Psicodinâmica de doentes com galactorreia com e sem tumor da hipófise

( I ) A psicodinamia de 19 doentes com galactorreia foi avaliada através de entrevistas longas e repetidas, individuais e em grupo, por três pessoas com treino analítico (dois psicoterapeutas e um endocrinologista). (2) Destas doentes, sete tinham tumor da hipófise. Tiveram ainda estas doentes um estudo endócrino e radiográfico completo e uma avaliação psicométrica. (3) Encontrou-se em todas as dezanove doentes uma personalidade semelhante, dependente, com graves perturbações da relação simbiótica precoce com a mãe. (4) Os sintomas (galactorreia, frequentemente acompanhada de amenorreia e/ou aumerúo de peso e/ou cefaleias) são desencadeados por acontecimentos relevantes da vida pessoal e aparecem como uma alternativa para o luto de um objecto perdido, em contexto de uma regressão ou paragem de evolução num estádio precoce de desenvolvimento. (5) As doentes com tumor da hipófise tinham testes psicométricos anormais, embora nenhuma delas tivesse extensão supra-selar do tumor. (6) posta a hipótese de que os tumores da hipófise, produtores de prolactina, são provocados por uma estimulação psicogénia crónica do eixo hipotálamo hipofisário.------ ABSTRACT ------ ( I ) The psychodynamics of nineteen consecutive patients with galactorrhea was assessed by prolonged and repeated interviews, individually and in group, by three analytically trained persons (two psychoterapists and one endocrinologist). (2) Seven of these patients had pituitary tumors. These patients had, besides a full endocrine and radiographic work-up, a psychometric evaluation. (3) It was found that all the nineteen patients had similar dependent personalities with a grossly disturbed resolution of their early symbiotic relation with their mothers. (4) The symptm (galactorrhea, frequently accompanied by amenorrhea and/or weight gain and/or headaches) are triggered by significant events in the patients life and appear as an alternative to the mourning of a lost object in the context of an earlier stage of the patient's own development. (5) The patients with pituitary tumours had abnormal psychometric tests even though none of them had suprasellar extension of the tumor. (6) It is assumed that the prolactin-producing pituitary tumors develop as a result of a chronic psychogenic stimulation of the pituitar

MEDIÇÃO DE PROCESSOS DE COLISÃO ELETRÓNICA EM FE XVII DE INTERESSE ASTROFÍSICO

UID/FIS/04559/2020A análise de espectros de raios-X de alta resolução obtidos em observatórios espaciais requer uma boa compreensão dos processos físicos, nomeadamente os atómicos, que governam a emissão e dinâmica dos plasmas. O complexo de emissão Fe-L de Fe XVII, formado por riscas 3d→2p e 3s→2p, é frequentemente utilizado na referida análise e como diagnóstico de várias propriedades físicas como temperatura, opacidade e densidade do plasma. Neste trabalho, medimos as secções eficazes dos processos de colisão que levam à formação destas riscas, tanto as não-ressoantes (excitação por colisão), como ressoantes (recombinação dieletrónica). Acresce que os dados experimentais obtidos permitem uma validação dos valores teóricos destes processos atómicos.authorsversionpublishe

The effects of smoking on obesity: Evidence from Indonesian panel data

Background: It has been known that smoking is negatively related to weight-related outcomes. However, it has been difficult to determine whether the relationship is causal, and if so, how strong it is. We attempted to estimate the approximately causal effects of smoking on weight, body mass index (BMI), and obesity. Methods: The Indonesian Family Life Survey provided a sample of over 9000 men aged 15-55 years - each of them was observed in 1993, 1997, 2000 and 2007. The preferred method was a fixed effects model; that is, we related changes in smoking status or smoking intensity to changes in weight-related outcomes, while controlling for time-varying covariates. We also compared these results to those estimated by ordinary least squares and assessed the importance of controlling for time invariant individual heterogeneity. Results: Although the effects of smoking were precisely estimated in a statistical sense, their size was minuscule: a quitter would gain weight by at most 1 kg, or a smoker would lose weight by the same amount. The results were similar for BMI and obesity. When we did not control for time invariant individual heterogeneity, the size of the relationship was overestimated at least three times. Conclusions: Smoking exerted little influence on weight, and it was important to control for bias stemming from time invariant individual heterogeneity

Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover.

Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural clines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale

MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL : A data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in P ortugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with 26% of all species being includedin the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associatedwith habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mam-mals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion formarine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems func-tionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is cru-cial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS INPORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublishedgeoreferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mam-mals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira thatincludes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occur-ring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live obser-vations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%),bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent lessthan 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrowsjsoil moundsjtunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animaljhairjskullsjjaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8),observation in shelters, (9) photo trappingjvideo, (10) predators dietjpelletsjpine cones/nuts, (11) scatjtrackjditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalizationjecholocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and100 m (76%). Rodentia (n=31,573) has the highest number of records followedby Chiroptera (n=18,857), Carnivora (n=18,594), Lagomorpha (n=17,496),Cetartiodactyla (n=11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n=7008). The data setincludes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened(e.g.,Oryctolagus cuniculus[n=12,159],Monachus monachus[n=1,512],andLynx pardinus[n=197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate thepublication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contrib-ute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting onthe development of more accurate and tailored conservation managementstrategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite thisdata paper when the data are used in publications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Global urban environmental change drives adaptation in white clover

Urbanization transforms environments in ways that alter biological evolution. We examined whether urban environmental change drives parallel evolution by sampling 110,019 white clover plants from 6169 populations in 160 cities globally. Plants were assayed for a Mendelian antiherbivore defense that also affects tolerance to abiotic stressors. Urban-rural gradients were associated with the evolution of clines in defense in 47% of cities throughout the world. Variation in the strength of clines was explained by environmental changes in drought stress and vegetation cover that varied among cities. Sequencing 2074 genomes from 26 cities revealed that the evolution of urban-rural clines was best explained by adaptive evolution, but the degree of parallel adaptation varied among cities. Our results demonstrate that urbanization leads to adaptation at a global scale

Mammals in Portugal: a data set of terrestrial, volant, and marine mammal occurrences in Portugal

Mammals are threatened worldwide, with ~26% of all species being included in the IUCN threatened categories. This overall pattern is primarily associated with habitat loss or degradation, and human persecution for terrestrial mammals, and pollution, open net fishing, climate change, and prey depletion for marine mammals. Mammals play a key role in maintaining ecosystems functionality and resilience, and therefore information on their distribution is crucial to delineate and support conservation actions. MAMMALS IN PORTUGAL is a publicly available data set compiling unpublished georeferenced occurrence records of 92 terrestrial, volant, and marine mammals in mainland Portugal and archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira that includes 105,026 data entries between 1873 and 2021 (72% of the data occurring in 2000 and 2021). The methods used to collect the data were: live observations/captures (43%), sign surveys (35%), camera trapping (16%), bioacoustics surveys (4%) and radiotracking, and inquiries that represent less than 1% of the records. The data set includes 13 types of records: (1) burrows | soil mounds | tunnel, (2) capture, (3) colony, (4) dead animal | hair | skulls | jaws, (5) genetic confirmation, (6) inquiries, (7) observation of live animal (8), observation in shelters, (9) photo trapping | video, (10) predators diet | pellets | pine cones/nuts, (11) scat | track | ditch, (12) telemetry and (13) vocalization | echolocation. The spatial uncertainty of most records ranges between 0 and 100 m (76%). Rodentia (n =31,573) has the highest number of records followed by Chiroptera (n = 18,857), Carnivora (n = 18,594), Lagomorpha (n = 17,496), Cetartiodactyla (n = 11,568) and Eulipotyphla (n = 7008). The data set includes records of species classified by the IUCN as threatened (e.g., Oryctolagus cuniculus [n = 12,159], Monachus monachus [n = 1,512], and Lynx pardinus [n = 197]). We believe that this data set may stimulate the publication of other European countries data sets that would certainly contribute to ecology and conservation-related research, and therefore assisting on the development of more accurate and tailored conservation management strategies for each species. There are no copyright restrictions; please cite this data paper when the data are used in publications

Data type definition and handling for supporting interoperability across organizational borders

Organisational heterogeneity-especially in networks where new members may join at any time-requires ongoing actions to maintain interoperability. On the level of data interoperability, this highlights the importance of various aspects of data model and dataflow design, as well as handling of data at run-time. The latter is certain to require automated means of data model negotiation, and-while today's design processes are far from fully automated-such means can leverage productivity and support verification procedures in data modelling and dataflow design as well. The paper presents results in one possible approach to data type definition and manipulation, through the example of the ADVANCE dataflow engine and its type-related features. Aside from an XML-based type system, type inference algorithms are presented which are employed both during design and flow execution. © 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York