Single crystal tubes of beta alumina

Edge-defined, film-fed growth process allows both tubular shapes and single crystallinity to be achieved. Beta alumina in single crystal form makes possible membranes with improved conductivities. Single crystal membranes also eliminate problems associated with electrical short circuiting of membrane due to possible sodium metal diffusion

Phonetic Key to The Non-Standard Othography in The Novels of George Eliot

Any writer attempting to represent graphically variant pronunciations is faced with the double problem of being accurate as regards the pronunciation he has in mind and of choosing a spelling easily identifiable with the standard word. As a rule, he will keep most of the normal spelling and alter only the orthography of the syllable pronounced in a different way. The results of this operation should enable the reader to interpret the variant spelling quickly and, at the same time, give him a good idea about how that word sounds in dialect speech. It is not always easy to interpret variant spellings and the extra effort they demand from the reader\u27s attention may sometimes provoke his rejection; it all depends on the writer\u27s ability and on the reader\u27s good disposition. The existence of a long standing tradition in the use of dialects in English literature reaching as far back as Chaucer says much for their general acceptance among the public. Research has been carried out on this aspect of the works of some individual authors who tried to suggest Scottish, northern, southern or Cockney pronunciations in the XIXth century. Those were also the dialects most frequently described in glossaries, essays and periodicals, and the best known to the general reader. Yet very little has been said about the dialect in the novels of George Eliot 0), the first author to fully represent the speech of the West Midlands. The reason for this may be the almost total lack of dialect studies about this region in the XIXth century (2) and also the absence of other writers to continue the path she started

Aproximación a los conocimientos que tiene el alumnado al finalizar COU acerca de los materiales geológicos

The answers given by 200 Geology students to a set of Multiple Choice questions on geological materials (both: rocks and minerals) are presented. The result of this test shows that there are some relevant aspects that remain unsufficiently known by the students after finishing COU. The necessity of reducing the syllabuses to avoid this fact is pointed out

Electron-phonon interaction in quantum-dot/quantum-well semiconductor heterostructures

Polar optical phonons are studied in the framework of the dielectric continuum approach for a prototypical quantum-dot/quantum-well (QD/QW) heterostructure, including the derivation of the electron-phonon interaction Hamiltonian and a discussion of the effects of this interaction on the electronic energy levels. The particular example of the CdS/HgS QD/QW is addressed and the system is modelled according to the spherical geometry, considering a core sphere of material "1" surrounded by a spherically concentric layer of material "2", while the whole structure is embedded in a host matrix assumed as an infinite dielectric medium. The strength of the electron-LO phonon coupling is discussed in details and the polaronic corrections to both ground state and excited state electron energy levels are calculated. Interesting results concerning the dependence of polaronic corrections with the QD/QW structure size are analyzed.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figure

Interface optical phonons in spheroidal dots: Raman selection rules

The contribution of interface phonons to the first order Raman scattering in nanocrystals with non spherical geometry is analyzed. Interface optical phonons in the spheroidal geometry are discussed and the corresponding Frohlich-like electron-phonon interaction is reported in the framework of the dielectric continuum approach. It is shown that the interface phonon modes are strongly dependent on the nanocrystal geometry, particularly on the ellipsoid's semi-axis ratio. The new Raman selection rules have revealed that solely interface phonon modes with even angular momentum are allowed to contribute to the first order phonon-assisted scattering of light. On this basis we are able to give an explanation for the observed low frequency shoulders present in the Raman cross-section of several II-VI semiconductor nanostructures.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figure

Local Anchor Based Location Management Schemes for Small Cells in HetNets

(c) 2015 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other users, including reprinting/ republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted components of this work in other works.[EN] Existing location management (LM) methods for macrocells in LTE-Advanced have tracking area list (TAL) granularity. Therefore, a user equipment (UE) triggers a location update (LU) whenever it leaves its current TAL, and it is searched through paging (PG) with TAL accuracy. However, these procedures are not well-suited for small cells (SCs). The reasons are twofold. First, dense deployments of SCs imply that paging has a low probability to be successful in the first attempt, increasing the signaling overhead in the core network (CN). Second, smaller coverage areas lead to a higher mobility among cells, increasing the signaling overhead in the CN due to LUs. In this work, two LM schemes with fine granularity are proposed. These schemes update UE's location to a local anchor (LA) in a SC or tracking area (TA) basis, respectively. By increasing the accuracy of UE's location, a significant reduction of signaling overhead in the CN due to PG is achieved. Moreover, LUs to the LA are performed through direct X2-interface links to avoid signaling overhead in the CN. A versatile mobility model is developed and closed-form expressions for UEs' mobility metrics are found to validate the proposed schemes through variations of critical parameters such as TA/TAL configuration, UE's mobility patterns and cell residence times.This work has been supported by European Commission under the FP7 S2EuNet project and the Spanish Government through project TIN2013-47272-C2-1-RPacheco-Paramo, DF.; Akyildiz, IF.; Casares Giner, V. (2016). Local Anchor Based Location Management Schemes for Small Cells in HetNets. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing. 15(4):883-894. https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2015.2431717S88389415

Tourism management and information and communication technologies (ICTs): The new smart destinations approach

Este artículo analiza el nuevo enfoque de los destinos inteligentes para la gestión turística a escala local. Se estudia su génesis y se realiza una propuesta de conceptualización desde una perspectiva sistémica, que se contrasta con la gestión turística actual mediante una encuesta a municipios turísticos de la Comunidad Valenciana. Los resultados ponen de relieve que no se ha asumido como objetivo de gestión el enfoque de los destinos inteligentes, el cual requiere un proyecto global que incorpore cinco ámbitos fundamentales: gobernanza, sostenibilidad, conectividad, sistema de información e innovación. No obstante, la complejidad asociada a este enfoque hace aconsejable un desarrollo de tipo flexible, escalable y adaptado a cada entorno territorial.Aquest article analitza la nova perspectiva de les destinacions intel·ligents per a la gestió turística a escala local. Se n’hi estudia la gènesi i s’hi realitza una proposta de conceptualització des d’un punt de vista sistèmic que es contrasta amb la gestió turística actual mitjançant una enquesta als municipis turístics de la Comunitat Valenciana. Els resultats demostren que no s’ha assumit com a objectiu de gestió la perspectiva de les destinacions intel·ligents, la qual requereix un projecte global que integre cinc àmbits fonamentals: governança, sostenibilitat, connectivitat, sistema d’informació i innovació. Tanmateix, la complexitat associada a aquesta perspectiva fa aconsellable un desenvolupament de tipus flexible, escalable i adaptat a cada entorn territorial.This article analyzes the new smart destinations approach to tourism management at the local level. We examine the origins of this approach and propose a conceptualization from a systemic perspective, which is contrasted with current tourism management strategies through a survey of tourist destinations in the Valencia Region. The results show that the smart destinations approach has not been considered as a management objective. This approach requires a global project incorporating five key areas: governance, sustainability, connectivity, information system and innovation. However, due to the complexity of the smart tourist destination approach, a particular kind of development that is flexible, scalable and adapted to each geographical environment is recommendable.El presente trabajo se enmarca en el proyecto de investigación Nuevos enfoques para la planificación y gestión del territorio turístico: Conceptualización, análisis de experiencias y problemas. Definición de modelos operativos para destinos turísticos inteligentes (CSO2014-59193-R), financiado por el Programa Estatal de I+D+i, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

It’s time to be ashamed! Reactions to the breaking of a long-lasting self-censorship on ingroup war crimes

This study explores the reactions of Italian university students to information about colonial crimes perpetrated by the Italian Army during the invasion of Ethiopia (1935-36), events that are still self-censored in intergenerational narratives. Participants reported their emotions about the Italian colonial past and their knowledge of this historical period was examined. Then they read a parrhesic (i.e., straightforward) or, alternatively, an evasive narrative of crimes committed in Ethiopia in 1935-36 and, once again, reported related emotions. A week later, they evaluated the crimes’ seriousness, reported for the third time their emotions about Italy’s colonial past, and declared their moral shame, social shame, and guilt for colonial crimes. Finally, they expressed their support for reparative actions. As expected, the vast majority of participants knew little about past misdeeds. Participants presented with a parrhesic narrative were more able to acknowledge older generations’ responsibilities and to distance themselves morally from them. Moral and social shame, outrage, and a reduced sense of pride, rather than guilt or anger, predicted support for reparations. The limitations of the present study, and future research perspectives, are discussed

Electroreflectance spectroscopy in self-assembled quantum dots: lens symmetry

Modulated electroreflectance spectroscopy $\Delta R/R$ of semiconductor self-assembled quantum dots is investigated. The structure is modeled as dots with lens shape geometry and circular cross section. A microscopic description of the electroreflectance spectrum and optical response in terms of an external electric field (${\bf F}$) and lens geometry have been considered. The field and lens symmetry dependence of all experimental parameters involved in the $\Delta R/R$ spectrum have been considered. Using the effective mass formalism the energies and the electronic states as a function of ${\bf F}$ and dot parameters are calculated. Also, in the framework of the strongly confined regime general expressions for the excitonic binding energies are reported. Optical selection rules are derived in the cases of the light wave vector perpendicular and parallel to $$. Detailed calculation of the Seraphin coefficients and electroreflectance spectrum are performed for the InAs and CdSe nanostructures. Calculations show good agreement with measurements recently performed on CdSe/ZnSe when statistical distribution on size is considered, explaining the main observed characteristic in the electroreflectance spectra

Headache during pregnancy : an observational study

Introducción: Las cefaleas primarias (CP) tienen mayor prevalencia e incidencia a menor edad y en su mayoría afectan a mujeres. La predilección femenina puede ser explicada por la relación de la cefalea y las hormonas sexuales, en particular el estrógeno. La migraña es la CP más discapacitante. Diversos estudios demuestran que dicha cefalea mejora durante el embarazo, principalmente en cuanto a frecuencia e intensidad. Objetivo: Caracterizar las CP según su intensidad y frecuencia durante el embarazo, además de valorar aspectos demográficos y clínicos asociados en estas pacientes. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal que analizó al azar mujeres durante el embarazo o puerperio mediato y se investigó el padecimiento de cefalea antes o durante el curso de dicho estado, mediante un cuestionario realizado por médicos del Servicio de Neurología. Se emplearon criterios de la International Headache Society 2018 (IHS) para la clasificación de cefaleas. Se analizaron datos con EpiInfo 7. Resultados: Se incluyeron 102 pacientes obstétricas. La media de edad fue de 27,6 años (DS+/-7). El 47,1% cursaba puerperio, 40,2% tercer trimestre, 7,8% segundo trimestre, 4,9% primer trimestre. El 14% presentaba antecedentes patológicos previos. El 89,2% padecía CP previa al embarazo siendo mayor en frecuencia la cefalea tensional episódica (61,8%). Se observó que hubo mejoría durante el embarazo en el 71,4%.Además se vio que el 12,8% de las pacientes presentaron cefalea nueva durante el embarazo siendo más frecuente la secundaria (8,8%). Conclusión: Entre las pacientes que presentaban CP previa al embarazo se observó que la mayoría mejoró durante el mismo. Además se concluyó que ante la aparición de cefalea nueva durante el embarazo se deberían realizar estudios complementarios ya que la mayoría fue secundaria a patologías graves.Introduction: Primary headache disorders (PH) are pathologies with high prevalence and incidence in young people, affecting women predominantly. Female predilection is associated with the linkage between headache and sexual hormones, mainly estrogens. Migraine is the most disabling primary headache. Some studies have shown that intensity and frequency of migraine tend to improve during pregnancy. Objetive: Describe primary headaches during pregnancy, in terms of frequency and intensity, and assess demographic and clinical manifestations associated with this condition. Subjects and methods: Descriptive, transversal study that randomly analyzed women during pregnancy or mediate puerperium. Existence of headache before and after these conditions was investigated trough a questionary made by physicians of the Neurology Service. International Headache Society 2018 criteria (IHS) were used to classify headaches. Data were analyzed with EpiInfo 7. Results: One hundred and twoobstetric patients were included. Median agewas 27,6 (SD +/-7). 47,1% patientswere in puerperium, 40,2% in the third trimester, 7.8% in the second trimester and 4.9% in the first trimester. Previous medical history was reported in 14% cases. PH prior to pregnancy was reported in 89.2% patients, being episodic tension headache the most frequent (61.8%). Improvement of headache during pregnancy was detected in 71.4% of the cases. There was a 12,8% of new-onset headache during pregnancy, with the secondary etiology as the most frequent cause (8,8%). Conclusion: Most of the headaches previous to pregnancy improve during this condition. New-onset headache during pregnancy must induce to request complementary studies in order to rule out severe secondary etiologies.Fil: Peñalver, F.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Galiana, G.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Delfino, C.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Farfan Alé, F.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Sánchez, C.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Gonzalez, M.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Giner, F.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Rodríguez, N.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Martínez, M.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y NeurocirugíaFil: Ianardi, S.. Hospital Luis Lagomaggiore (Mendoza, Argentina). Servicio de Neurología y Neurocirugí