Resumen del póster presentado en: 3rd Annual Meeting of the European Society for the study of Human Evolution, 19-21 September 2013, Vienna/AustriaPeer reviewe

Barash, Alon

Bastir, Markus

Estalrrich, Almudena

García-Martínez, Daniel

García-Tabernero, Antonio

Huguet, Rosa

Rasilla, Marco de la

Recheis, Wolfgang

Rosas, Antonio

Digital.CSIC

1  3Rd AnnuAl Meeting of the European  Society  for the study of  Human  Evolution    19 – 21 SepteMbeR 2013 VIENNA / AuStRiAESHE · ABStrACtSESHE · ABStrACtS40 41Poster Presentation Number 30, Fr (18:00-20:00)A preliminary assessment of the thoracic remains of the El Sidrón Neandertals (Asturias, Spain)Markus Bastir1, Daniel García Martínez1, Almudena Estalrrich1, Antonio García Tabernero1, Rosa Huguet2, AlonBarash3,4, Wolfgang Recheis5, Marco de la Rasilla6, Antonio Rosas11 - Paleoanthropology Group, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales CSIC, Madrid, Spain · 2 - Institut Català de PaleoecologiaHumana i Evolució Social, Tarragona, Spain · 3 - Faculty of Medicine Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Zefat, Israel · 4 – Departmentof Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv, Israel · 5 -Department of Radiology, MedizinischeUniversität Innsbruck, Austria · 6 - Department of History, University of Oviedo, Spaine El Sidrón site (Asturias, Spain), dated to approximately 49 kyrs BP, has produced the most important collection of IberianNeandertals. More than 2400 fossil cranial and postcranial remains have been recovered so far. ese have been attributed to atleast thirteen individuals including seven adults, three adolescents, two juveniles and one infant (Rosas et al. 2006; 2012). ispaper presents ﬁrst results on our research on the thoracic skeleton of the El Sidrón Neandertals, and in particular, the ribs. eskeletal thorax is important in human evolution in several respects: it participates as the kinematic part in the ventilatory functionof the respiratory system, it connects morpho-functionally the cranium with the post-cranium, and the upper and lower parts ofthe thorax are central structures related to the ontogeny and evolution of body shape (Bastir 2008, Bastir et al., 2013).e currentsample of the El Sidrón costal skeletal remains contains about 245 fossils. eir degree of preservation ranges from fully preservedand undistorted ribs to highly fragmented remains. Also, a lower thorax has been recovered, which is still in anatomical connectionat the costo-vertebral articulations althoughwith some taphonomic distortion.e aim of this paper is to present ﬁrst results of ourongoing work on the remains of the thoracic skeleton and its bearing on the Neandertal ribcage morphology, its growth, and im-plications for body shape.Wemeasured 20 3D-landmarks and sliding semilandmarks per rib on surface-scans of original El Sidrónfossils and performed geometricmorphometrics to investigate size and shape variation. Data were comparedwith otherNeandertalfossils as well as with an ontogenetic sample of twenty-eight recent modern humans ranging from newborn to adults of both sexes(Bastir et al. 2013). Shape datawere analysed by principal components and partial least squares analyses to explore growth and adultallometric variation as well as patterns of morphological covariation. Our results suggest no size diﬀerences between Neandertalsand modern humans among the 1st ribs of adults. However, in terms of shape the El Sidrón 1st ribs are a systematically more elon-gated in antero-posterior direction and less curved than those of modern humans. e morphology of the ﬁrst rib is informativebecause partial least squares analysis in modern humans suggests a very tight correlation (R=0.85, p<0.001) between the shape ofthe ﬁrst rib and the shape of the remaining rib-cage. Assuming similar relations in Neanderthals we hypothesise therefore that theupper thorax of the El Sidrón Neandertals is particularly extended in an antero-posterior direction. Diﬀerences in the rib geome-try are likely also related to diﬀerences in the conﬁguration of the costo-vertebral articulations. In this respect, our results ﬁt withprevious observations (Franciscus and Churchill 2002; Gómez-Olivencia et al. 2009). e divergent orientations of ontogeneticshape trajectories in a comparative growth analysis suggest that thesemorphological diﬀerences are expressed later during postnatalontogeny.Acknowledgements: We thank the El Sidrón Excavation team, Philippe Mennecier and Antoine Balzeau. Research is funded byCGL 2012-37279 and CGL 2012-36682 (Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competition), ande Leakey Foundation.References:Bastir, M., 2008. A systems-model for the morphological analysis of integration and modularity in human craniofacial evolution. J.Anthropol. Sci. 86,37-58. Bastir, M, García-Martínez D., Recheis W., Barash A., Coquerelle M., Rios L., Peña A., and O’Higgins P., 2013. 3D analysis ofhuman ribcage ontogeny. Am. J. Phys. Anthropol. S56,75. Franciscus, R.G., and Churchill, S.E., 2002.e costal skeleton of Shanidar 3 and a reappraisalof Neandertal thoracic morphology. J. Hum. Evol. 42,303-356. Gómez-Olivencia A., Eaves-Johnson K.L., Franciscus R.G., Carretero, J.M., and Arsuaga,J.L., 2009. Kebara 2: new insights regarding the most complete Neandertal thorax. J. Hum. Evol. 57,75-90. Rosas, A., Estalrrich, A., García-Tabernero,A., Bastir, M., García-Vargas, S., Sánchez-Meseguer, A., Huguet, R., Lalueza-Fox, C., Peña-Melián, Á., Kranioti, E.F., et al. . 2012.e Neandertals fromEl Sidrón (Asturias, Spain). Updating of a new sample, Les Néandertaliens d’El Sidrón (Asturies, Espagne). Actualisation d’un nouvel échantillon.L’Anthropologie 116(1):57-76. Rosas, A., Martinez-Maza, C., Bastir, M., Garcia-Tabernero, A., Lalueza-Fox, C., Huguet, R., Ortiz, J.E., Julia, R., Soler,V., Torres, Td. et al. . 2006. Paleobiology and comparative morphology of a late Neandertal sample from El Sidrón, Asturias, Spain. Proc. Nat.Acad.Sci.USA. 103,19266-19271.Poster Presentation Number 59, Fr (18:00-20:00)Systems of adaptation during theMiddle to Upper Palaeolithic transition in Eastern Europe – theexamples of Crimea and theMiddle-Don RegionGuido Bataille11 - Institute of Prehistoric Archaeology, University of Colognee present study is based on the empirical investigation of LMP and EUP assemblages of Crimea and the Kostenki area. eCrimean Peninsula and the Kostenki region represent two complementary settings during theMiddle toUpper Palaeolithic transi-tion.Crimea shows a long survival ofMiddlePalaeolithic industries until 33/32.000 cal. BP. Furthermore,Crimea exhibits evidencefor the coexistence of lateMiddle Palaeolithic industries associated with fossil remains of Neanderthals (CrimeanMicoquian) andEarly Upper Palaeolithic remains attested by interstratiﬁcations at Buran-Kaya III and possible Middle Palaeolithic palimpsestswithin the Aurignacian sequence of Siuren 1. In contrast to that, the Kostenki region (Mid-Don region) has long been seen as un-inhabited byMiddle Palaeolithic groups during OIS 3 and ﬁrst colonized by Upper Palaeolithic groups, according to radiocarbondates prior to 40.000 cal. BP.eMiddle toUpper Palaeolithic transition in Eastern Europe between theCrimean Peninsula in theSouth and theCentral Russian Plain in theNorth ismarked by the occurrence of two diﬀerent adaptive systems.While the ﬁrst onecomprises tool-setswhich are basedon the bladelets, blades andbonepoints and the secondone features symmetrical bifacial foliateswhich are produced in a bi-convexmanner and lacks lamellarmicroliths and bone points.ese adaptive systems comprise diﬀerenttechno-complexes: the ﬁrst one includes theAurignacian and the initial Upper Palaeolithic industries of Kostenki 14 (layers IVa tillIVb) and Kostenki 17 (layer II/ ”Spitsynskaya”), and the second contains assemblages of the Streletskaya industry and the relatedtransitional assemblages of Kostenki 12, layer III (Mid-Don) and Buran-Kaya III, layer C (Crimea). According to absolute dataand stratigraphic markers the bladelet and blade based initial Upper Palaeolithic assemblages of Kostenki 14/IVb1-2 andKostenki17/II (Mid-Don) occur earlier than the assemblages based on the production of foliates and bifacial tools, such as Kostenki 12/III(Mid-Don) and Buran-Kaya III/C (Crimea). e latter assemblages show elements which might be linked to a Micoquian tradi-tion, while the former are more or less void of anyMiddle Palaeolithic elements. Due to this observation, the occurrence of foliateassemblages are interpreted as a reaction of regional Middle Palaeolithic groups to incoming early Upper Palaeolithic groups andas an in situ transformation of the material culture in the course of economic adaptations. All those adaptive innovations, centredin the today Russian Plain, are accompanied by the latest Middle Palaeolithic occurrences in Crimea.us, a complex scenario forthe Middle to Upper Palaeolithic transformation has to be considered, including dietary competition, processes of cultural trans-formation and the replacement of Middle Palaeolithic groups by occuring Early Upper Palaeolithic groups. Moreover, a culturaland genetical exchange between Middle and Upper Palaeolithic groups is possible. ese processes lead to the ﬁnal abandonmentof the Middle Palaeolithic mode of life, and its replacement by Upper Palaeolithic economical systems.Acknowledgements: I would like to express my gratitude to the following persons, which gave me the possibility to study assem-blages and samples of the sites Siuren 1 & Buran-Kaya III (Crimea)and Kostenki 6, Kostenki 12, Kostenki 14 & Kostenki 17(Russia): V. P. Chabai, Y. E. Demidenko, A. A. Sinitsyn, M. W. Anikovich & N. I. Platonova. Also I like thank my supervisor J.Richter, the German Science Foundation and the CRC 806 (”Our way to Europe”) for the funding of my journeys.

A preliminary assessment of the thoracic remains of the El Sidrón Neandertals (Asturias, Spain)

A preliminary assessment of the thoracic remains of the El Sidrón Neandertals (Asturias, Spain)

Abstract

Similar works

Full text

Available Versions

Digital.CSIC