Estudio sobre atención médica urgente en los establecimientos balnearios.

RESUMEN 1.- Introducción Los balnearios fueron considerados como hoteles termales para uso estival de pacientes adinerados. El único tratamiento médico era la ingesta de determinadas aguas, capaces de producir efectos terapeúticos (sobre todo a nivel digestivo y renal). Pero el turismo de playa de los años 70 hizo que los clientes cambiaran de hábitos, entrando la mayoría de los balnearios en la decrepitud y la ruina. La puesta en marcha del Programa de Termalismo Social colaboró a la restauración, tanto de las instalaciones como de los hábitos termales en la población geriátrica. 2.- Objetivos Analizar el número y las distintas características de las urgencias que se produjeron en el Balneario Hervideros de Cofrentes durante las temporadas 1.996 y 1.997, para comprobar si se deduce de las mismas la necesidad de que todos los centros balneoterápicos dispongan de asistencia médica permanente. Igualmente estableceremos los equipamientos necesarios y su localización, normas internas de funcionamiento y criterios higiénico-dietéticos adecuados al paciente anciano. 3.- Material y método Durante los dos años de recogida de datos se manejó una muestra total de 10.000 pacientes procedentes del Ministerio de Asuntos Sociales, 1.792 del Servicio de Termalismo Valenciano y 1.600 particulares. De estos casi siete mil termalistas/año solo estudiaremos, a los que demanden asistencia médica urgente cuando el médico no se encuentre en las dependencias del centro termal, es decir de 10h a 13h y de 17h a 19h. Para recoger los datos correspondientes a cada asistencia se creó un fichero en base de datos Acces 2.0 en el que se reflejan 22 variables. Además comprobaremos en qué medida las urgencias que se nos presentan son o no atribuibles a los tratamientos termales. De este modo podremos valorar cuantitativamente si la atención primaria es tan importante como la hidrología a nivel de medicina balnearia. 4.- Resultados y discusión Solo 35 de las 313 asistencias realizadas (11.18%) podrían tener una relación directa con la aplicación del tratamiento termal. Por contra, las otras 278 podrían haberse presentado igual en un balneario que en cualquier otro sitio, al tratarse de patologías comunes (88,82%). Si bien la cualificación del médico especialista en hidrología es fundamental para el éxito del tratamiento no es menos cierta, según los primeros datos obtenidos, la importancia considerable del médico de familia en este tipo de establecimientos, ya que también se atienden patologías que normalmente se presentan en una consulta de atención primaria. Respecto a si se producen o no mas urgencias en pacientes filtrados por servicios médicos previos a la cura, los datos nos indican que no es así. Se atendieron 65 urgencias (20,76%). Ello quiere decir que el porcentaje relativo de urgencias en pacientes no filtrados por servicios médicos previos a la cura termal es de un 1.82%. Si lo comparamos con el 2.1% obtenido en pacientes del IMSERSO comprobamos que, a pesar de existir control médico a la hora de estudiar sus solicitudes, no se atienden porcentualmente menos urgencias en este tipo de pacientes. En cuanto a la gravedad de las urgencias solo 3 (0.95%) fueron urgencias vitales, 52 (16.61%) urgencias graves, 101 (32.26%) de bajo riesgo y 157 (50.15%) no fueron urgencias en modo alguno. 5.- Conclusiones Tras el análisis de los datos concluyo en que es imprescindible la atención médica permanente en los balnearios, la existencia de varios puntos de asistencia debidamente dotados, un plan de evacuaciones adecuado a la autentica gravedad de la urgencia y la existencia de criterios sanitarios de no admisión en base a la seguridad del paciente de fácil descompensación. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________1.- Introduction The spa centers were considered as thermal hotels for summer use of wealthy patients. The only medical treatment was the water ingestion some with terapeutics effects (specially digestive and kidney). But the beach tourism of years 70 did that the clients changed of habits, entering most of the spa in the decrepitude and the ruin. 2.- Objetives To analyze the number and the different characteristics from the urgencies in the Cofrentes spa during seasons 1.996 and 1.997, to verify if it is deduced the necessity that all the spa centers have permanent medical presence. Also we will establish the necessary equipment ant their internal location, norms of operation and hygienic-dietetic criteria adapted the old patient. 3.- Material and method Part of a total sample of 10.000 patients from the Ministery of Social Subjects, 1.972 of the Service of Valencian Spa Treatment and 1.600 individuals forfait. But single we will study to that they demand urgent medical aid outside hours of consultation. The analyzed data include in data base Acces 2.0. In addition we will verify if the cause of the urgencies is the spa treatments or they must to normal others causes. 4.- Results and discussion Although the qualification of the specialistic doctor in hydrology is essential is not less certain the importance of the family doctor. Great part of the urgencies they are equal to those of a medical consultation of primary attention. Urgencies do not take place but in patients without recommendation of its doctor. The great part of the urgencies they were not medical emergencies, being almost all little serious urgencies. 5.- Conclusions The permanent medical attention is necessary in the spa centers, also the existence of several points well equipped, a plan of evacuations according the gravity of the patient. The existence of no admission criteria they are necessary for the patient of delicate health

María Blasco: Keeping a cap on cancer and aging

Blasco is at the forefront of research on the function of telomeres in cancer and aging

Electrochemically site-selective alkoxylation of twisted 2-arylbenzoic acids via spirolactonization

The Electrochemical Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling (ECDC) of twisted biphenyl-2-carboxylic acids with aliphatic alcohols provides 4′-alkoxyspirolactones which isomerize, under mild basic conditions, to give 4′-alkoxy-2-phenylbenzoic acids. This site-selective alkoxylation was readily adapted to 1 mmol scale and is environmentally friendly, as no terminal oxidants are needed and H2 is the only residue. The suitability of diphenic acid derivatives in this two-step protocol is noteworthy, especially for axially chiral substrates that can be functionalized with retention of the configuration and of the enantiomeric purity. We have proposed a plausible mechanism based on experimental pieces of evidence that support the single-electron oxidation of the carboxylate, formed by deprotonation of the biphenyl-2-carboxylic acids with 2,6-lutidine, and DFT calculations that suggest a very fast spirocyclization of the intermediate σ-aroyloxyl radical. Competing pathways to benzocoumarins were also examined by computational studies.This work was generously supported by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MICIU; grant no. CTQ2017-88171-P) and the University of Alicante (grant no. VIGROB-285/19). I. B. acknowledges the Spanish MICIU for a Juan de la Cierva-incorporación grant (no. IJCI-2017-33706)

The Family Context in Cybervictimization: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The use of Information and Communication Technologies is clearly widespread among adolescents from a young age. Although it poses a significant contribution at the academic, social, and emotional levels, it can also involve a set of important risks, including cyberbullying and, therefore, cybervictimization. Previous studies have pointed out the importance of family context since parental control and family communication emerge as contributors to this phenomenon. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of family communication on cybervictims and the moderating role of different sociodemographic variables (age, gender, nationality, and culture), as well as social, emotional, and personality variables. In this context, a meta-analysis was performed with a random effects model, using a total meta-sample of 29,093 adolescents (mean age: 14.50 years) distributed in k = 20 samples belonging to nine studies on cybervictimization published in English in Q1 journals between 2015 and 2020. The results showed that family offensive communication is related to cybervictimization. This could be because the affected individuals often use social media to compensate for the deficiencies they perceive within their families, as well as to obtain support, which increases their time spent on the Internet and their exposure to this phenomenon. These findings highlight the need for family and community interventions, not only school-based or individual interventions

¿Cómo sobrevivir al doctorado? Un meta-análisis del éxito en doctorandos. How to survive the doctorate? A metaanalysis of success in PhD Candidates

El doctorado es la llave para que los nuevos investigadores inicien su actividad científica. Este proceso ha implicado tradicionalmente una profunda soledad y el desarrollo de problemas que afectan a la salud de los doctorandos. El objetivo de la investigación fue realizar un meta-análisis para comprobar la influencia de determinadas variables sociodemográficas y personales en el abandono de estudios de doctorado. Tras una revisión de la literatura existente y de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, la muestra total fue de 9 artículos, que contenían un total de 53 muestras y 32760 estudiantes de doctorado con una edad media de 29,80 años. Los principales resultados muestran que la permanencia en el programa de doctorado depende del género, la edad y de variables personales, siendo el apoyo social (apoyo familiar, apoyo institucional y autoestima) el que explica el 11% de la permanencia en el programa de doctorado, seguido de la autoestima, mientras que el burnout explica un porcentaje muy bajo del éxito (Tau2 = 0.40; I2 = 99.48; R2 = .03; p = .001). El modelo que mejor explica la permanencia en el doctorado parte del apoyo social. De esta forma, los estudiantes de doctorado demandan el apoyo de sus iguales, familia e institución, pudiendo ser nuestros resultados explicados por el rol tan importante que tiene el apoyo social como mediador de las consecuencias del estrés. Del mismo modo, el papel de la familia y el entorno más cercano no son los únicos elementos relevantes; las universidades, como organizaciones, también pueden favorecer un entorno adecuado, agradable y motivador a través de estilos de liderazgo democráticos y al promover actividades sociales que permitan a los estudiantes de doctorado establecer relaciones socioafectivas que les proporcionen bienestar emocional, una red de aprendizaje y sinergias. Doctorates are the key for new researchers to begin their scientific activity. This process has traditionally implied a profound loneliness and the development of issues that affect the health of PhD students. The objective of the research was to conduct a meta-analysis to examine the influence of certain sociodemographic and personal variables on doctoral dropout. Following a review of existing literature and based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, the total sample consisted of 9 articles, which included a total of 53 samples and 32760 doctoral students with an average age of 29.80 years. The main results indicate that the permanence in the doctoral program depends on gender, age, and personal variables, with social support (family support, institutional support, and self-esteem) explaining 11% of the persistence in the doctoral program, followed by self-esteem. Burnout, on the other hand, explains a very small percentage of success (Tau2 = 0.40; I2 = 99.48; R2 = .03; p = .001). The model that best explains permanence in doctorate studies is social support. Doctorate students demand support from their peers, families and institutions to which they are giving their work, so our results can be explained by the relevant role of social support as a mediator in the consequences of stress. In view of the obtained results, it is concluded that the existence of a series of factors such as age, gender, support from the closest environment and a democratic and ethical leadership style by the institutions, along with the social actions of communicating and generating synergies, favours success in the attainment of a doctorate degree. To sum up, the results of this study suggest the convenience of carrying out prosocial actions aimed at finishing the PhD stage successfully

Antimutagenicity of Methanolic Extracts from Anemopsis californica

Anemopsis californica has been used empirically to treat infectious diseases. However, there are no antimutagenic evaluation reports on this plant. The present study evaluated the antioxidant activity in relation to the mutagenic and antimutagenic activity properties of leaf (LME) and stem (SME) methanolic extracts of A. californica collected in the central Mexican state of Querétaro. Antioxidant properties and total phenols of extracts were evaluated using DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods, respectively. Mutagenicity was evaluated using the Ames test employing Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strains (TA98, TA100, and TA102), with and without an aroclor 1254 (S9 mixture). Antimutagenesis was performed against mutations induced on the Ames test with MNNG, 2AA, or 4NQO. SME presented the highest antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. None of the extracts exhibited mutagenicity in the Ames test. The extracts produced a significant reduction in 2AA-induced mutations in S. typhimurium TA98. In both extracts, mutagenesis induced by 4NQO or methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) was reduced only if the exposure of strains was <10 μg/Petri dish. A. californca antioxidant properties and its capacity to reduce point mutations render it suitable to enhance medical cancer treatments. The significant effect against antimutagenic 2AA suggests that their consumption would provide protection against carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic compounds

Combination of polymeric superplasticizers, water repellents and pozzolanic agents to improve air lime-based grouts for historic masonry repair

This paper presents the experimental procedure to develop air lime-based injection grouts including polymeric superplasticizers, a water repellent agent and pozzolanic agents as additives. Research focuses on the development of grouts to improve various characteristics simultaneously combining different additions and admixtures. Aiming to improve the injectability of the grouts, in this study different polymeric superplasticizers were added, namely polycarboxylated-ether derivative (PCE), polynaphthalene sulfonate (PNS) and condensate of melamine-formaldehyde sulfonate (SMFC). Sodium oleate was also used as a water repellent agent to reduce the water absorption. The enhancement of the strength and setting time was intended by using microsilica and metakaolin as pozzolanic mineral additions. Compatibility between the different admixtures and action mechanism of the different polymers were studied by means of zeta potential and adsorption isotherms measurements. Diverse grout mixtures were produced and investigated assessing their injectability, fluidity, stability, compressive strength, hydrophobicity and durability. This research leads to several suitable mixtures produced by using more than one component to enhance efficiency and to provide better performance of grouts. According to the results, the grout composed of air lime, metakaolin, sodium oleate and PCE was found the most effective composition improving the mechanical strength, injectability and hydrophobicity