Spatial Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Hakka Traditional Villages in Fujian, Guangdong, and Jiangxi, China

Hakka traditional villages are an important segment of traditional Chinese villages. Analysis of the process of selection of a Hakka site can deepen our knowledge of Hakka culture. In this study, we selected Hakka traditional villages in Fujian, Guangdong, and Jiangxi provinces as research sites. We extracted basic data for these traditional villages using geographic information system coordinates, identified several potential influencing factors, and analyzed correlations among the factors using the R language. Finally, the degree of influence of each factor on the site selection of Hakka traditional villages in the study area was determined using a geographic probe to confirm the dominant factors. The results showed that Hakka traditional villages in Fujian, Guangdong, and Jiangxi had an overall significant clustered distribution. Distance to water, elevation, and vegetation richness were the dominant factors influencing the location of Hakka villages, while the interaction of multiple factors had a facilitating effect on the location of Hakka village foundations. This study utilized the observed distribution of Hakka villages in different regions and the differences between them resulting from the interaction of influencing factors, combined with data analysis, to provide a theoretical basis for the development and protection of Hakka traditional villages

Predicting Sub-Forest Type Transition Characteristics Using Canopy Density: An Analysis of the Ganjiang River Basin Case Study

In the process of societal development, forest land categories often conflict with other land use types, leading to impacts on the ecological environment. Therefore, research on changes in forest land categories has increasingly become a globally focused topic. To anticipate potential forest ecological security issues under urbanization trends, studies on regional land use simulation become more important. This paper, based on land use data from the Ganjiang River basin, analyzes the distribution characteristics and changing trends of land use types from 2000 to 2020. Using the CA-Markov model, it predicts the land use pattern of the basin in 2040 and analyzes the transfer characteristics of forest land categories. The conclusions indicate that, between 2000 and 2020, the most significant trend in land use evolution was the transfer between various subcategories of forest land, especially frequent in the high-altitude mountainous areas in the southern and western parts of the basin. The land use pattern prediction model constructed in this paper has a kappa index of 0.92, indicating high accuracy and reliability of the predictions. In 2040, the most significant land evolution phenomenon would be from forest land to arable land to construction land, particularly pronounced around large cities. Over the next 20 years, the focus of land use evolution may shift from the southern part of the basin to the central and northern parts, with urban expansion possibly becoming the main driving force of land use changes during this period. Forest land restoration work is an effective method to compensate for the loss of forest land area in the Ganjiang River basin, with key areas for such work including Longnan, Yudu, Xingguo, Ningdu, Lianhua, and Yongxin counties

Producing nitrite from anodic ammonia oxidation to accelerate anammox in a bioelectrochemical system with a given anode potential

Requirement of NO presence in feed is one barrier of anammox process for the application since NO is not a frequent composition in most wastewaters. In this study, anodic oxidation of NH to NO was realized in a single-chamber bioelectrochemical system with an anodic potential of -0.5 V. The NO product compensated its lack in the feed to accelerate the anammox. As a result, the anammox efficiency increased by at least 29.2%. When the potential was removed, the nitrogen removal in these two reactors had no significant differences. The SEM images and FISH analysis suggested that the abundance of anammox bacteria was obviously higher in R2

Microstructural evolution and hardening of GH3535 alloy under energetic Xe ion irradiation at room temperature and 650 °C

International audienc

Microstructural evolution and hardening of GH3535 alloy under energetic Xe ion irradiation at room temperature and 650 °C

International audienc