Health and Safety Implication of Demolition in Ghana

Today, demolition projects undertaking are complex in nature, demanding greater skill, experience and precision than ever before. Demolition works are associated with a lot of dangerous activities, which in one way or the other has a great hazardous influence on operatives and surroundings in respect to the adjoining properties. The risk involved in this activity is extremely high, which are concerned with various accidents in its process. The aim of this paper is to investigate into the health and safety implication of demolition in Ghana. The objectives are to the health hazard  associated with the demolition operations, to identify the health implication of demolition on the site. To determine the precautions implemented during demolition of works on site. Observation and questionnaires were adopted to collect the data. Descriptive statistics involving the use of tables and percentages were used to analyse the data. The analysis of the data once again revealed that, noise pollution recorded 71.43% as the highest impact  during demolition of works, followed by dust generation with 57.14%. Vibration also recorded 42.86% followed by hazardous substance and materials with 25%. Flying particles and debris, inhalation of toxic and unintentional collapse of structure recorded 21.43%, 14.29% and 7.14% respectively. It is also recommended that, all the workers goes through a proper job safety training and be informed of the potential hazards by attending sessions as well as on-the-job-training. Keywords: Health, Safety, Implication, Demolition, Ghan

Assessing the Potential Hazards of Demolishing Operation

Demolition is regarded as a dangerous and complex activity. It requires sound knowledge of various construction techniques, each of which has its own demolition method. This study aim at investigating the dangers and problems associated with the execution of demolition works. It contains an extensive analysis of the data gathered from a field survey and questionnaires issued. Thirty-five (35) questionnaires were distributed to various sites where demolition works were ongoing. Analysis drawn from structural questionnaires and observation revealed that, most demolition operators are often not provided with safety clothing or protective equipment on some demolition site. The study further revealed that, the general public is mostly exposed to excessive noise, dust or flying particles. These result in operatives experiencing injury in the process especially with the manual method. Also, most of these associated hazards or problems occur as a result of inadequate measures taken in ensuring safety on some demolition sites and its surroundings, workers not abiding by the necessary roles in ensuring a safe operation. This study concludes that, hazards in demolition works can never be prevented yet basic safety measures and the need for constant vigilance on site can reduce most of these hazards.  Recommendations to this study prompt that, all workers on demolition sites must be made aware of the kind of dangers or hazards that they could be exposed to with the method employed in the demolition. Trained personnel with the full knowledge of various techniques of demolition should be allowed to carry out the work. Keywords: Health, Safety, Potential, Hazards, Demolition

The Historical, Jurisprudential, and Empirical Wisdom of Parental Responsibility Laws

The parent-child relationship is woven deep within historical and contemporary culture, but strong retributive ideals have led to blaming parents because of their presumed vicarious role in juvenile crime. The current article will discuss the history, forms, legal challenges, and empirical research related to parental involvement laws in the United States. The parent-child relationship provides the historical framework behind the separate juvenile justice parens patriae system; however, with the juvenile justice system not as successful as originally imagined, blame has shifted to the parents. We examine the potential constitutional implications of enacting and enforcing parental involvement statutes and ordinances and also the potential efficacy of parental involvement laws in reducing juvenile delinquency. In addition, we propose empirical research to test the underlying assumptions about blame made by parental involvement laws

COLLECTIVE AGREEMENT PREFERENCES AND ADMINISTRATIVE STYLES OF PUBLIC SCHOOL PRINCIPALS

This study sought to determine the relationship between administrative styles of unionized public school principals and their collective agreement preferences. The eight administrative styles were: autocrat, benevolent autocrat, bureaucrat, compromiser, deserter, developer, executive and missionary. Eighteen most common provisions culled from union contracts were used in eliciting the preferences of the principals of the Council of Administrators and Supervisors, Local 12, AFSA, AFL-CIO. This study also attempted to determine the distributions of the responses of the principals classified according to their administrative styles. In addition, this study sought to determine whether significant differences existed between the means of the responses of the principals classified according to less and more effective administrative styles with respect to their collective agreement preferences. Finally, this study attempted to determine whether any significant relationships existed between the collective agreement preferences of the principals and the following variables: designation of school building, student enrollment of the building, number of professional staff, socio-economic status of the student body, and student enrollment of the school district. The subjects of this study included 166 principals of whom six were found to be autocrats; 11 were found to be benevolent autocrats; ten were found to be bureaucrats; nine were found to be compromisers; four were found to be deserters; 19 were found to be developers; 25 were found to be executives; and 72 were found to be missionaries. The materials employed in this study included the Educational Administrative Style Diagnosis Test which was developed by Reddin and Reddin (1975), and the Inventory of Collective Agreement Preferences of School Principals (ICAP) developed by the investigator. The ICAP was designed to elicit the preferences of principals with regard to the 18 collective agreement provisions. The procedures employed in the study included Problem Development, Instrument Selection and Development, Selection of the Sample, Collection and Scoring of Data and Statistical Procedures. The following findings and conclusions seemed justified: (1) The principals\u27 primary contract concern was for the provisions of salary, pension and retirement, sick leave and job security. (2) In accordance with Perlman\u27s economic welfare theory of unionism, as well as Simon\u27s theory of organizational membership, the principals indicated their concern for collective agreement, regardless of their administrative styles. (3) In accordance with Herzberg\u27s motivational hygiene theory, the principals attached at least considerable importance to all collective agreement provisions, regardless of their administrative styles. (4) All parts of the collective agreement were of considerable importance to principals of every administrative style, with Fringe Benefits, Part A, and Salary, Part D, considered to be most important. (5) Principals grouped according to less effective styles attached more importance to their collective agreement preferences than principals grouped according to more effective styles. (6) How the principals responded to one provision or part of a collective agreement was related to how the principals responded to the other provisions or parts. (7) The principals perceived the collective agreement as an integrated unit. (8) In general the variables of designation of school building, student enrollment of the building, number of professional staff, socio-economic status of the student body and student enrollment of the district were independent of the responses of the principals with respect to their collective agreement preferences or parts. (9) The high degree of congruence between the administrative styles of the principals and their collective agreement preferences conformed with Reddin\u27s 3-D Theory of Leadership Effectiveness

The speeches of the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone ...

On spine: Speeches on home rule, etc.Mode of access: Internet