Organization of the cancer network in SUS: evolution of the care model

In the current context of epidemiological transition, demographic changes, changes in consumption and lifestyle habits, and pressure on care costs and organized health systems for acute conditions, the Integrated Care Model by Shortell has become a conceptual reference in the search for new methods to manage chronic conditions by focusing on the health conditions of a given population that must be addressed by a set of institutions organized into networks. Within the last 15 years, cancer has gone from the third- to the secondleading cause of death in the State of Sa˜o Paulo and has shown a gradual increase in the number of new cases; it has thus become a relevant issue for public health and health management. The model adopted by the State for the organization of the cancer care network was the motivation for this study, which aimed to evaluate the evolution of the model of care for cancer patients within the Unified Health System (Sistema U´ nico de Sau´ de) based on the integrated care model. Since 1993, the year that cancer was first considered highly complex in the Sistema U´ nico de Sau´ de by the Ministry of Health, it has been possible to observe a progressive orientation towards the integral and integrated care of patients with cancer. In the State of Sa˜o Paulo, the active participation of qualified service providers through a Technical Reference Committee showed that experts could contribute to the definition of public policies, thereby providing a technical base for decision making and contributing to the development of clinical management

Physical principles of Doppler ultrasonography

A ultra-sonografia Doppler é um método relativamente recente dentro da rotina veterinária que fornece informações em tempo real da arquitetura vascular e dos aspectos hemodinâmicos dos vasos sanguíneos examinados em diversos órgãos vitais. Pode determinar a presença, a direção e o tipo de fluxo sanguíneo. Esta revisão de literatura compila as informações sobre os princípios físicos da ultra-sonografia Doppler. A ampliação do conhecimento desta tecnologia possibilita a melhor compreensão das aplicações e limitações deste método diagnóstico, que tem se tornado rotina na medicina veterinária de pequenos animais.Doppler ultrasonography is a relatively new diagnostic tool in veterinary medicine that provides real time details about vascular architecture and hemodynamic aspects of examinated blood vessels in several internal organs. Doppler can identify the presence, direction and type of blood flow. This literature review provides information about the physical principles of Doppler ultrasonography. The enlargement of expertise about this technology lead to a better comprehension of its use and limitations as a diagnostic technique, which already becomes usual in veterinary medicine of small animals

EFFICIENT SIMULATION TOOL TO CHARACTERIZE THE RADAR CROSS SECTION OF A PEDESTRIAN IN NEAR FIELD

none4A simulation tool to characterize the radar cross section of a pedestrian in near field is presented in the paper. The tool has been developed in order to predict and optimize the performance of the short-range radar systems employed in autonomous vehicle operations. It is based on an analytical model which joins the modeling of the human body with the theory of the physical optics. Our studies first focused on the implementation of the electromagnetic code where the human body, the radiation properties of the antenna and the scenario to be analyzed have been analytically expressed. Then, the proposed model has been validated in terms of accuracy comparing simulated and experimental data regarding the radar cross section of a metal sphere and of an adult, in the frequency range 23-28 GHz. In the end, an evaluation of the performance in terms of required computer memory and execution time has been carried out, comparing the proposed simulation tool with other numerical computational methods.openManfredi, Giovanni; Russo, Paola; De Leo, Alfredo; Cerri, GrazianoManfredi, Giovanni; Russo, Paola; De Leo, Alfredo; Cerri, Grazian

Fungicidal activity of some o-nitrophenyl-hydrazones

The antimycotic activity of 16 o-nitrophenylhydrazones against strains of Hansenula anomala, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida parapsyliosis, and Cryptococcus albidus was tested. All 16 compounds inhibited growth of the yeast strains. The inhibitory activity of the 4 methyl-derivatives substituted on the aromatic nucleus was particularly significant

Microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of hot deformed Mg9Al1Zn samples containing a friction stir processed zone

During the last decade, FSP of magnesium alloys has become more popular due to the potential microstructure refinement of their eutectic phases, and interest has increased around the AZ1 that is one of the most commercially used magnesium alloys. In this work, high pressure die cast AZ91 plates were tensile tested at high temperatures after friction stir processing (FSP), with the stirred region in the middle of the gauge length. Samples deformed at 350 °C revealed an increment of ductility that was doubled as compared to those deformed at 300 °C and a strengthening of the nugget was measured by Vickers microhardness (HV). The correlation of HV average values to local grain size confirmed the validity of the Hall–Petch type equation where stress is replaced by hardness. X-rays diffraction and electrical conductivity highlighted the potential increment of solute atoms in solid solution during FSP. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) investigations performed on as-FSPed and hot deformed samples determined MgAlZn and AlMn particles type evolution through statistical analysis that supported mechanical properties and the strengthening mechanisms. Keywords: AZ91, Friction stir processing, Mechanical properties, Microstructure, SEM, TE

REM Sleep and Endothermy: Potential Sites and Mechanism of a Reciprocal Interference

Numerous data show a reciprocal interaction between REM sleep and thermoregulation. During REM sleep, the function of thermoregulation appears to be impaired; from the other hand, the tonic activation of thermogenesis, such as during cold exposure, suppresses REM sleep occurrence. Recently, both the central neural network controlling REM sleep and the central neural network controlling thermoregulation have been progressively unraveled. Thermoregulation was shown to be controlled by a central "core" circuit, responsible for the maintenance of body temperature, modulated by a set of accessory areas. REM sleep was suggested to be controlled by a group of hypothalamic neurons overlooking at the REM sleep generating circuits within the brainstem. The two networks overlap in a few areas, and in this review, we will suggest that in such overlap may reside the explanation of the reciprocal interaction between REM sleep and thermoregulation. Considering the peculiar modulation of thermoregulation by REM sleep the result of their coincidental evolution, REM sleep may therefore be seen as a period of transient heterothermy