206 research outputs found
Fragmentation with a Steady Source
We investigate fragmentation processes with a steady input of fragments. We
find that the size distribution approaches a stationary form which exhibits a
power law divergence in the small size limit, P(x) ~ x^{-3}. This algebraic
behavior is robust as it is independent of the details of the input as well as
the spatial dimension. The full time dependent behavior is obtained
analytically for arbitrary inputs, and is found to exhibit a universal scaling
behavior.Comment: 4 page
The Effectiveness of Text Message Reminder- Recalls on Human Papilloma Virus Vaccination Coverage in Georgia
Background: Routine vaccination against Human Papilloma Virus (HPV), the main cause of cervical cancer, is recommended by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices for adolescents ages 11 to 12 years, yet vaccine coverage remains low. The Georgia Comprehensive Cancer Control Program and Georgia Immunization Program implemented and evaluated a textmessaging campaign aimed at improving HPV vaccination coverage, using the Georgia Immunization Registry (GRITS).
Methods: The text message reminder-recall campaign, aimed at the parents of adolescents 9 β 18 years, was launched in July 2015. A total of 208,792 adolescents in the GRITS database met the inclusion criterion, receipt of at least one dose of the threedose series HPV vaccine. We determined the rate of HPV vaccine series completion for adolescents with a valid parent/guardian mobile phone number and for those without.
Results: A total of 9,711 text messages were successfully sent to parents of adolescents 9 β 18 years. HPV vaccine series completion was 16% among adolescents whose parent/guardian received a text message as compared to 7% among those who did not.
Conclusions: Text message reminder-recalls have a positive effect on HPV vaccine series coverage for adolescents in Georgia. Text messaging reminder-recalls may be an effective strategy to improve HPV vaccination coverage statewide
Using Metaphors in Dynamic Social Stratification Visualizations
We present three information visualizations for studying social stratification. Each Web-based applet uses a different metaphor to display U.S. Census income data along with the categories of race, marital status, and profession. Each system is completely dynamic, affording the user the choice of categorical variable to compare, as well as the choice of categories within each visualization. Two different user interfaces have also been implemented. The systems are described, compared, and their respective merits and deficiencies discussed
SB04-22/23: Resolution Authorizing Approval of Staff Senate Signature of Bear Necessities Statement to University Administration
Passed during May 10, 2023 Staff Senate meeting.
Documents from the May 10, 2023 meeting of the University of Montana S by University of Montana--Missoula. Staff Senate (umt.edu)
Resolution authorizing approval of Staff Senate to sign support to the ASUM Bear Necessities statement to the University of Montana Administration. Resolution Authored by Kat Cowley. Additional Authors, including Cowley, listed for letter.
Letter discusses concerns regarding the status of marginalized and vulnerable student populations and offers suggestions on some ways the University of Montana can support students at a basic human level. These include continued advocacy for increase support from the State of Montana, increased housing availability, meal plan affordability, open education resources, campus accessibility, and addressing staffing issues
Why Social Enterprises Are Asking to Be Multi-stakeholder and Deliberative: An Explanation around the Costs of Exclusion.
The study of multi-stakeholdership (and multi-stakeholder social enterprises in particular) is only at the start. Entrepreneurial choices which have emerged spontaneously, as well as the first legal frameworks approved in this direction, lack an adequate theoretical support. The debate itself is underdeveloped, as the existing understanding of organisations and their aims resist an inclusive, public interest view of enterprise. Our contribution aims at enriching the thin theoretical reflections on multi-stakeholdership, in a context where they are already established, i.e. that of social and personal services.
The aim is to provide an economic justification on why the governance structure and decision-making praxis of the firm needs to account for multiple stakeholders. In particular with our analysis we want: a) to consider production and the role of firms in the context of the βpublic interestβ which may or may not coincide with the non-profit objective; b) to ground the explanation of firm governance and processes upon the nature of production and the interconnections between demand and supply side; c) to explain that the costs associated with multi-stakeholder governance and deliberation in decision-making can increase internal efficiency and be βproductiveβ since they lower internal costs and utilise resources that otherwise would go astray.
The key insight of this work is that, differently from major interpretations, property costs should be compared with a more comprehensive range of costs, such as the social costs that emerge when the supply of social and personal services is insufficient or when the identification of aims and means is not shared amongst stakeholders. Our model highlights that when social costs derived from exclusion are high, even an enterprise with costly decisional processes, such as the multistakeholder, can be the most efficient solution amongst other possible alternatives
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The impact of intolerance of uncertainty and cognitive behavioural instructions on safety learning
Background
Difficulty updating threat associations to safe associations has been observed in individuals who score high in self-reported Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU). Here we sought to determine whether an instruction based on fundamental principles of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy could promote safety learning in individuals with higher levels of IU, whilst controlling for self-reported trait anxiety (STICSA).
Methods
We measured skin conductance response, pupil dilation and expectancy ratings during an associative threat learning task in which participants either received a cognitive behavioural instruction or no instruction prior to threat extinction (nβ=β92).
Results
Analyses revealed that both self-reported IU and STICSA similarly predicted differences in skin conductance response. Only individuals with lower IU/STICSA in the cognitive behavioural instruction condition displayed successful safety learning via skin conductance response.
Conclusions
These initial results provide some insight into how simple cognitive behavioural instructions combined with exposure are applied differently in individuals with varying levels of self-reported anxiety. The results further our understanding of the role of basic cognitive behavioural principles and self-reported anxiety in safety learning
Bringing KASH under the SUN: the many faces of nucleo-cytoskeletal connections
The nucleus is the most prominent cellular organelle, and its sharp boundaries suggest the compartmentalization of the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm. However, the recent identification of evolutionarily conserved linkers of the nucleoskeleton to the cytoskeleton (LINC) complexes, a family of macromolecular assemblies that span the double membrane of the nuclear envelope, reveals tight physical connections between the two compartments. Here, we review the structure and evolutionary conservation of SUN and KASH domainβcontaining proteins, whose interaction within the perinuclear space forms the βnuts and boltsβ of LINC complexes. Moreover, we discuss the function of these complexes in nuclear, centrosomal, and chromosome dynamics, and their connection to human disease
Chemotherapy-Induced Late Transgenerational Effects in Mice
To our knowledge, there is no report on long-term reproductive and developmental side effects in the offspring of mothers treated with a widely used chemotherapeutic drug such as doxorubicin (DXR), and neither is there information on transmission of any detrimental effects to several filial generations. Therefore, the purpose of the present paper was to examine the long-term effects of a single intraperitoneal injection of DXR on the reproductive and behavioral performance of adult female mice and their progeny. C57BL/6 female mice (generation zero; G0) were treated with either a single intraperitoneal injection of DXR (G0-DXR) or saline (G0-CON). Data were collected on multiple reproductive parameters and behavioral analysis for anxiety, despair and depression. In addition, the reproductive capacity and health of the subsequent six generations were evaluated. G0-DXR females developed despair-like behaviors; delivery complications; decreased primordial follicle pool; and early lost of reproductive capacity. Surprisingly, the DXR-induced effects in oocytes were transmitted transgenerationally; the most striking effects being observed in G4 and G6, constituting: increased rates of neonatal death; physical malformations; chromosomal abnormalities (particularly deletions on chromosome 10); and death of mothers due to delivery complications. None of these effects were seen in control females of the same generations. Long-term effects of DXR in female mice and their offspring can be attributed to genetic alterations or cell-killing events in oocytes or, presumably, to toxicosis in non-ovarian tissues. Results from the rodent model emphasize the need for retrospective and long-term prospective studies of survivors of cancer treatment and their offspring
The JWST Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems IV: NIRISS Aperture Masking Interferometry Performance and Lessons Learned
We present a performance analysis for the aperture masking interferometry
(AMI) mode on board the James Webb Space Telescope Near Infrared Imager and
Slitless Spectrograph (JWST/NIRISS). Thanks to self-calibrating observables,
AMI accesses inner working angles down to and even within the classical
diffraction limit. The scientific potential of this mode has recently been
demonstrated by the Early Release Science (ERS) 1386 program with a deep search
for close-in companions in the HIP 65426 exoplanetary system. As part of ERS
1386, we use the same dataset to explore the random, static, and calibration
errors of NIRISS AMI observables. We compare the observed noise properties and
achievable contrast to theoretical predictions. We explore possible sources of
calibration errors, and show that differences in charge migration between the
observations of HIP 65426 and point-spread function calibration stars can
account for the achieved contrast curves. Lastly, we use self-calibration tests
to demonstrate that with adequate calibration, NIRISS AMI can reach contrast
levels of mag. These tests lead us to observation planning
recommendations and strongly motivate future studies aimed at producing
sophisticated calibration strategies taking these systematic effects into
account. This will unlock the unprecedented capabilities of JWST/NIRISS AMI,
with sensitivity to significantly colder, lower mass exoplanets than
ground-based setups at orbital separations inaccessible to JWST coronagraphy.Comment: 20 pages, 12 figures, submitted to AAS Journal
The \textit{JWST} Early Release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems III: Aperture Masking Interferometric Observations of the star HIP\,65426 at
We present aperture masking interferometry (AMI) observations of the star HIP
65426 at as a part of the \textit{JWST} Direct Imaging Early
Release Science (ERS) program obtained using the Near Infrared Imager and
Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) instrument. This mode provides access to very
small inner working angles (even separations slightly below the Michelson limit
of for an interferometer), which are inaccessible with the
classical inner working angles of the \textit{JWST} coronagraphs. When combined
with \textit{JWST}'s unprecedented infrared sensitivity, this mode has the
potential to probe a new portion of parameter space across a wide array of
astronomical observations. Using this mode, we are able to achieve a contrast
of \,mag relative to the host star at a separation
of {\sim}0.07\arcsec but detect no additional companions interior to the
known companion HIP\,65426\,b. Our observations thus rule out companions more
massive than 10{-}12\,\rm{M\textsubscript{Jup}} at separations
from HIP\,65426, a region out of reach of ground or
space-based coronagraphic imaging. These observations confirm that the AMI mode
on \textit{JWST} is sensitive to planetary mass companions orbiting at the
water frost line, even for more distant stars at 100\,pc. This result
will allow the planning and successful execution of future observations to
probe the inner regions of nearby stellar systems, opening essentially
unexplored parameter space.Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, submitted to ApJ Letter
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