Efficient spatial-domain implementation of a multiscale image representation based on Gabor functions

Contiene tablas y fórmulasGabor schemes of multiscale image representation are useful in many computer vision applications. However, the classic Gabor expansion is computationally expensive due to the lack of orthogonality of Gabor functions. Some alternative schemes, based on the application of a bank of Gabor filters, have important advantages such as computational efficiency and robustness, at the cost of redundancy and lack of completeness. In a previous work we proposed a quasicomplete Gabor transform, suitable for fast implementations in either space or frequency domains. Reconstruction was achieved by simply adding together the even Gabor channels. In this work, we develop an optimized spatial-domain implementation, using one-dimensional, 11-tap filter masks, that is faster and more flexible than Fourier implementations. The reconstruction method is improved by applying fixed and independent weights to the Gabor channels before adding them. Finally, we analyze and implement, in the spatial domain, two ways to incorporate a high-pass residual, which permits a visually complete representation of the image.Peer reviewe

Activity markers on the anterior dentition of Neandertals: the case of cultural striations

Comunicación presentada en el XIII Encuentro en Jóvenes Investigadores en Paleontología (XIII EJIP) - XIII Meeting of Early-Stage Researchers in Paleontology (XIII EJIP): Cercedilla, 15 - 18 de Abril de 2015Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el proyecto CGL2012-36682 (MINECO)Peer reviewe

Temporal lobe surface anatomy and the bony relieves in the middle cranial fossa. The case of the El Sidrón (Spain) Neandertal sample

Resumen del póster presentado en: 3rd Annual Meeting of the European Society for the study of Human Evolution, 19-21 September 2013, Vienna/AustriaCGL 2012-36682 and CGL 2012-37279 (MINECO, Spain). Field work is supported by Consejería de Cultura del Principado de Asturias, Grant sponsor: Convenio Universidad de Oviedo-CSIC, Grant number: 060501040023Peer reviewe

Genetic evidence for patrilocal mating behaviour among Neandertal groups

The remains of 12 Neandertal individuals have been found at the El Sidrón site (Asturias, Spain), consisting of six adults, three adolescents, two juveniles, and one infant. Archaeological, paleontological, and geological evidence indicates that these individuals represent all or part of a contemporaneous social group of Neandertals, who died at around the same time and later were buried together as a result of a collapse of an underground karst. We sequenced phylogenetically informative positions of mtDNA hypervariable regions 1 and 2 from each of the remains. Our results show that the 12 individuals stem from three different maternal lineages, accounting for seven, four, and one individual(s), respectively. Using a Y-chromosome assay to confirm the morphological determination of sex for each individual, we found that, although the three adult males carried the same mtDNA lineage, each of the three adult females carried different mtDNA lineages. These findings provide evidence to indicate that Neandertal groups not only were small and characterized by low genetic diversity but also were likely to have practiced patrilocal mating behavior.C.L.-F. also is supported by an Intramural Grant from the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas. A.R., A.E., M.B., A.G.-T., and S.G.-V. are supported by Grant CGL2009-09013 from the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain.Peer reviewe

A preliminary assessment of the thoracic remains of the El Sidrón Neandertals (Asturias, Spain)

Resumen del póster presentado en: 3rd Annual Meeting of the European Society for the study of Human Evolution, 19-21 September 2013, Vienna/AustriaPeer reviewe

Possible further evidence of low genetic diversity in the El Sidrón (Asturias, Spain) Neandertal group: congenital clefts of the Atlas

Received: June 12, 2015; Accepted: August 5, 2015; Published: September 29, 2015We present here the first cases in Neandertals of congenital clefts of the arch of the atlas. Two atlases from El Sidrón, northern Spain, present respectively a defect of the posterior (frequency in extant modern human populations ranging from 0.73% to 3.84%), and anterior (frequency in extant modern human populations ranging from 0.087% to 0.1%) arch, a condition in most cases not associated with any clinical manifestation. The fact that two out of three observable atlases present a low frequency congenital condition, together with previously reported evidence of retained deciduous mandibular canine in two out of ten dentitions from El Sidrón, supports the previous observation based on genetic evidence that these Neandertals constituted a group with close genetic relations. Some have proposed for humans and other species that the presence of skeletal congenital conditions, although without clinical significance, could be used as a signal of endogamy or inbreeding. In the present case this interpretation would fit the general scenario of high incidence of rare conditions among Pleistocene humans and the specific scenariothat emerges from Neandertal paleogenetics, which points to long-term small and decreasing population size with reduced and isolated groups. Adverse environmental factors affecting early pregnancies would constitute an alternative, non-exclusive, explanation for a high incidence of congenital conditions. Further support or rejection of these interpretations will come from new genetic and skeletal evidence from Neandertal remains.Funding was provided by Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain, projects CGL2012-36682 and CGL2012-37279.Peer reviewe

First presence of Macaca sylvanus at the late Early Pleistocene of Barranc de la Boella (La Mina locality, Francolí Basin, NE Iberia)

This research has been funded by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, PID2021-122356NB-I00. D.F. is supported by the Ayuda del Programa de Formación de Profesorado Universitario (FPU20/03389) and is a Ph.D. student at the Programa de Doctorado en Biología at the Universidad Complutense de Madrid. A.E. is supported by H2020-MSCA-IF project No. 891529 (3DFOSSILDIET). A.P. is supported by the LATEUROPE project (Grant agreement ID 101052653) that has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s HORIZON1.1 research program. The Barranc de la Boella fieldwork is supported by the Ajuntament de la Canonja and Departament de Cultura of Generalitat de Catalunya (ARQ001SOL-186-2022). The Institut Català de Paleoecologia Humana i Evolució Social (IPHESCERCA) has received financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the ‘María de Maeztu’ program for Units of Excellence (CEX2019-000945-M).This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 89152

Response to comment on “The growth pattern of Neandertals, reconstructed from a juvenile skeleton from El Sidrón (Spain)”

The comment by DeSilva challenges our suggestion that brain growth of the El Sidrón J1 Neandertal was still incomplete at 7.7 years of age. Evidence suggests that endocranial volume is likely to represent less than 90% adult size at El Sidrón as well as Neandertal male plus Krapina samples, in line with further evidence from endocranial surface histology and dural sinus groove size

Aplicación y revisión de un sistema de evaluación formativa y compartida de competencias unificado en el Máster de Enseñanza Secundaria, especialidad Educación Física

Memoria ID12-0125. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2012-2013

2D Geometric morphometrics of the first lower molar of the genus Meles Brisson, 1762 including new badger evidence from the Lower Pleistocene Quibas site (Murcia, Spain)

[EN] Badgers belong to the genus Meles Brisson, 1762, which comprise four extant species (M. anakuma Temminck, 1844, M. leucurus (Hodgson, 1847), M. canescens Blanford, 1875, and M. meles (Linnaeus, 1758)). The genus is included in the subfamily Melinae Bonaparte, 1838, a polyphyletic group of Eurasian mustelids whose evolutionary relationships need further clarification. The evolutive relationships of the genus are complex and far from being resolved. This work aims to describe a nearly 1 Ma unpublished badger mandible from the Sierra de Quibas (Murcia) and to help clarify the evolutionary patterns of Euroasiatic badgers. To this end, we used 2D geometric morphometric techniques to measure 57 landmarks and semilandmarks in 79 first lower molars (m1) of Meles, ranging from Pleistocene to extant species. Our results show evidence for differentiating between primitive badgers and living species of Meles. The new m1 of Meles from the Quibas site is more gracile (relatively narrower and longer) than the other Eurasian extinct species, and shows that this specimen can be placed in the subspecies M. meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758). Our results also show that the denomination of M. meles atavus Kormos, 1914 as a related subspecies with a primitive morphology is morphologically supported. Therefore, we conclude that the living subspecies of badger M. meles meles was already differentiated in the south of the Iberian Peninsula at around 1 Ma, but some primitive remnant populations persisted in the north of the Iberian Peninsula, for which we recognize the subspecies M. meles atavus.[FR] Morphométrie géométrique 2D de la première molaire inférieure du genre Meles, incluant de nouvelles preuves de la présence de blaireaux sur le site de Quibas du Pléistocène inférieur (Murcie, Espagne). Les blaireaux sont un groupe polyphylétique de mustélidés au sein duquel on retrouve le genre Meles Brisson, 1762. Il appartient à la sous-famille Melinae Bonaparte, 1838 de distribution eurasienne, actuellement composée de quatre espèces vivantes (M. anakuma Temminck, 1844, M. leucurus (Hodgson, 1847), M. canescens Blanford, 1875 et M. meles (Linnaeus, 1758)). Les relations évolutives du genre sont complexes et loin d’être résolues. L’objectif de ce travail est de décrire une mandibule de blaireau inédite de près de 1 Ma de la Sierra de Quibas (Murcie) et d’aider à clarifier les schémas évolutifs des blaireaux euroasiatiques. À cette fin, nous avons utilisé des techniques morphométriques géométriques 2D pour mesurer 57 repères et semi-repères dans 79 premières molaires inférieures (m1) de Meles, allant du Pléistocène aux espèces existantes. Nos résultats montrent des preuves solides de la différenciation entre les blaireaux primitifs et les espèces vivantes de Meles. Le nouveau m1 de Meles du site de Quibas est plus gracile (relativement plus étroit et plus long) que les autres espèces eurasiennes éteintes, et montre que ce spécimen peut être placé dans la sous-espèce M. meles meles (Linnaeus, 1758). Nos résultats montrent également que la dénomination de M. meles atavus Kormos, 1914 en tant que sous-espèce apparentée avec une morphologie primitive est étayée morphologiquement. Par conséquent, nous concluons que la sous-espèce vivante de blaireau M. meles meles était déjà différenciée dans le sud de la péninsule Ibérique à environ 1 Ma, mais certaines populations relictuelles persistent dans le nord de la péninsule Ibérique, pour lesquelles nous reconnaissons la sous-espèce M. meles atavus.This work was supported by Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN/FEDER), Spain, Grant Number: CGL2016-75109-P; the Palarq Foundation, Spain; and the Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia, Spain, Grant Number: ARQ115/2018 (Subvención para la Investigación e Intervención en el Patrimonio Arqueológico y Paleontológico de la Región de Murcia). The Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia allowed and supported the field work. AV is also funded by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness and FEDER/EU (Research Projects PGC2018-094122-B-100 and PID2020- 116220GB-100), the Government of Aragon (Group ref. E33_20R), and the Research Group UCM 910607. PP is beneficiary of a postdoctoral fellowship from the Argentinian Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET). The “Juan de la Cierva Formación” program (FJCI-2017-32157), from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation, funds DGM.Peer reviewe