Tara Distance of the Novo-Ishim Defensive Line: results of the comprehensive study in 2021

The paper features the results on the issues of existence and functioning of the Tara Distance of the Novo-Ishim (Presnogorkovskaya) defensive line of the XVIII century on the territory of the modern Omsk region. The purpose of the work is to summarize the results of comprehensive studies of a part of the Siberian fortified lines of the XVIII century. To achieve this purpose, the authors set and solved the following tasks: the study and systematization of already available data about the Tara Distance of the Novo-Ishim defensive line according to archival and published materials; field archaeological works on the search, fixation and determination of the borders of Tara Distance fortifications as archaeological sites; setting the identified cultural heritage objects on the state protection

Species Distribution During Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formation on Lithium Using MD/DFT-Parameterized Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations

Lithium metal batteries are one of the promising technologies for future energy storage. One open challenge is the generation of a stable and well performing Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) between lithium metal and electrolyte. Understanding the complex interaction of reactions at the lithium surface and the resulting SEI is crucial for knowledge-driven improvement of the SEI. This study reveals the internal species distribution and geometrical aspects of the native SEI during formation by model-based analysis. To achieve this, a combination of molecular dynamics, density functional theory, and stand-alone 3D-kinetic Monte Carlo simulations is used. The kinetic Monte Carlo model determines the SEI growth features over a long time and length scale so that the SEI can be analyzed quantitatively. The simulation confirms the frequently postulated layered SEI structure arising from the decomposition of an ethylene carbonate/lithium hexafluorophosphate (2 M) electrolyte with lithium metal. These layers are not clearly separated, which is contrary to what is often reported. The gradient distribution of the species within the SEI therefore corresponds to a partly mosaic structured SEI at the borders of the layers. At the lithium surface, an inorganic layer of lithium fluoride and then lithium carbonate is observed, followed by an organic, more porous SEI layer consisting of lithium ethylene dicarbonate. Simulations further reveal the strong prevalence of corrosion processes of the metal, which provide more than 99% of the lithium for the SEI reaction processes. The salt contributes less than 1% to the SEI formation. Additionally, SEI formation below and above the initial interface was observable. The here presented novel modeling approach allows an unprecedented in-depth analysis of processes during native SEI formation that can be used to improve design for high battery performance and durability

Polarization phenomena in open charm photoproduction processes

We analyze polarization effects in associative photoproduction of pseudoscalar ($\bar{D}$) charmed mesons in exclusive processes $\gamma+ N\to Y_c +\bar{D}$, $Y_c=\Lambda_c^+$, $\Sigma_c$. Circularly polarized photons induce nonzero polarization of the $Y_c$-hyperon with $x$- and $z$-components (in the reaction plane) and non vanishing asymmetries ${\cal A}_x$ and ${\cal A}_z$ for polarized nucleon target. These polarization observables can be predicted in model-independent way for exclusive $\bar{D}$-production processes in collinear kinematics. The T-even $Y_c$-polarization and asymmetries for non-collinear kinematics can be calculated in framework of an effective Lagrangian approach. The depolarization coefficients $D_{ab}$, characterizing the dependence of the $Y_c$-polarization on the nucleon polarization are also calculated.Comment: 36 pages 13 figure

Study of lysate activity to modificate collagene raw materials to use in sausage mixture

In the current conditions of import substitution, the effective use of secondary raw materials in the meat industry is a relevant issue. A significant source of animal proteins is by-products, the yield of which is about 10% of livestock weight. Some by-products, including beef rumen, contain collagen-containing tissues which require modification for tenderization and deodorization. In order to modify rumen tissues, the biotechnological method of treatment with an enzyme solution, lysate, obtained from a whole bovine abomasum was preferred to the known method where enzyme solution is prepared from an abomasal mucosa. The purpose of this project was to study the activity of lysate from a whole bovine abomasum for the modification of rumen tissue to use it in cooked sausage formulations. We have suggested the method of obtaining enzyme solution based on infusing the minced abomasum in a reaction mixture – water, chlorohydric acid, and sodium tripolyphosphate – followed by filtering. The dependence of proteolytic and collagenase activities of the solution obtained from phosphate dose introduced have been studied; it have been revealed that 1.5% of tripolyphosphate is the optimal dose for efficient extraction of enzymes from the whole abomasum. Besides, an effect of the enzyme solution on functional and technological properties of a heat-treated rumen has been studied, and the improvement of hydro- and lipophilic characteristics has been revealed. Paste with modified rumen has been developed and found that the maximum possible dose of rumen for use in cooked sausage from horsemeat is 15%. The color on the cut of sausage developed was identical to that of beef sausage. Thus, paste made on the basis of modified rumen contributes to the formation of functional and technological properties, the stabilization of the color characteristics of the final product, as well as the effective use of basic meat raw materials and the expansion of the range of economy class high-protein sausage production