Un Mateix camí amb dreceres diferents en funció del sexe: gametogènesi femenina

En humans, les aneuploïdies s'originen principalment a causa d'errors en la gametogènesi femenina. Aquest fenomen fa de l'oogènesi un tema d'estudi atractiu, tot i que per la dificultat que comporta l'obtenció de mostres no existeixen molts estudis al respecte. En aquest treball, es resumeix l'estat actual del problema, i es para especial atenció a les diferències existents entre la gametogènesi masculina i femenina que puguin explicar l'origen d'aquest important problema per a la societat actual.In humans, aneuploidy is mainly originated by errors produced during female gametogenesis. This phenomenon makes oogenesis such an attractive research topic, but due to the difficulties involving sample collection, not many studies have been performed in human oocytes. In this paper, a summary of the current knowledge about human female meiosis is provided, specially focusing on the differences between male and female gametogenesis that may explain the origin of such an important topic for Western society

Pairing and recombination features during meiosis in Cebus paraguayanus (Primates: Platyrrhini)

Background: Among neotropical Primates, the Cai monkey Cebus paraguayanus (CPA) presents long, conserved chromosome syntenies with the human karyotype (HSA) as well as numerous C+ blocks in different chromosome pairs. In this study, immunofluorescence (IF) against two proteins of the Synaptonemal Complex (SC), namely REC8 and SYCP1, two recombination protein markers (RPA and MLH1), and one protein involved in the pachytene checkpoint machinery (BRCA1) was performed in CPA spermatocytes in order to analyze chromosome meiotic behavior in detail. Results: Although in the vast majority of pachytene cells all autosomes were paired and synapsed, in a small number of nuclei the heterochromatic C-positive terminal region of bivalent 11 remained unpaired. The analysis of 75 CPA cells at pachytene revealed a mean of 43.22 MLH1 foci per nucleus and 1.07 MLH1 foci in each CPA bivalent 11, always positioned in the region homologous to HSA chromosome 21. Conclusion: Our results suggest that C blocks undergo delayed pairing and synapsis, although they do not interfere with the general progress of pairing and synapsis

Significado psicológico de México entre niños

El objetivo del trabajo fue detectar el significado psicológico de "México" en niñas y niños. Se trabajó con 60 estudiantes de Primaria, repartidos equitativamente por género, con edades entre nueve y once años. Se utilizó la técnica original de redes semánticas naturales para obtener la información referente al significado psicológico de México. Las aplicaciones se hicieron de forma grupal en los salones de clase. Los resultados dejan ver que entre los participantes hubo una definición muy favorable de México, en la que los niños orientaron sus respuestas hacia los aspectos políticos, en comparación con las niñas, que definieron a México con base en sus bellezas naturales y las características afectivas de sus habitantes. Se observó que prevalece una tendencia instrumental en el género masculino, en contraste con la de tipo afectivo y expresivo del género femenino, rasgos propios de la cultura mexicana desde mucho tiempo atrás, que al parecer no registran cambios trascendentales en los papeles o roles asignados para cada uno de los géneros en México

Total anthocyanin content determination in intact açaí (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and palmitero-juçara (Euterpe edulis Mart.) fruit using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) and multivariate calibration

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIR), and multivariate calibration potential as a rapid method to determinate anthocyanin content in intact fruit (açaí and palmitero-juçara). Several multivariate calibration techniques, including partial least squares (PLS), interval partial least squares, genetic algorithm, successive projections algorithm, and net analyte signal were compared and validated by establishing figures of merit. Suitable results were obtained with the PLS model (four latent variables and 5-point smoothing) with a detection limit of 6.2gkg−1, limit of quantification of 20.7gkg−1, accuracy estimated as root mean square error of prediction of 4.8gkg−1, mean selectivity of 0.79gkg−1, sensitivity of 5.04×10−3gkg−1, precision of 27.8gkg−1, and signal-to-noise ratio of 1.04×10−3gkg−1. These results suggest NIR spectroscopy and multivariate calibration can be effectively used to determine anthocyanin content in intact açaí and palmitero-juçara fruit

Prevalencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes para Covid-19 en personas atendidas en el Laboratorio Pribejlab - Huancayo de noviembre a diciembre del 2021

La inmunidad generada por las vacunas es indispensable para mantenernos protegidos frente a las diversas enfermedades producidas por los virus, en particular el SARS-CoV-2. El objetivo general de la investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes para COVID-19 en personas atendidas en el laboratorio PribejLab – Huancayo, de noviembre a diciembre del 2021. En cuanto a la metodología, el tipo de investigación fue básica, el nivel descriptivo, porque se observó la prevalencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes. El diseño fue no experimental, transversal, y el enfoque cuantitativo. La muestra censal estuvo compuesta por 180 personas. La variable fue los anticuerpos neutralizantes. La técnica utilizada, el análisis documental, y el instrumento, la ficha de recolección de datos, la misma que fue aplicada a los pacientes. El resultado señala una prevalencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes para COVID-19 del 83,9 % en las personas atendidas en el mencionado laboratorio. La conclusión refiere que existe una significativa prevalencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes para COVID-19 en las personas atendidas en el laboratorio Clínico PribejLab, quedando demostrado estadísticamente

Large area in situ fabrication of Poly(pyrrole)-nanowires on flexible thermoplastic films using Nanocontact printing

Abstract: Highly efficient nano-engineering tools will certainly revolutionize the biomedical and sensing devices research and development in the years to come. Here, we present a novel high performance conducting poly(pyrrole) nanowires (PPy-NW) patterning technology on thermoplastic surfaces (poly(ethylene terephthalate (PETE), poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate (PEN), polyimide (PI), and cyclic olefin copolymer (COC)) using nanocontact printing and controlled chemical polymerization (nCP-CCP) technique. The technique uses a commercial compact disk (CD) as a template to produce nanopatterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) stamps. The PDMS nanopatterned stamp was applied to print the PPy-NWs and the developed technology of nCP-CCP produced 3D conducting nanostructures. This new and very promising nanopatterning technology was achieved in a single step and with a low cost of fabrication over large areas

Early hydration of belite-ye’elimite-ferrite cements: Role of admixtures

The effect of TIPA and CaCl2 on early hydration, i.e. 24 h, of a B-BYF cement has been studied by in situ synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction, calorimetry, thermal analysis, NMR, and rheological measurements of the pastes and mechanical strength of the corresponding mortars. The addition of 0.05 %bwc (by weight of cement) of TIPA reduced the viscosity of the paste during the first minutes of hydration but, after the end of the induction period, ~7 h, it favored the formation of AFt compared to the reference paste. The latter is likely due to the acceleration of the dissolution of the amorphous aluminates and sulfates by the presence of TIPA. These results correlate with the increase of ~169% of the 1-day mechanical strengths. The addition of 2.0 %bwc of CaCl2 accelerated the dissolution rate of ye’elimite, causing an increase of the amount of precipitated ettringite even before the end of the induction period, which has been shorted to ~6 h. The 1-day mechanical strengths of the mortars with this admixture outperforms that of the reference mortar by 181%. Finally, ferrite and α’ H-belite reactivities were not affected by the addition of any of these admixtures during the first 24 h of hydration of this cement.P18-RT-720 from the Andalusian regional government and PID2019-104378RJ-I00 from the Spanish government are gratefully acknowl-edged. ALBA synchrotron is acknowledged for providing with beamtime at MSPD beamline. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málaga / CBUA