Modelos para evaluar la situación de las bibliotecas escolares y la calidad de sus sitios web

El presente trabajo tiene dos objetivos: desarrollar un modelo exhaustivo de 44 indicadores para evaluar el funcionamiento o la situación de las bibliotecas escolares; y diseñar un modelo específico de 30 características para valorar objetivamente la calidad de los sitios web de las bibliotecas escolares. Además, se lleva a cabo la aplicación práctica de ambos modelos sobre las bibliotecas escolares de la ciudad de Badajoz (en la región de Extremadura, España) en 2012 con la finalidad de comprobar la validez de los modelos y obtener un ranking de las bibliotecas atendiendo a su situación y a la calidad de sus sitios web. Entre los resultados hallados se demuestra que no existe correlación entre el ranking obtenido por las bibliotecas escolares atendiendo a su situación actual y al ranking de calidad de sus sitios web.This paper approaches two objectives: 1) to develop a comprehensive model of 44 indicators to assess the performance or status of school libraries, and 2) to design a specific model of 30 objective features to assess the quality of school-based library web sites. In 2012, researchers documented the practical implementation of both models in school-based libraries in the City of Badajoz located in the region of Extremadura, Spain, in order to ascertain indicator validity and develop a library ranking in accord with operational quality of the respective websites. The results show that there is no correlation between the rank of school libraries based on current conditions and the quality rank of their associated websites.peerReviewe

Thermodynamic self-improvement in the stability of a low dissipative refrigerator engine

[EN]The optimization of energy converters using different objective functions has become a relevant issue due to the energetic needs of the everyday most specialized heat devices. The stability of the operation regime of such devices is always addressed as a separate subject. Thus, the link between the robustness of the steady state and the optimization process, as well as the thermodynamic consequences of limited control on the operation regime is still an ongoing topic with phenomena yet to understand [1]. In order to provide a somewhat general view for a class of heat devices, not attached to specific heat transfer mechanism, we make use of the so-called low-dissipation refrigerator engine [2-7]. In this work we analyse random perturbations on a low-dissipation refrigerator engine’s operation regime. For the operation regime we use the Omega function, which represent a compromise between cooling power and efficiency. We found that the trajectories to the steady state follow paths in which the most relevant thermodynamic functions are improved. And under continuous perturbations the resulting stochastic trajectories follow a statistical behaviour in which the role of the thermodynamic functions play a most relevant role. The results obtained from this study are reinforced by a multi-objective optimization study of this refrigerator engine, in which it is required a simultaneous optimization of all the relevant thermodynamical quantities, that is, efficiency (coefficient of performance), cooling power, power input, entropy production and the Omega function. We also make use of the Kullback-Leibler divergence to account for statistical convergence in the obtained numerical results. REFERENCES [1] M. Bauer, K. Brandner, and U. Seifert, Optimal performance of periodically driven, stochastic heat engines under limited control, Phys. Rev. E 93, 042112 (2016). [2] M. Esposito, R. Kawai, K. Lindenberg and C. Van den Broeck, Efficiency at maximum power of low-dissipation Carnot engines. Phys. Rev. Lett. 105, 150603 (2010) [3] Calvo Hernández A, Medina A and Roco J M M 2015 Time, entropy generation, and optimization in low-dissipation heat devices New J. Phys. 17 075011 [4] Viktor Holubec and Artem Ryabov, Efficiency at and near maximum power of low-dissipation heat engines, Phys. Rev. E 92, 052125 (2015) [5] Viktor Holubec and Artem Ryabov, Maximum efficiency of low-dissipation heat engines at arbitrary power, J. Stat. Mech. , 073204 (2016). [6] J. Gonzalez-Ayala, A. Calvo Hernández, J. M. M. Roco, Irreversible and endoreversible behaviors of the LD-model for heat devices: the role of the time constraints and symmetries on the performance at maximum χ figure of merit, J. Stat. Mech. 2016, 073202 (2016). [7] J. Gonzalez-Ayala, M. Santillán, I. Reyes-Ramírez and A. Calvo Hernández, Link between optimizatio

Metaverso y derecho: implicaciones éticas y jurídicas más allá de los horizontes de la privacidad

Memoria ID2022-058. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2022-2023

Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad

Con el lema “Geología para todos” el proyecto Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad apuesta por la divulgación de la Geología a todo tipo de público, incidiendo en la importancia de realizar simultáneamente una acción de integración social entre estudiantes y profesores de centros universitarios, de enseñanza infantil, primaria, de educación especial y un acercamiento con público con diversidad funcional

Geodivulgar: Geología y Sociedad 2018

Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

GEODIVULGAR: Geología y Sociedad

Fac. de Ciencias GeológicasFALSEsubmitte

Examining the immune signatures of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy and the impact on neurodevelopment: Protocol of the SIGNATURE longitudinal study

The COVID-19 pandemic represents a valuable opportunity to carry out cohort studies that allow us to advance our knowledge on pathophysiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric diseases. One of these opportunities is the study of the relationships between inflammation, brain development and an increased risk of suffering neuropsychiatric disorders. Based on the hypothesis that neuroinflammation during early stages of life is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders and confers a greater risk of developing neuropsychiatric disorders, we propose a cohort study of SARS-CoV-2-infected pregnant women and their newborns. The main objective of SIGNATURE project is to explore how the presence of prenatal SARS-CoV-2 infection and other non-infectious stressors generates an abnormal inflammatory activity in the newborn. The cohort of women during the COVID-19 pandemic will be psychological and biological monitored during their pregnancy, delivery, childbirth and postpartum. The biological information of the umbilical cord (foetus blood) and peripheral blood from the mother will be obtained after childbirth. These samples and the clinical characterisation of the cohort of mothers and newborns, are tremendously valuable at this time. This is a protocol report and no analyses have been conducted yet, being currently at, our study is in the recruitment process step. At the time of this publication, we have identified 1,060 SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers and all have already given birth. From the total of identified mothers, we have recruited 537 SARS-COV-2 infected women and all of them have completed the mental health assessment during pregnancy. We have collected biological samples from 119 mothers and babies. Additionally, we have recruited 390 non-infected pregnant women.This work has received support from the Fundación Alicia Koplowitz to realize the epigenetic wide association study and to the clinical assessment to the children. This work has also received public support from the Consejería de Salud y Familias para la financiación de la investigación, desarrollo e innovación (i + d + i) biomédica y en ciencias de la salud en Andalucía (CSyF 2021 - FEDER). Grant Grant number PECOVID- 0195-2020. Convocatoria financiada con Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) al 80% dentro del Programa Operativo de Andalucía FEDER 2014-2020. Andalucía se mueve con Europa. NG-T received payment under Rio Hortega contract CM20-00015 with the Carlos III Health Institute.Peer reviewe