Multicolour photometry and Coravel observations of stars in the southern open cluster IC 2488

We preseent new UBV photoelectric observations of 119 stars in the field of the southern open cluster IC 2488, supplemented by DDO and Washington photometry and Coravel radial velocities for a sample of red giant candidates. Nearly 50% of the stars sampled - including three red giants and one blue straggler - are found to be probable cluster members. Photometric membership probabilities of the red giant candidates show good agreement with those obtained from Coravel data. A mean radial velocity of (-2.63 +/- 0.06) km/s is derived for the cluster giants. The reddening across the cluster is found to be E(B-V) = 0.24 +/- 0.04. IC 2488, located at a distance of (1250 +/- 120) pc from the Sun and 96 below the Galactic plane, is most probably not related to the planetary nebulae ESO 166-PN21. A metal abundance 0.10 +/- 0.06 relative to the Sun is determined from DDO data of the red giant members, in good agreement with the metallicity values derived from five independent Washington abundance indices. An age of 180 Myr is determined from the fitting of isochrones computed with convective overshooting for Z = 0.019. The isochrone for log t = 8.25 reproduces remarkably well not only the morphology of the upper main sequence but also the observed red giant pattern.Fil: Claria Olmedo, Juan Jose. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Observatorio Astronomico de Cordoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Piatti, Andres Eduardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciónes Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Lapasset Gomar, Emilio. Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. Observatorio Astronomico de Cordoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Mermilliod, J. C.. Universite de Lausanne; Suiz

Aspectos epidemiológicos del traumatismo múltiple en un hospital de referencia: experiencia de 1 año

Se ha realizado un estudio epidemiológico de los traumatismos múltiples (TM) atendidos en el Servicio de Traumatología del Hospital Clínico de Valencia en 1992. De los 285 casos ingresados en el centro, 180 tuvieron su ingreso final en el Servicio de Traumatología. Ciento treinta y tres casos fueron varones y 47 mujeres, con edad media de 33 años. Se analizaron las variables edad, sexo, mecanismo lesional, días de ingreso, tipos de lesión, asociación de lesiones y tratamiento realizado. Por edad, la mayor incidencia fue de los l1 a los 40 años. La causa principal fue el accidente de tráfico. El Injury Severity Score (ISS) medio para toda la serie fue de 12,5 (rango: 3-48). El 75% de los pacientes tenían lesiones musculoesqueléticas en forma aislada. Las lesiones asociadas fueron traumatismo craneoencefálico (76 casos), traumatismo torácico (7 casos), traumatismo abdominal (6 casos) y combinaciones de ellos (16 casos). Se contabilizaron 345 fracturas (1,9 por paciente). La mayor frecuencia se observó en la extremidad inferior (48%), siendo la tibia el hueso más frecuentemente afectado. En total de 166 fracturas fueron tratadas en forma ortopédica, mientras que en 183 de ellas se realizó tratamiento quirúrgico (1,1 intervenciones por paciente). La estancia media hospitalaria fue de 14 días, con un tiempo de hospitalización significativamente mayor en los pacientes con un ISS mayor de 9.The cases of multiple trauma admitted in the University Clinic Hospital of Valencia during 1992 were epidemiologically assessed. A group of 180 patients were finally admitted in the Trauma Unit from a total of 285 hospital admittances. There were 133 men and 47 women, with mean age of 33 years. Age, sex, etiology, period of hospital discharge, type of injury, associated lesions and treatment were recorded from clinical charts. The age group between 11 and 40 years was the most frequently affected. Traffic accident was the most important cause of injury. The mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) for the hole series was 12,4 (3-48). Isolated musculoskeletal injury was found in 75% of the cases. Associated lesions were head trauma (76 cases), thoracic trauma (seven cases) and abdominal trauma (six cases). More than two combinations were found in 16 cases. A total of 345 fractures were recorded (1.9 fractures per patient). The highest frequency was observed in the lower extremity (48%). The tibia was the most affected bone. Conservative treatment was applied in 166 cases, while 183 cases were treated surgically (1.1 surgeries per patient). The mean hospital discharge was 14 days. Patients with ISS > 9 showed a significant higher hospital stay as compared to those with ISS < 9

Estudio biomecánico in vivo del grupo muscular flexor del codo en condiciones basales y su respuesta a la fatiga.

El objetivo del presente trabajo es establecer una aproximación al patrón de referencia habitual de la biomecánica del bíceps braquial y su respuesta a la fatiga. Sobre 37 voluntarios varones sanos se determinó una capacidad de contracción voluntaria máxima de flexión del codo de 266,8 ± 58,7N en el brazo dominante y de 258,2 ± 59,4N en el no dominante, que descendió a 211,5 ± 53N y 205,3 ± 56,5N respectivamente al someter a los voluntarios al test de fatiga (p<0,001 en ambos). El tiempo de fatiga se objetivó en 160,7 ± 72,8 s en el brazo dominante y en 156,7 ± 68,7 s en el no dominante. La supinación voluntaria máxima disminuyó de 208,7 ± 54N y 207 ± 54,8N hasta 194,1 ± 66,6N y 192,8 ± 66N respectivamente en el estudio postfatiga (p<0,001 en ambas). No se apreciaron diferencias significativas en el estudio de subgrupos por edades

Técnicas de ahorro de sangre en cirugía ortopédica

La cirugía ortopédica está asociada con frecuencia a la necesidad de transfusión de sangre homóloga, con los consiguientes riesgos que ello conlleva. En la actualidad se resalta la importancia de la disminución tanto de la transfusión como de la sobretransfusión en este tipo de cirugía. Dicho objetivo se puede alcanzar con el empleo de diversas técnicas de ahorro de sangre, que incluyan la potenciación del uso de sangre antóloga de métodos para disminuir el sangrado perioperatorio. La máxima eficacia para disminuir la necesidad de transfusión de sangre homóloga se deriva de la combinación de varias técnicas de ahorro, como son los programas de autotransfusión, la hipotensión controlada y el empleo de nuevos fármacos como eritropoyetina o aprotinina; todo ello sin olvidar la importancia de establecer unos criterios restrictivos, en consonancia con las directrices más actuales en este sentido, en el momento de indicar la necesidad de una transfusión sanguínea.Technique in orthopaedic surgery requires frequently transfusion of homologous blood which entails several risks. Nowadays, the importance of the decrease of both transfusion and overtransfusion has been proposed for this type of surgery. This aim can be reached by using different blood saving techniques including either the use of antologous blood or methods to minimize perioperative bleeding. The highest efficacy in order to diminish homologous blood transfusion combines several savings techniques as autotransfusion programs, controlled hypotension, and the use of new drugs such as erytropoyetin and aproinin. Restrictive criteria have to be established according to the more recent guidelines for blood transfusion

Evaluación mediante simulación de las competencias clínicas de los alumnos del máster en Enfermería de Anestesia, Reanimación y Terapia del Dolor de la UB.

Podeu consultar la Vuitena trobada de professorat de Ciències de la Salut completa a: http://hdl.handle.net/2445/66524Introduccion: EL MARTD es actualmente semipresencial con considerable contenido en prácticas clínicas que se desarrollan individualmente con tutores clínicos de varios centros asistenciales. La dispersión y posible variabilidad de esta organización debe garantizar el contenido y calidad del aprendizaje. En el curso 2013-14 planteamos evaluar los resultados de las prácticas con un doble objetivo: valorar las competencias de los alumnos y si nuestra organización conseguía los objetivos prácticos. El instrumento fue la observación de la actuación del alumno en un entorno simulado al final del periodo práctico. Metodologia: - Participaron los 60 alumnos matriculados, 30 evaluadores (15 enfermeras y 15 anestesiólogos) y 12 coordinadores de rotaciones y de estaciones. - Diseño de 6 estaciones con contenido relevante para la formación, ejecución en 10 min seguido de 15 min de “debriefing”, plantillas de evaluación de habilidades clínicas y no clínicas y criterios acordados por los evaluadores. Las estaciones fueron valoración preanestésica, bloqueo de plexo, anestesia general, preparación de perfusiones electrónicas de fármacos, depresión respiratoria y shock anafiláctico. - Se entrenó a los instructores sobre contenido y finalidad de la prueba, con 2 reuniones prácticas..

Hemangioma intramuscular: (aportación de 6 casos y revisión de la literatura)

Se presentan seis casos de hemangioma intramuscular. Se discute la etiología, histopatología, métodos diagnósticos y el tratamiento óptimo. El tratamiento de elección debe ser la escisión ampliada siempre que ésta sea posible, siendo los resultados satisfactorios.Six cases of haemangioma arising in skeletal muscle are described. The aetiology, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of thes e tumours are discussed. Wide excision remains the treatment of choice whereve r possible with satisfactory results

Increased efficacy and safety in the treatment of experimental liver cancer with a novel adenovirus-alphavirus hybrid vector

An improved viral vector for cancer gene therapy should be capable of infecting tumors with high efficiency, inducing specific and high-level expression of transgene in the tumor and selectively destroying tumor cells. In the design of such a vector to treat hepatocellular carcinoma, we took advantage of (a) the high infectivity of adenoviruses for hepatic cells, (b) the high level of protein expression and proapoptotic properties that characterize Semliki Forest virus (SFV) replicon, and (c) tumor selectivity provided by alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) promoter. We constructed a hybrid viral vector composed of a helper-dependent adenovirus containing an SFV replicon under the transcriptional control of AFP promoter and a transgene driven by SFV subgenomic promoter. Hybrid vectors containing murine interleukin-12 (mIL-12) genes or reporter gene LacZ showed very specific and high-level expression of transgenes in AFP-expressing hepatocellular carcinoma cells, both in vitro and in an in vivo hepatocellular carcinoma animal model. Infected hepatocellular carcinoma cells were selectively eliminated due to the induction of apoptosis by SFV replication. In a rat orthotopic liver tumor model, treatment of established tumors with a hybrid vector carrying mIL-12 gene resulted in strong antitumoral activity without accompanying toxicity. This new type of hybrid vectors may provide a potent and safe tool for cancer gene therapy

Indirect study of 19Ne states near the 18F+p threshold

The early E < 511 keV gamma-ray emission from novae depends critically on the 18F(p,a)15O reaction. Unfortunately the reaction rate of the 18F(p,a)15O reaction is still largely uncertain due to the unknown strengths of low-lying proton resonances near the 18F+p threshold which play an important role in the nova temperature regime. We report here our last results concerning the study of the d(18F,p)19F(alpha)15N transfer reaction. We show in particular that these two low-lying resonances cannot be neglected. These results are then used to perform a careful study of the remaining uncertainties associated to the 18F(p,a)15O and 18F(p,g)19Ne reaction rates.Comment: 18 pages, 8 figures. Accepted in Nuclear Physics

A new framework to enable equitable outcomes: resilience and nexus approaches combined

Managing integrated social-ecological systems to reduce risks to human and environmental well-being remains challenging in light of the rate and extent of undesirable changes that are occurring. Developing frameworks that are sufficiently integrative to guide research to deliver the necessary insights into all key system aspects is an important outstanding task. Among existing approaches, resilience and nexus framings both allow focus on unpacking relationships across scales and levels in a system and emphasize the involvement of different groups in decision making to different extents. They also suffer weaknesses and neither approach puts social justice considerations explicitly at its core. This has important implications for understanding who wins and loses out from different decisions and how social and ecological risks and trade-offs are shared and distributed, temporally and spatially. This paper conceptually integrates resilience and nexus approaches, developing a combined framework and indicating how it could effectively be operationalized in cases from mountain and mangrove social-ecological systems. In doing so, it advances understanding of complex social-ecological systems framings for risk-based decision making beyond that which could be achieved through use of either resilience or nexus approaches alone. Important next steps in testing the framework involve empirical and field operationalization, requiring interdisciplinary, mixed method approache

Climate change adaptation, flood risks and policy coherence in integrated water resources management in England

Integrated water resources management (IWRM) assumes coherence between cognate aspects of water governance at the river basin scale, for example water quality, energy production and agriculture objectives. But critics argue that IWRM is often less ‘integrated’ in practice, raising concerns over inter-sectoral coherence between implementing institutions. One increasingly significant aspect of IWRM is adaptation to climate change-related risks, including threats from flooding, which are particularly salient in England. Although multiple institutional mechanisms exist for flood risk management (FRM), their coherence remains a critical question for national adaptation. This paper therefore (1) maps the multi-level institutional frameworks determining both IWRM and FRM in England; (2) examines their interaction via various inter-institutional coordinating mechanisms; and (3) assesses the degree of coherence. The analysis suggests that cognate EU strategic objectives for flood risk assessment demonstrate relatively high vertical and horizontal coherence with river basin planning. However, there is less coherence with flood risk requirements for land-use planning and national flood protection objectives. Overall, this complex governance arrangement actually demonstrates de-coherence over time due to ongoing institutional fragmentation. Recommendations for increasing IWRM coherence in England or re-coherence based on greater spatial planning and coordination of water-use and land-use strategies are proposed