PROGRAMA “GIRO EMOCIONAL”, PARA DESARROLLAR LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL EN NIÑOS DEL NIVEL INICIAL, DEL CENTRO POBLADO LA ESPERANZA, HUÁNUCO - 2015

Esta investigación busca responder : ¿Qué efectividad tiene la aplicación del Programa “Giro Emocional”, en el desarrollo de la Inteligencia Emocional en niños del nivel inicial del Centro Poblado La Esperanza, Huánuco - 2015?; y para poder resolver esta interrogante se ha orientado la investigación de siguiente manera: es de tipo experimental, cuyo diseño es experimental – cuasi experimental puesto que se ha trabajado con 2 grupos no equivalentes con pre y post test; teniendo como muestra a los alumnos que conforman las siguientes Instituciones: I.E.I. N° 073 de la Esperanza del cual se ha considerado como grupo control al aula rosada de 4 años (25 niños y niñas) y I.E.I. N° 683 de Jancao, del cual se ha considerado como grupo experimental al aula amarilla de 4 años (22 niños y niñas). Los resultados obtenidos luego de haber aplicado el Programa “Giro Emocional” al grupo experimental nos revela un elevado desarrollo de su inteligencia emocional, siendo los siguientes: el post test comprueba que un 32% de los niños lo hace SIEMPRE, un 41% A MENUDO, un 23 % A VECES y un 4% nunca lo ha desarrollado. Posteriormente al compararlo con los resultados del grupo control, se corrobora que poseen un exiguo desarrollo de su inteligencia emocional, como se puede apreciar a continuación: que tanto el pre y post test se evidencia que el 8% de los niños lo hace SIEMPRE, un 24% A MENUDO, un 56% A VECES y un 18% NUNCA lo ha desarrollado. De este modo queda probado la efectividad del programa “Giro Emocional” en el desarrollo de la Inteligencia Emocional de los niños del Nivel Inicial, del Centro Poblado La Esperanza, Huánuco – 2015, así como el grado de influencia que tienen sobre las cinco dimensiones de la Inteligencia emocional.Tesi

Low protein intake during the preconception period in beef heifers affects offspring and maternal behaviour

Maternal low protein diets prior to conception alter embryo and fetal development and are associated with detrimental outcomes in the offspring in many species. The aim of this study in beef cattle was to investigate the effect of preconception dietary protein upon maternal and offspring behaviour at birth concomitant with the associated hormonal profile. Sixty days prior to conception, nulliparous yearling heifers (n = 85) were fed either a High (PreH: 18%; n = 43) or Low (PreL: 10%; n = 42) crude protein diet, followed by a control diet throughout gestation. After calving, each cow-calf pair was penned individually, accelerometers fitted, and each pen observed continuously via video recordings. Cows fed on the low protein diet during preconception showed an increase in standing time (P [less than] 0.01); while calves born to heifers receiving the PreL diet showed an increase in suckling time (P = 0.04). These calves were also heavier at birth than calves from PreH mothers (P [less than] 0.01). In conclusion, low maternal dietary protein prior to conception in beef heifers modifies both offspring feeding behaviour and birth weight, and cow’s standing times

EVALUACIÓN DE UNA VACUNA CONTRA Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis EN RATONES ALBINOS

La linfadenitis granulomatosa es una enfermedad de significancia económica en alpacas, la cual es causada por Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, una bacteria gram positiva cuyo principal factor de virulencia es una exotoxina (fosfolipasa D). El objetivo del presente trabajo fue probar la eficacia de una vacuna elaborada a partir de precipitado proteico de C. pseudotuberculosis conteniendo la exotoxina, en un grupo de 20 ratones (grupo vacunado), quienes recibieron el inóculo con C.pseudotuberculosis, frente a otro grupo de 20 ratones (grupo control), quienes recibieron placebo y el inóculo. La inmunización del grupo vacunado con 16 g del precipitado proteico de C. pseudotuberculosis indujo protección después de la inoculación intraperitoneal con 104 UFC de C. pseudotuberculosis. La vacuna disminuyó los efectos tóxicos del C. pseudotuberculosis, lo cual se observó con la disminución del número y tamaño de abscesos de los animales del grupo vacunado (40% afectado) comparado con las lesiones severas y generalizadas encontradas en los animales del grupo control (95% afectado). Como parte de la metodología se desarrolló la técnica de PCR para la detección de C.pseudotuberculosis en los animales que presentaban abscesos, encontrándose una banda de DNA de 815 bp, demostrándose así al C. pseudotuberculosis como agente causal de la infección.The granulomatous lymphadenitis is an economically important infectious disease in alpacas. This disease is caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, which is a gram positive bacterium that has an exotoxin (Phospholipase D) as its main virulence factor. The objective of this study was to test the efficacy of a vaccine in a group of mice (20 vaccinated and 20 control). The vaccine was prepared with protein extracts from C. pseudotuberculosis isolated from an alpaca, containing the exotoxin, and used for the immunization of mice which received 16 g of protein extract. This confered protection after challenging intraperitoneally with 104 UFC of C. pseudotuberculosis. The vaccine ameliorated the toxic effects of C. pseudotuberculosis, which was evidenced by the decrease in number and size of abscesses in the vaccinated group (40% affected), in contrast with the severe and systemic damages found in the control animals (95% affected). Furthermore, a PCR methodology was set up in order to detect C. pseudotuberculosis in the experimental animals which showed abscesses, producing a band of 815 bp, indicating that C. pseudotuberculosis was the pathogen agent involved in the infections

Effects of lameness treatment for claw horn lesions on lying behaviour in dairy cows

Lameness affects lying behaviour in dairy cattle, increasing total lying time and the number of lying bouts. However, there is limited information about the effect of lameness treatment on dairy cow behaviour. This study investigated the effect of four lameness treatments on lying behaviour (total lying time, number of bouts, average bout duration and laterality of lying) in dairy cows. Forty-four newly lame cows were treated randomly with one of four treatment protocols: trim only, trim + block, trim + NSAID, and trim + block + NSAID. Thirty-four non-lame control cows were matched by parity, days in milk, and farm-pen. Each cow had an accelerometer attached to the hind leg, lying behaviour data was collected over 5 days immediately after treatment and analysed using multilevel regression models. Lame cows in three of the four treatment groups demonstrated no increase in lying time compared to non-lame controls. This finding is contrary to previous work and may reflect the enrolment criteria which favoured the selection of cows with mild disease i.e. before the behavioural impacts of lameness had manifested. Only cows in the treatment group which received a therapeutic trim and a foot block saw higher lying times post treatment. As this effect was not apparent in the group which received a NSAID in addition to a trim and a foot block, we hypothesise that this effect is caused by discomfort associated with the block. Where foot blocks are administered as part of treatment protocols, we propose that NSAIDs should be administered concurrently to alleviate the behavioural changes and likely discomfort associated with this treatment

Familial hypercholesterolaemia in children and adolescents from 48 countries: a cross-sectional study

Background: Approximately 450 000 children are born with familial hypercholesterolaemia worldwide every year, yet only 2·1% of adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia were diagnosed before age 18 years via current diagnostic approaches, which are derived from observations in adults. We aimed to characterise children and adolescents with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia (HeFH) and understand current approaches to the identification and management of familial hypercholesterolaemia to inform future public health strategies. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, we assessed children and adolescents younger than 18 years with a clinical or genetic diagnosis of HeFH at the time of entry into the Familial Hypercholesterolaemia Studies Collaboration (FHSC) registry between Oct 1, 2015, and Jan 31, 2021. Data in the registry were collected from 55 regional or national registries in 48 countries. Diagnoses relying on self-reported history of familial hypercholesterolaemia and suspected secondary hypercholesterolaemia were excluded from the registry; people with untreated LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) of at least 13·0 mmol/L were excluded from this study. Data were assessed overall and by WHO region, World Bank country income status, age, diagnostic criteria, and index-case status. The main outcome of this study was to assess current identification and management of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia. Findings: Of 63 093 individuals in the FHSC registry, 11 848 (18·8%) were children or adolescents younger than 18 years with HeFH and were included in this study; 5756 (50·2%) of 11 476 included individuals were female and 5720 (49·8%) were male. Sex data were missing for 372 (3·1%) of 11 848 individuals. Median age at registry entry was 9·6 years (IQR 5·8-13·2). 10 099 (89·9%) of 11 235 included individuals had a final genetically confirmed diagnosis of familial hypercholesterolaemia and 1136 (10·1%) had a clinical diagnosis. Genetically confirmed diagnosis data or clinical diagnosis data were missing for 613 (5·2%) of 11 848 individuals. Genetic diagnosis was more common in children and adolescents from high-income countries (9427 [92·4%] of 10 202) than in children and adolescents from non-high-income countries (199 [48·0%] of 415). 3414 (31·6%) of 10 804 children or adolescents were index cases. Familial-hypercholesterolaemia-related physical signs, cardiovascular risk factors, and cardiovascular disease were uncommon, but were more common in non-high-income countries. 7557 (72·4%) of 10 428 included children or adolescents were not taking lipid-lowering medication (LLM) and had a median LDL-C of 5·00 mmol/L (IQR 4·05-6·08). Compared with genetic diagnosis, the use of unadapted clinical criteria intended for use in adults and reliant on more extreme phenotypes could result in 50-75% of children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia not being identified. Interpretation: Clinical characteristics observed in adults with familial hypercholesterolaemia are uncommon in children and adolescents with familial hypercholesterolaemia, hence detection in this age group relies on measurement of LDL-C and genetic confirmation. Where genetic testing is unavailable, increased availability and use of LDL-C measurements in the first few years of life could help reduce the current gap between prevalence and detection, enabling increased use of combination LLM to reach recommended LDL-C targets early in life

Evaluación de la potencia de una vacuna contra Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis en ratones albinos

La linfadenitis granulomatosa es una enfermedad de significancía económica en alpacas, la cual es causada por Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, una bacteria gram positiva cuyo principal factor de virulencia es la exotoxina que es una fossolipasa D. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue probar la potencia de una vacuna elaborada a partir de precipitado proteico de C. Pseudotuberculosis, conteniendo la exotoxina, en un grupo de 20 ratones (grupo vacunado) quienes recibieron la vacuna y el inoculo con C. Pseudotuberculosis y compararlos con otro grupo de 20 ratones (grupo control) quienes recibieron placebo y el inoculo con C. Pseudotuberculosis. La inmunización del grupo vacunado con 16ug del precipitado proteico de C. Pseudotuberculosisindujo protección después de la inoculación intraperitoneal con 104 UFC de C. Pseudotuberculosis. La vacuna disminuyo los efectos tóxicos del C. Pseudotuberculosis, lo cual se observo con la disminución del numero y tamaño de abscesos de los animales del grupo vacunado (40%) comparado con las lesiones severas y generalizadas encontradas en los animales del grupo control (95%)que no fueron vacunados. Como parte de la metodología se desarrollo la técnica de PCR par la detección de C. Pseudotuberculosis en los animales con presencia de abscesos, en todos ellos salió positivo lo cual fue evidenciado con las bandas de DNA de 815bp demostrándose así q C. Pseudotuberculosis como agente causal de la infección.Tesi

Aplicación de estrategias metodológicas orientado a mejorar el desarrollo del pensamiento lógico matemático en estudiantes del segundo grado de la I.E. 40259, Pumacoto, Ocoña, 2016

TesisLa investigación titulada: “Aplicación de estrategias metodológicas para mejorar el desarrollo del pensamiento lógico matemático en estudiantes del segundo grado de la i.e. 40259, Pumacoto, Ocoña, 2016”. Se propuso como objetivo aplicar estrategias metodológicas eficaces orientadas a mejorar el desarrollo del pensamiento lógico matemático en estudiantes del segundo grado del Educción Primaria de la I.E 40259, Ocoña. Corresponde a la investigación acción participativa, enfoque cualitativo; asumió variables como estrategias metodológicas y pensamiento lógico matemático. Corresponde a la metodología es cualitativa, específicamente descriptiva. Las técnicas que se utilizaron fueron la encuesta, la observación y análisis; como instrumentos la encuesta, la ficha de observación y ficha de análisis, con ellas se recogieron información relevante sobre estrategias metodológicas y pensamientos lógico matemático. De acuerdo al cronograma se desarrolló el plan de mejora o acción. De acuerdo a los resultados, se verificaron algunas dificultades en los estudiantes en el manejo de estrategias metodológicas en el área de Matemática; específicamente en el desarrollo del pensamiento lógico matemático; dificultades que se atribuyen a la actitud de ciertos docentes que se resisten al cambio, poco comprometidos con su labor pedagógica