motywuje się pracowników do zachowań pro strategicznych niż w firmach średnich i małych.The company's strategy is a plan with goals and resources being the main drivers. The main purpose of the work is to analyze the remuneration and motivation of employees, to analyze strategic human resource management, to present the basic concepts and essence of strategic management. As a result of the research, information was obtained on various elements of motivating employees to strategic and motivational behavior in enterprises. In large enterprises, employees are much more effectively motivated to pro-strategic behavior than in medium and small enterprises

How do we value our income from which we save?

In this paper we analyze the relationship between the perception of income as satisfying household needs and saving rate of this household. Using the multinomial logit regression function we measure the probability of a household to fall into one of the groups categorized by the subjective perception of income in relation to the current household disposable income. The variable specified for the valuation of income is income perception, defined as a class of observed disposable income located on the scale of the subjectively satisfying income. Factors determining the perception of income are: gender and education of the household head, family characteristics, source of income and place of residence. The analysis of relations between the income perception and the household saving rates shows that the perception of income affects both the household observed and predicted saving rates. The research is based on the Household Budget Surveys data for Poland in 2008.household, income, needs, valuation, saving, probability

Public knowledge of blood cancers

Introduction. Blood cancers are a group of conditions that develop in the bone marrow and/or lymphatic system and include cancers of the hematopoietic system and cancers of the lymphatic system. The key test for blood cancers diagnosing is complete blood count. The aim of the study was to assess the level of public knowledge about blood cancers and their treatment. The study was conducted in March 2022 by a diagnostic survey method using a proprietary survey questionnaire made available online via Google Forms. The analysis included 311 correctly completed questionnaires. Results and conclusions. The respondents' level of knowledge about blood cancers and their treatment methods is very low. Nearly half of the respondents perform blood counts too infrequently (every two years or less often). Those with any knowledge of blood cancers (defined as minimal in the knowledge test) performed a blood count every six months, and not less often than once a year. Nearly 1/3 of the respondents do not want to donate bone marrow because they are afraid of the procedure. Of those registered or those who attempted registration, most presented a level of knowledge defined as minimal. The vast majority of respondents would like to see more events to promote blood cancer awareness