Electrodialytic recovery of tungsten and cobalt from an industrial residue – preliminary assessment

Critical raw materials (CRMs) have a significant importance for key sectors in the European economy. This importance will continue to grow due to the Green Deal, as the sustainable transition to carbon neutrality by 2050 is settled in modern technologies and renewable energies, which are closely linked to a need for many raw materials. Europe is very highly dependent on imports of most of the raw materials needed by European industries, with a set of CRMs presenting a high level of concentration in particular countries, some of them geopolitically unstable. For this reason, the supply chains security depends largely on efficient management of resources throughout the lifecycle and the commitment to recycling using secondary resources, such as industrial residues. Investing in CRMs' recycling processes and their sustainability is essential to maintain the supply chains. The present work is the first attempt to study the application of the electrodialytic (ED) process for recovery of two CRMs, tungsten (W) and cobalt (Co), from tungsten carbide (WC-Co) scrap powder resultant from end-of-life cutting tools. ED process consists of the application of a low-level electric current, in the presence of cation and/or anion exchange membranes, which promote the separation between compartments. In this specific work, acid desorption of W and Co from the matrix was carried out, followed by electromigration and electrodialysis. Eight experiments were carried out during 24h, using ED cells with three (3C) and two (2C) compartments to perform three assessments: the best electrolyte, the best solid:liquid ratio, and the best current intensity. The WC-Co matrix was placed in the central cell compartment in the 3C setup and directly in the anode in a 2C cell. The results show that the 2C cell setup with NaCl 0.02 M as catholyte and citric acid 0.4 M as anolyte, a solid:liquid ratio 1:25, and an initial current intensity of 200 mA presented the highest W (2194 mg; 99.6% of total W solubilized) and Co (558 mg; 81.3% of total Co solubilized) recovery. However, the current intensity was not completely optimized yet and needs further investigation. This dissertation will contribute to guide future experimental work to optimize the ED conditions for W and Co recovery.As matérias-primas críticas (CRMs) possuem uma importância significativa para setores-chave da economia europeia. Essa importância vai continuar a aumentar com o Pacto Ecológico Europeu, uma vez que a transição sustentável para a neutralidade carbónica em 2050 está assente em tecnologias modernas e energias renováveis, intimamente ligadas a uma grande necessidade de um vasto número de matérias-primas. A Europa depende largamente das importações da maioria das matérias-primas necessárias às suas indústrias, materiais esses altamente concentrados num conjunto de países específicos, alguns deles geopoliticamente instáveis. Por esse motivo, a segurança das cadeias de abastecimento depende em grande parte da gestão eficiente dos recursos ao longo do seu ciclo de vida e do compromisso com a reciclagem, recorrendo a fontes secundárias como resíduos industriais. Investir nestes processos, bem como a garantir a sua sustentabilidade, é fundamental para assegurar a manutenção das cadeias de abastecimento. O presente trabalho consiste na primeira tentativa de estudar a aplicação do processo eletrodialítico (ED) para recuperação de duas matérias-primas críticas, tungsténio (W) e cobalto (Co), a partir de um pó de carbeto de tungsténio (WC-Co) macerado, resultante de ferramentas de corte em fim-de-vida. O processo ED consiste na aplicação de uma corrente elétrica de baixa intensidade, na presença de membranas de troca catiónica e/ou aniónica, que promovem a separação entre compartimentos. Neste trabalho específico, foi realizada uma dessorção ácida de W e Co da matriz sólida, seguida de eletromigração e eletrodiálise. Cada uma de oito experiências foi realizada durante 24h, utilizando células ED com três (3C) e dois (2C) compartimentos com três objetivos: obter o melhor eletrólito, o melhor rácio sólido:líquido e a melhor intensidade de corrente. A matriz de WC-Co foi colocada no compartimento central da célula 3C e diretamente no ânodo na célula 2C. Os resultados mostram que a configuração da célula 2C com NaCl 0.02 M como catolito e ácido cítrico 0.4 M como anolito, um rácio sólido:líquido de 1:25 e uma intensidade de corrente inicial de 200 mA apresentou a maior recuperação de W (2194 mg; 99.6% do total de W solubilizado) e Co (558 mg; 81.3% do total de Co solubilizado). No entanto, a intensidade da corrente ainda não foi completamente otimizada, necessitando de mais investigação. Esta dissertação contribuirá para futuros trabalhos experimentais com vista a otimizar as condições do processo ED para a recuperação de W e Co

Competências de avaliação participativa.

Objective. On this paper we discuss the competencies required for participatory evaluation processes, presenting the concept of co-evaluation (originated in the Evaluation Research area) and its emerging role in Information Science and Open Science. Design/Methodology/Approach. Considering that the discussion about collaborative assessment practices is becoming increasingly more relevant, a meta-evaluation perspective is adopted, contextualizing the pertinence and trajectory of the emerging concept of co-evaluation and giving special emphasis to the development contexts and transferability of competences, which are necessary for the their implementation. Results/Discusion. The results of the research carried out highlight the role of co-evaluation competences grouped into six dimensions: reflexive practice, technical-based practice, situational analysis, management, interorganizational competences and interpersonal competences. Conclusions. It is concluded that the wide experience of Information Science in evaluation practices may be a distinctive factor for the discussion around these competences. Originality/Value. The article presents an innovative approach that, by capitalizing on the contribution of Information Science, proposes a framework of co-evaluation competences, highlighting the transferability of competencies between evaluators and stakeholders in several contexts

A strategic and evidence-based approach

UIDB/04666/2020 UIDP/04666/2020Based on the outcomes of Project PLS, this paper discusses the role of strategy alignment and impact evaluation practices and competencies in the processes of gathering evidence and advocacy towards public libraries’ contribution to the UN 2030 Agenda.publishersversionpublishe

Sustainability Metrics in Library and Information Services: A Quality Management Framework

This paper discusses the role of sustainability metrics in quality management in Library and Information Services (LIS), contributing to the ongoing debate by developing an integrated framework that offers an opportunity to measure sustainability value, influence and meaning of information services, and providing an illustrative example of LIS professionals and students discussion in Portugal. LIS assessment experience can strongly contribute to the debate around culture and development and, therefore, global sustainability. But in order to have its expertise externally recognize, the library and information community needs to integrate the sustainability perspective into the LIS performance evaluation research and practice, using new tools and outlining a meta-management assessment strategy

Models and Strategies for Information Management: Convergence of Impacts

The current discussion around models and strategies for information management in the era of digital transition point to two dynamics, which follow the lifestyles, consumer habits and information behaviour of citizens: diversity of services and content, on one side; and convergence not only in media, but also in management modes, on the other. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the use of convergent information management models, strategies and impacts in Library, Archives and other Information Services (LAIS), in academic and practical/professional environments in Portugal. Three management areas - e-skills, e-consumption and sustainability – are discussed, providing details and a basis for the convergence analysis. Using two dimensions - the operationalization of strategy and the approach to group development of LAIS skills -the usage of convergent information management models and strategies in LAIS is then examined through three cases / examples. The first model / strategy identified provides an example of assessment and it is widely explained: (1) Co-creation workshops on Building a sustainability assessment framework: this interdisciplinary experience with students of Information and Documentation master courses in the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (FCSH/UNL) (December 2013-February 2014) and students of the Archives Post-graduation course at Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias (July 2014), led to the (co)definition of a conceptual framework for assessing the sustainability and impacts of LAIS as cultural organizations. Two other examples of information management models and strategies complemented this approach to convergence: (2) CIG’s Information and Documentation Centre (IDC) integrated the information management model (October 2013): the development of a new management model for the Commission for Citizenship and Gender Equality (CIG)’s LAIS was anchored on the implementation of a modern Library Management System, which boosted the creation/improvement and integration under the conceptual umbrella of a holistic new brand – IDC - of other information areas, like publishing inventory management, 3 ATINER CONFERENCE PAPER SERIES No: LIB2015-1812 archives and records management, digitalization of CIG’s historical archive and digitalization of special collections. (3) Information Management and Curation Post-graduation and Master courses: creation of a graduate (and Master) degree in Information Management and Curation (FCSH/UNL), proposing a model for studies in which information management assumes a prominent transverse position and developing an integrated model of skills enabling simultaneously managing diversity and the hybrid culture of services convergence needs of the information market (June 2014). When taking an overarching approach to the study of these models and strategies, attention should be paid to new operating models impacts and needed management skills, focusing on thinking strategies in the cultural and creative industries and considering culture as the fourth pillar of sustainable development. This focus opens new horizons for action by allowing the creation of new performance indicators, unifying the area of culture, aggregating data from libraries, archives, museums and other information services and, thereby, allowing an integrated strategic vision of the results and impacts. In the near future, management of integrated impacts seems to be the next step of the differentiation of quality

Síndrome de estrés laboral crónico por el trabajo (burnout) en los profesionales de la educación física brasileños

Burnout es resultado de la exposición prolongada al estrés laboral crónico con recuperación insuficiente. El presente estudio analizó los tres componentes de burnout (agotamiento emocional, despersonalización y realización profesional) en una muestra de profesionales de la educación física de la Región Metropolitana de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Fueron estudiados 588 sujetos y los componentes de burnout se definieron mediante la versión traducida del Maslach Burnout Inventory. Se trataron las diferencias entre sexo, edad y características laborales en los tres componentes de burnout. Los hombres obtuvieron como resultado puntuaciones más bajas asociadas con la realización profesional que las mujeres. Las puntuaciones equivalentes al agotamiento emocional y despersonalización fueron significativamente más elevadas en profesionales con más edad. Con relación a las características laborales, mayor experiencia profesional, calificación académica inferior, actividad en la enseñanza básica, jornada de trabajo ≥ 41 horas/semana, pluriempleo y menor ingreso económico aumentaron significativamente las posibilidades de padecer burnout. En conclusión, los presentes hallazgos pueden ser empleados para diseñar programas de intervención e implementar cambios en el ambiente de trabajo destinados a mejorar la salud laboral y el bienestar en general de los profesionales de la educación física.Burnout is the result of prolonged exposure to chronic work stress with insufficient recovery. This study examined the three components of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, personal accomplishment) in a sample of physical education professionals from the metropolitan region of Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. A total of 588 subjects were analysed and the components of burnout were defined by the Portuguese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory. We studied the differences between genders, ages and job characteristics for the three components of burnout. Men obtained lower scores associated with personal accomplishment than women. The equivalent scores for emotional exhaustion and depersonalisation were significantly higher in older professionals. Regarding job characteristics, greater work experience, lower academic qualification, professional activity in primary education, weekly workload ≥ 41 hours/week, multiple employment and lower income significantly increased the odds of the presence of burnout. In conclusion, these findings can be used to design intervention programmes and implement changes in the working environment aimed at improving occupational health and the overall well-being of physical education professionals.Burnout é resultado da exposição prolongada ao estresse laboral crônico com recuperação insuficiente. O presente estudo analisou os três componentes de burnout (esgotamento emocional, despersonalização e realização profissional) em uma amostra de profissionais de educação física da Região Metropolitana de Londrina, Paraná, Brasil. Foram estudados 588 sujeitos e se definiu os componentes de burnout mediante versão traduzida do Maslach Burnout Inventory. Foram tratadas as diferenças entre sexo, idade e características laborais nos três componentes de burnout. Os resultados apontaram homens com pontuações mais baixas associadas à realização profissional que as mulheres. As pontuações equivalentes ao esgotamento emocional e despersonalização foram significativamente mais elevadas em profissionais com mais idade. Com relação às características laborais, maior experiência profissional, qualificação acadêmica inferior, atuação no ensino básico, jornada de trabalho ≥ 41 horas/semana, pluri-emprego e menor ganho financeiro aumentaram significativamente as possibilidades de apresentar burnout. Concluindo, os achados do presente estudo podem ser utilizados para delinear programas de intervenção e implantar mudanças no ambiente de trabalho destinadas ao aprimoramento da saúde laboral e do bem-estar geral dos profissionais de educação física

Propriedades da córnea e glaucoma : revisão da literatura e meta-análise

SciELO - Scientific Electronic Library Online. ABO is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonComercial 4.0 Internacional.Purpose: Studies have suggested that corneal biomechanical properties influence intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements, namely central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal hysteresis (CH). The present study aimed to investigate the associations of CH and CCT with glaucoma development. Methods: We performed a review of the literature and meta-analysis of observational studies (2006-2016) that included both adult glaucoma patients and controls and reported CCT and CH as outcomes. Nineteen studies were conside red eligible, and the mean difference (MD) between groups (patient and control) for both variables was used for statistical analyses. Results: A total of 1,213 glaucoma and 1,055 healthy eyes were studied. Quan titative analysis suggested that CH was significantly lower in the glaucoma group than in the control group (MD=-1.54 mmHg, 95% CI [-1.68, -1.41], P<0.0001). Additionally, CCT was significantly lower in the glaucoma group than in the control group (MD=-8.49 µm, 95% CI [-11.36, -5.62], P<0.001). Conclusion: Corneal properties appear to differ between glaucoma patients and healthy controls. Our results emphasize the importance of corneal biomechanical properties in IOP interpretation and should support further studies on the influence of CH and CCT in glaucoma screening and diagnosis.Objetivo: A literatura sugere que as propriedades biomecânicas da córnea, nomea-damente a espessura central da córnea (ECC) e a histerese corneana (HC), influenciam a medição da pressão intraocular (PIO). Este estudo teve como objetivo investigar a associação entre a ECC e a HC e o desenvolvimento de glaucoma. Métodos: Revisão da literatura e meta-análise. Foram incluídos estudos observacio-nais, publicados entre 2006 e 2016, que integrassem um grupo controle e um grupo de pacientes com glaucoma em que estes dois grupos apresentassem, igualmente, a ECC e a HC como parâmetros. Dezenove estudos foram considerados elegíveis e a diferença média (MD) daqueles parâmetros nos dois grupos foi utilizada para análise estatística. Resultados: Estudaram-se um total de 1.213 olhos com glaucoma e 1.055 olhos saudáveis. A análise quantitativa revelou que a HC é significativamente mais baixa no grupo de doentes com glaucoma quando comparada com o grupo controle (MD=-1,54 mmHg, intervalo de confiança de 95% [-1,68-1,41], P<0,00001). A ECC foi, também, significativamente mais baixa no grupo glaucoma quando comparada com os indivíduos saudáveis MD=-8,49 μm, intervalo de confiança de 95% [-11,36, -5,62], P<0,001). Conclusão: Os pacientes com glaucoma parecem possuir propriedades corneanas diferentes das que apresentam os indivíduos saudáveis. Os resultados enfatizam a importância das propriedades biomecânicas da córnea na interpretação da PIO e devem contribuir para novos estudos sobre a influência da HC e da ECC no rastreio e diagnóstico do glaucoma.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An Alignment Perspective

UIDB/04666/2020 UIDP/04666/2020publishersversionpublishe

a methodological proposal

UID/HIS/04666/2019In September 2015, the United Nations (UN) Member States adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development setting the global, national and local framework for putting that responsibility into action (United Nations, 2015). The new global Agenda is formed by 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SGDs) which must be implemented by all countries until 2030, so that "no one will stay behind". The 169 associated targets are monitored and reviewed using a set of global indicators (Sustainable Development Solutions Network, 2015). Sectorial organizations worked on bringing their potential contributions to sustainable development to the attention of Member States and the UN. In the post-2015 process, the International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) continued its active engagement towards promoting libraries within the UN 2030 Agenda and consolidated it in one of the Key Initiatives under the Strategic Directions set for 2016-2021 (IFLA, 2015). It should be stressed that access to information has been recognized as a target under SDG16 (target 16.10), culture and ICT have also been included in the SGDs (target 11.4 and targets 5b, 9c, 17.8, respectively) and universal literacy is recognized in the vision for the UN 2030 Agenda (IFLA, 2018a) In Portugal, initiatives to promote library and information services within the 2030 Agenda are still modest, as research intersecting Information Science with Performance Evaluation and Sustainable Development is not yet sufficiently developed (Ochôa & Pinto, 2019). However, in November 2016, a team of researchers at the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of Universidade NOVA de Lisboa (NOVA FCSH, Portugal) started a research project entitled Public Libraries and Sustainability: Gathering Evidences of Contribution to SDGs (Project PLS) aimed at the development of a framework for evaluating libraries’ contribution to SDGs and tailor it to Portuguese public libraries (Pinto & Ochôa, 2018a). Based on the methodology developed on this Project, this paper discusses the role of strategy alignment and impact evaluation practices in the processes of gathering evidence and advocacy towards libraries’ contribution to the UN 2030 Agenda.publishersversionpublishe