Auditorías de conocimiento. Análisis de dominio en las bases de datos Scopus y WoK

This an approach to the visualization of the domain knowledge audits, based on an analysis of the scientific production of the database Scopus and Wok between the years 1994–2010. Productivity was studied for years, most productive authors, publications, levels of collaboration between authors of this domain were used and most cited themes. Computer tools such as the Excel, ToolInf and Ucinet. In the studied period were published: 63 articles and 30 procedings. 93 works under the signature of 232 authors, proceeding were published. The most productive magazine was Lecture Notes in Computer Science, and authors with a major contribution to this topic were Wing–Bun Lee, Chi Fai Cheung, Elissaveta Gourova and Baimin M. Suo. Finally the results are depicted in different graphs and maps for viewing

On the design of a didactic proposal for the popularization of law within rural communities

RESUMEN: En este artículo de investigación, pensar en recrear la enseñanza, nos ubicó como profesores investigadores en la pregunta: ¿Cómo popularizar el derecho desde la educación superior en entornos rurales? De ahí que, el objetivo de la investigación fue fundamentar una propuesta didáctica para la popularización del derecho en entornos rurales. En ese sentido, se partió de los postulados de la didáctica universitaria y de la pedagogía crítica, los cuales se enfocan hacia una formación ligada a las realidades sociales, donde se incluye a la comunidad, como otro participante del proceso docente educativo y en la generación de conocimiento útil a la sociedad. De la misma manera, se conceptualizó y fundamentó una propuesta didáctica para la popularización del derecho, concebida desde la educación superior. Así, desde una investigación cualitativa con enfoque hermenéutico, se develó la importancia de formar al estudiante para que popularice el saber jurídico, desarrolle un proceso intencional y motivador, asuma su rol en la sociedad y concrete el papel que el saber jurídico tiene en relación con la solución de problemas reales y sentidos de las comunidades rurales.ABSTRACT: In this research article, thinking of recreating teaching, placed us as research professors in the question: How to popularize law from higher education in rural settings? Hence, the objective of the research was to base a didactic proposal for the popularization of law in rural environments. In that sense it was based on the postulates of university didactics and critical pedagogy, which focus on a formation linked to social realities, where the community is included as another participant in the educational process and in the generation of useful knowledge to the community. In the same way, it was conceptualized and based around the design of a didactic proposal for the popularization of law, conceived from higher education. Thus, from qualitative research with a hermeneutical approach, the importance of training the student to popularize legal knowledge, develop an intentional and motivational process, assume his role in society and concretize the role that legal knowledge has in relation to the solution of real and urgent problems the rural communities face, was reveale

Proposal for Geoconservation of Two New Coastal Geosites for the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago, Cuba: Los Caimanes and El Jato Lagoons

The designation of geological sites in Cuba is relatively new. During the early years of the 21st century some sites were proposed, but only in the province of Pinar del Rio have geosites been officially approved. Here we propose two further geosites, one at Cayo Sabinal (Camagüey Province) and the other at Cayo Coco (Ciego de Ávila Province). Recent studies show stromatolites at both sites, important in understanding microbialite formation and the role of microbes in geochemical signatures and mineral diversity. According to the approved Cuban scoring methodology, El Jato Lagoon obtained 79 points and Los Caimanes Lagoon 77 points. Both were regarded as Class B. Although located in tourist areas, they lack aesthetic values. However, both are on the coastal zone, where natural and anthropogenic impacts could affect their conservation

Mapping and Monitoring of the Invasive Species Dichrostachys cinerea (Marabú) in Central Cuba Using Landsat Imagery and Machine Learning (1994–2022)

[EN] Invasive plants are a serious problem in island ecosystems and are the main cause of the extinction of endemic species. Cuba is located within one of the hotspots of global biodiversity, which, coupled with high endemism and the impacts caused by various disturbances, makes it a region particularly sensitive to potential damage by invasive plants like Dichrostachys cinerea (L.) Wight & Arn. (marabú). However, there is a lack of timely information for monitoring this species, as well as about the land use and land cover (LULC) classes most significantly impacted by this invasion in the last few decades and their spatial distribution. The main objective of this study, carried out in Central Cuba, was to detect and monitor the spread of marabú over a 28-year period. The land covers for the years 1994 and 2022 were classified using Landsat 5 TM and 8 OLI images with three different classification algorithms: maximum likelihood (ML), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF). The results obtained showed that RF outperformed the other classifiers, achieving AUC values of 0.92 for 1994 and 0.97 for 2022. It was confirmed that the area covered by marabú increased by 29,555 ha, from 61,977.59 ha in 1994 to 91,533.47 ha in 2022 (by around 48%), affecting key land covers like woodlands, mangroves, and rainfed croplands. These changes in the area covered by marabú were associated, principally, with changes in land uses and tenure and not with other factors, such as rainfall or relief in the province. The use of other free multispectral imagery, such as Sentinel 2 data, with higher temporal and spatial resolution, could further refine the model’s accuracy.S

Estados ecosistémicos coexistentes en una laguna costera tropical bajo eutrofización creciente en la cayería norte de Cuba

Through a nested suite of methods here we contrast the coexistence of different ecosystem states in a tropical coastal lagoon, the Laguna Larga, with increasing eutrophication stress between 2007 and 2009. Water temperature averaged 27.4°C in the lagoon and showed a slight positive trend during the study period. Salinity averaged 35.0±6.2, exhibiting high spatial and temporal variability, and also a slight positive trend in time. In contrast, dissolved oxygen showed a substantial decreasing trend (–0.83 ml L–1 y–1; –13.3% y–1) over the period, while nutrients increased dramatically, particularly total phosphorus (2.6 µM y–1), in both cases sustaining the progression of eutrophication in the lagoon during the three years we sampled. The Karydis nutrient load-based trophic index showed that the lagoon has a spatial pattern of increasing eutrophication from the sea and the outer sector (oligotrophic-mesotrophic) to the central (mesotrophic) and the inner sector (mesotrophic-eutrophic). Two ecosystem states were found within the lagoon. In the outer oligotrophic sector, the dominant primary producers were macroalgae, seagrasses and benthic diatoms, while mollusc assemblages were highly diverse. In the inner and central sectors (where trophic status increased toward the inner lagoon) a phytoplankton-dominated ecosystem was found where mollusc assemblages are less diverse. In spite of the progression of eutrophication in the lagoon, these two different ecosystems coexisted and remained unchanged during the study period. Apparently, the effect of water residence time, which increases dramatically toward the inner lagoon, dominated over that of nutrient loadings, which is relatively more homogeneously distributed along the lagoon. Therefore, we consider that actions that reduce the water residence time are likely the most effective management options for this and other similarly choked lagoons.Mediante la conjunción de una diversidad de métodos y observaciones, se contrasta la coexistencia de diferentes estados ecosistémicos en Laguna Larga, una laguna costera tropical sometida a una eutrofización creciente entre 2007 y 2009. La temperatura media en la laguna fue de 27.4°C y mostró una ligera tendencia positiva en este periodo. La salinidad mostró alta variabilidad espacial y temporal alrededor de una media de 35.0±6.2 y también tuvo una tendencia temporal positiva. En contraste, el oxígeno disuelto mostró una sustancial tendencia negativa (–0.83 ml L–1 y–1; –13.3% y–1) en el mismo periodo, al tiempo que los nutrientes se incrementaron drásticamente, en particular el fósforo total, a una tasa de 2.6 µM y–1, respaldando ambas tendencias el incremento de la eutrofización a lo largo de los tres años observados. El índice trófico de Karydis, basado en las cargas de nutrientes, mostró un patrón espacial de incremento de la eutrofización desde el mar hacia el sector exterior (oligotrófico-mesotrófico), el sector central (mesotrófico) y el sector interior (mesotrófico-eutrófico). Se identificaron dos estados ecosistémicos dentro de la laguna. En el oligotrófico sector exterior, los productores primarios dominantes fueron macroalgas, pastos marinos y diatomeas bénticas, en tanto que las asociaciones de moluscos fueron altamente diversas. En los sectores central e interior (incrementándose el estatus trófico hacia este último), se encontró un estado ecosistémico dominado por el fitoplancton y en el que las asociaciones de moluscos son menos diversas. A pesar del incremento de la eutrofización, estos dos ecosistemas distintos coexistieron y permanecieron sin cambios durante el periodo estudiado. En Laguna Larga, el efecto del tiempo de residencia del agua, que se incrementa dramáticamente hacia el interior de la laguna, domina aparentemente sobre el de la carga externa de nutrientes, que está distribuida de manera relativamente más homogénea a lo largo de la laguna. Por ello, consideramos que las acciones dirigidas a disminuir el tiempo de residencia del agua son probablemente las más efectivas en esta laguna y otras similarmente aisladas

Cálculo del área y volumen de agua de dos reservorios de Cuba Central usando métodos de sensores remotos. Una nueva perspectiva

[EN] The availability, quality and management of water constitute essential activities of national, regional and local governments and authorities. Historic annual rain (between 1961 and 2020) in Chambas River Basin (Central Cuba) was evaluated. Two remote sensing methods (Normalized Difference Water Index and RADAR images) were used to calculate the variation of water area and volumes of two reservoirs (Chambas II and Cañada Blanca) of Ciego de Ávila Province at end of wet and dry seasons from 2014-2021. The results showed that mean annual rain was 1330.9 ± 287.4 mm and it did not showed any significant tendency at evaluated period. For both reservoirs, mean water areas measured with two methods were 19 % and 8 % smaller than the mean water area reported by authorities for the same period. The static water storage capacity (water volume) of both reservoirs varied (as area) between seasons with the greatest volume in both reservoirs recorded in October of 2017 (30.5 million of m3 in Chambas II and 45.1 million of m3 in Cañada Blanca reservoir). Large deviations of water area and volumes occurred during the dry season (lower values) and the wet season of 2017 (influenced by rain associated to of Hurricane Irma) and wet season of 2020 (influenced by rain associated to tropical storm Laura). Calculated area volume models with significant statistical correlation are another useful tool that could be used to improve water management in terms of accuracy and to increase reliable results in cases where gauge measurements are scarce or not available.[ES] La disponibilidad, calidad y manejo del agua constituye actividades esenciales de los gobiernos y autoridades regionales y locales.  Fue evaluada La lluvia anual histórica (entre 1961 y 2020) de la Cuenca del Río Chambas. Para el cálculo de la variación de las áreas y volúmenes del agua en dos reservorios de la Provincia de Ciego de Ávila al término de las temporadas lluviosa y poco lluviosa entre 2014 y 2021 fueron usados dos métodos de sensores remotos (Índice Normalizado de Diferencia de Agua e imágenes del RADAR). Los resultados mostraron que la lluvia media anual fue 1330.9±287.4 mm y no mostró tendencia significativa en el período evaluado. Para ambos reservorios, las áreas promedio de agua medidas con los dos métodos fueron 19 % y 8 % menores que el área de agua reportadas por las autoridades para el mismo período. La capacidad estática de almacenamiento de agua (volumen de agua) de los dos reservorios varió (como el área) entre temporadas, con el mayor volumen determinado en ambos reservorios en octubre de 2017 (30.5 millones de m3 en Chambas II y 45.1 millones de m3 en Cañada Blanca). Grandes desviaciones de las áreas y volúmenes del agua ocurrieron durante la temporada poco lluviosa (menores valores) y la temporada lluviosa de 2017 (influenciada por las lluvias asociadas el huracán Irma) y la temporada lluviosa de 2020 (influenciada por la lluvia asociada a la tormenta Laura). Los modelos calculados para la relación área volumen con una significación estadística son otra herramienta útil que podría ser usada para mejorar el manejo del agua en términos de precisión y el incremento de resultados confiables en casos donde la medición de los niveles de agua son escasos o no están disponibles.Valero-Jorge, A.; González-De Zayas, R.; Alcántara-Martín, A.; Álvarez-Taboada, F.; Matos-Pupo, F.; Brown-Manrique, O. (2022). Water area and volume calculation of two reservoirs in Central Cuba using Remote Sensing Methods. A new perspective. Revista de Teledetección. (60):71-87. https://doi.org/10.4995/raet.2022.17770OJS71876

Psychological factors and wellbeing in breast cancer patients compared to healthy women

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, with nearly 1.7 million new cases diagnosed every year. This represents about 12% of all new cancer cases and 25% of all cancers in women (World Cancer Research Fund International, 2015). Also, it is estimated an increase of between 22.000-25.000 new cases per year. Even more, in spite of being considered a multi-causal disease, we must consider that between the 70% and the 80% breast cancer occurs in women without a likely risk factor

Water area and volume calculation of two reservoirs in Central Cuba using Remote Sensing Methods. A new perspective

[EN] The availability, quality and management of water constitute essential activities of national, regional and local governments and authorities. Historic annual rain (between 1961 and 2020) in Chambas River Basin (Central Cuba) was evaluated. Two remote sensing methods (Normalized Difference Water Index and RADAR images) were used to calculate the variation of water area and volumes of two reservoirs (Chambas II and Cañada Blanca) of Ciego de Ávila Province at end of wet and dry seasons from 2014-2021. The results showed that mean annual rain was 1330.9 ± 287.4 mm and it did not showed any significant tendency at evaluated period. For both reservoirs, mean water areas measured with two methods were 19 % and 8 % smaller than the mean water area reported by authorities for the same period. The static water storage capacity (water volume) of both reservoirs varied (as area) between seasons with the greatest volume in both reservoirs recorded in October of 2017 (30.5 million of m3 in Chambas II and 45.1 million of m3 in Cañada Blanca reservoir). Large deviations of water area and volumes occurred during the dry season (lower values) and the wet season of 2017 (influenced by rain associated to of Hurricane Irma) and wet season of 2020 (influenced by rain associated to tropical storm Laura). Calculated area – volume models with significant statistical correlation are another useful tool that could be used to improve water management in terms of accuracy and to increase reliable results in cases where gauge measurements are scarce or not available.S