Desarrollo de un simulador reconfigurable de una línea de azulejos y el control automático de la línea utilizando CODESYS

Treball Final de Grau en Enginyeria Elèctrica. Codi: EE1045. Curs acadèmic: 2016/201

Modélisation de la lubrification des surfaces texturées (Application à la butée en régime hydrodynamique)

La compréhension et la modélisation d'un contact lubrifié en présence de texturation nécessitent une description physique très fine pour comprendre les analyses contradictoires et pour expliquer les résultats très différents en termes de performance présentes dans la littérature internationale. De nombreuses études théoriques et expérimentales ont montré que la texturation des surfaces pourrait améliorer les caractéristiques tribologiques des contacts. La capacité de charge, le coefficient de frottement et la résistance à l'usure sont les principales caractéristiques susceptibles d'être améliorées. La texturation de surface fait appel à de nombreux paramètres géométriques, qui peuvent agir de façon très différente selon le contact. Enfin, les phénomènes supposés expliquer l'apport de la texturation ne font pas l'unanimité dans la communauté scientifique. Ainsi, les différentes contradictions font que ce domaine de recherche est en pleine évolution.Dans ce contexte scientifique, l'objectif principal de cette thèse est de conduire, à travers une étude théorique et numérique approfondie, vers une meilleure compréhension des effets induits par la texturation dans un contact lubrifié. Les paramètres géométriques, essentiels par rapport aux phénomènes physiques générés, font l'objet d'une analyse étendue. Les éléments théoriques obtenus à travers cette étude permettront une optimisation opérationnelle de tous types de dispositifs fonctionnant dans un milieu lubrifié. Parmi ces nombreuses applications, la butée en régime hydrodynamique a été choisie afin d'illustrer la pertinence des résultats de nos recherches.Understanding and modeling a lubricated contact in the presence of surface textures requires a refined physical description in order to comprehend and explain the contradicting results that are currently presented in international literature. An increasing number of theoretical and experimental studies have shown that surface texturing could improve the tribological properties of lubricated or even dry contacts. The load-carrying capacity, the friction coefficient or the wear resistance are the main characteristics that can be improved through texturing. Nevertheless, the lubrication mechanisms that might explain these effects are still the subject of debate within the scientific community. These various contradictions have lead to a significant development of this particular field of research. In this scientific context, the main objective of this thesis is to lead, by means of a thorough numerical and theoretical analysis, towards a better understanding of the physical effects induced by surface texturing in lubricated contacts. The geometrical parameters, which are essential with regard to the generated effects, are submitted to a detailed investigation that also takes into account the influence of the operating conditions (surface speed, viscosity, ambient pressure etc.). The theoretical conclusions obtained throughout this investigation should lead to an improvement in texture design and should allow an optimization of most devices operating in lubricated conditions. Among these various applications, the hydrodynamic thrust bearing has been chosen in order to illustrate the relevance of our findings.POITIERS-SCD-Bib. électronique (861949901) / SudocSudocFranceF

Combined experimental and multiphase computational fluid dynamics analysis of surface textured journal bearings in mixed regime of lubrication

This paper investigates the effect of surface texturing in a partial pad journal bearing through a series of controlled experiments at operating conditions, promoting mixed or boundary regimes of lubrication. Improvements to load carrying capacity are observed under certain operating conditions. A comprehensive computational finite volume multiphase fluid dynamics analysis, including vapour transport equation and modified finite-size cavity Rayleigh-Plesset model, is used to study the effect of indented surface textures in the microscale contact domain and within the individual textures themselves. The results show improved conditions with a textured journal through promotion of micro-hydrodynamic effect, delaying the effect of lubricant rupture, thus extending the effective load bearing region. A very good agreement is obtained between measurements and predictions

Magnetite and Metal-Impregnated Magnetite Catalysts in Organic Synthesis: A Very Old Concept with New Promising Perspectives

Magnetite is a well-known material, with the impregnation of transition metals onto its surface being a very old protocol for preparing catalysts. However, only recently, the combination of both, magnetite and impregnation protocols, have been recognized as a powerful methodology to prepare catalysts. The impregnation protocol, of nearly all transition metals in the magnetite surface, has rendered the first generation of catalysts. These simple catalysts have been used in a very broad range of organic transformations. Thus, simple imine derivative formation or unknown reactions such as the direct cross β-alkylation of primary alcohols, through dehydrogenation, oxidation, addition, hydrogen autotransfer, and multicomponent reactions has been accomplished using these catalysts. In most cases, these catalysts could be just isolated by magnetic decantation and reused several times without a detrimental effect on the initial results. In some cases, the study of the surface of the catalyst by means of several surface characterization techniques has permitted to determine the real species involved in the process and their structural changes within the reaction cycles. Furthermore, the post-modification of the catalysts by reduction or oxidation of the immobilized metal, or by the addition of ligands, has enlarged the applicability of this type of catalysts.This work was supported by the current Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (CTQ2011-24151) and by the University of Alicante

Modélisation de la lubrification des surfaces texturées - Application à la butée en régime hydrodynamique

Understanding and modeling a lubricated contact in the presence of surface textures requires a refined physical description in order to comprehend and explain the contradicting results that are currently presented in international literature. An increasing number of theoretical and experimental studies have shown that surface texturing could improve the tribological properties of lubricated or even dry contacts. The load-carrying capacity, the friction coefficient or the wear resistance are the main characteristics that can be improved through texturing. Nevertheless, the lubrication mechanisms that might explain these effects are still the subject of debate within the scientific community. These various contradictions have led to a significant development of this particular field of research. In this scientific context, the main objective of this thesis is to lead, by means of a thorough numerical and theoretical analysis, towards a better understanding of the physical effects induced by surface texturing in lubricated contacts. The geometrical parameters, which are essential with regard to the generated effects, are submitted to a detailed investigation that also takes into account the influence of the operating conditions (surface speed, viscosity, ambient pressure etc.). The theoretical conclusions obtained throughout this investigation should lead to an improvement in texture design and should allow an optimization of most devices operating in lubricated conditions. Among these various applications, the hydrodynamic thrust bearing has been chosen in order to illustrate the relevance of our findings.La compréhension et la modélisation d'un contact lubrifié en présence de texturation nécessitent une description physique très fine pour comprendre les analyses contradictoires et pour expliquer les résultats très différents en terme de performance présentés dans la littérature internationale. De nombreuses études théoriques et expérimentales ont montré que la texturation des surfaces pourrait améliorer les caractéristiques tribologiques des contacts. La capacité de charge, le coefficient de frottement et la résistance à l'usure sont les principales caractéristiques susceptibles d'être améliorées. La texturation de surface fait appel à de nombreux paramètres géométriques, qui peuvent agir de façon très différente selon le contact. Enfin, les phénomènes supposés expliquer l'apport de la texturation ne font pas l'unanimité dans la communauté scientifique. Ainsi, les différentes contradictions font que ce domaine de recherche est en pleine évolution. Dans ce contexte scientifique, l'objectif principal de cette thèse est de conduire, à travers une étude théorique et numérique approfondie, vers une meilleure compréhension des effets induits par la texturation dans un contact lubrifié. Les paramètres géométriques, essentiels par rapport aux phénomènes physiques générés, font l'objet d'une analyse étendue. Les éléments théoriques obtenus à travers cette étude permettront une optimisation opérationnelle de tous types de dispositifs fonctionnant dans un milieu lubrifié. Parmi ces nombreuses applications, la butée en régime hydrodynamique a été choisie afin d'illustrer la pertinence des résultats de nos recherches

Modeling the lubrication effects induced by textured surfaces. Application to the hydrodynamic thrust bearing

La compréhension et la modélisation d'un contact lubrifié en présence de texturation nécessitent une description physique très fine pour comprendre les analyses contradictoires et pour expliquer les résultats très différents en termes de performance présentes dans la littérature internationale. De nombreuses études théoriques et expérimentales ont montré que la texturation des surfaces pourrait améliorer les caractéristiques tribologiques des contacts. La capacité de charge, le coefficient de frottement et la résistance à l'usure sont les principales caractéristiques susceptibles d'être améliorées. La texturation de surface fait appel à de nombreux paramètres géométriques, qui peuvent agir de façon très différente selon le contact. Enfin, les phénomènes supposés expliquer l'apport de la texturation ne font pas l'unanimité dans la communauté scientifique. Ainsi, les différentes contradictions font que ce domaine de recherche est en pleine évolution.Dans ce contexte scientifique, l'objectif principal de cette thèse est de conduire, à travers une étude théorique et numérique approfondie, vers une meilleure compréhension des effets induits par la texturation dans un contact lubrifié. Les paramètres géométriques, essentiels par rapport aux phénomènes physiques générés, font l'objet d'une analyse étendue. Les éléments théoriques obtenus à travers cette étude permettront une optimisation opérationnelle de tous types de dispositifs fonctionnant dans un milieu lubrifié. Parmi ces nombreuses applications, la butée en régime hydrodynamique a été choisie afin d'illustrer la pertinence des résultats de nos recherches.Understanding and modeling a lubricated contact in the presence of surface textures requires a refined physical description in order to comprehend and explain the contradicting results that are currently presented in international literature. An increasing number of theoretical and experimental studies have shown that surface texturing could improve the tribological properties of lubricated or even dry contacts. The load-carrying capacity, the friction coefficient or the wear resistance are the main characteristics that can be improved through texturing. Nevertheless, the lubrication mechanisms that might explain these effects are still the subject of debate within the scientific community. These various contradictions have lead to a significant development of this particular field of research. In this scientific context, the main objective of this thesis is to lead, by means of a thorough numerical and theoretical analysis, towards a better understanding of the physical effects induced by surface texturing in lubricated contacts. The geometrical parameters, which are essential with regard to the generated effects, are submitted to a detailed investigation that also takes into account the influence of the operating conditions (surface speed, viscosity, ambient pressure etc.). The theoretical conclusions obtained throughout this investigation should lead to an improvement in texture design and should allow an optimization of most devices operating in lubricated conditions. Among these various applications, the hydrodynamic thrust bearing has been chosen in order to illustrate the relevance of our findings

The effects of rewards on employees’ motivation in the healthcare sector in Ireland

The objective and aim of this research study is to explore monetary and non-monetary rewards and their effects on the employees’ motivation in the healthcare sector in Ireland. Secondary research was used to create a better understanding of rewards systems and how they motivate employees. A qualitative method was used to conduct this research study and semi-structured interviews were utilized to collect the data. The research study had a sample size of fifteen healthcare employees, they were all above the age of 18. The participants were selected from a particular hospital located in Dublin, Ireland, using Snowball sampling. One of the core finding of this research study is that the healthcare employees in Ireland are motivated by both monetary and non-monetary rewards, however they are motivated more by non-monetary rewards. The two non-monetary rewards that motivate them the most are recognition and job security, other non-monetary rewards include job satisfaction, flexible working hours and training. The monetary rewards that motivate them are base salary and overtime payment. Limitations of the research study were considered, and future research questions were also provided

Effect of the Preparation Conditions on the Catalytic Properties of CoPt for Highly Efficient 4-Nitrophenol Reduction

CoPt alloys with Pt contents from 15 to 90% were prepared using low-cost electrochemical deposition. Different samples were synthesized from electrochemical baths at pH = 2.5 and 5.5 in a solution with and without saccharin as an additive. The morphology, composition and crystalline structure of the as-prepared samples were investigated by High Resolution—Scanning Electron Microscopy (HR-SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Ultra-high Resolution—Transmission Electron Microscopy (UHR-TEM), Energy-Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray Diffraction (XRD). XRD investigations revealed that fcc crystalline structure transforms into hcp crystalline structure when the pH of the electrochemical bath is increased from 2.5 to 5.5 as well as when saccharin is added to the electrochemical bath. The catalytic performance of the CoPt alloys for the nitro to amino phenol compounds conversion was investigated for all the prepared samples, and the results show that the conversion degree increases (from 11.4 to 96.5%) even though the Pt content in the samples decreases. From the samples prepared from the electrochemical bath with saccharin, a study regarding the effect of contact time was performed. The results indicated that after only 5 min, the CoPt sample prepared at pH = 5.5 in the presence of saccharin completely converted the nitro compound to an amino compound