177 research outputs found
Calidad asistencial de la atención primaria en el medio rural
Atención primaria (AP), como nivel básico de salud, aborda diferentes
actividades dirigidas a la población, de modo que se garantice la calidad y
accesibilidad a todas ellas de forma integral.
En el medio rural, concretamente en la comunidad de Castilla y León, los
pacientes de atención primaria tienden a ser usuarios de edad avanzada. A
esta circunstancia se le añade la problemática de la dispersión geográfica y la
existencia de multitud de pueblos con una baja densidad de población, por lo
cual el personal sanitario, en particular la enfermera, debe desplazarse entre
municipios para realizar su trabajo asistencial haciendo que el tiempo dedicado
a cada usuario se vea limitado.
Frente a esto, los profesionales deben ofrecer una atención de calidad con los
recursos disponibles, en ocasiones escasos, debido en gran medida a la
reducción de presupuestos orientados a la AP.
A través de este trabajo se pretende conocer la situación actual de atención
primaria en nuestra región y plantear, en base a la evaluación de un proyecto
propuesto, posibles mejoras en la asistencia en una zona básica específica de
la provincia de Segovia, como por ejemplo disminuir la carga de trabajo de los
sanitarios contratando a una mayor número de profesionales y cuidando
también su salud física y mental.Grado en Enfermerí
Effects of a concurrent exercise training program on low back and sciatic pain and pain disability in late pregnancy
Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the influence of a concurrent
exercise (aerobic + resistance) training program, from the 17th gestational
week (g.w.) until birth on low back and sciatic pain, and pain disability. A total
of 93 pregnant women divided into exercise (n = 49) and control (n = 44) groups
followed a 60-min,
3 days/week, concurrent exercise training.
Methods: Low back and sciatic pain were measured with a Visual Analogic
Scale (VAS). The disability resulting from pain was assessed with the Oswestry
Disability Index (ODI). Measures were performed at the 16th and 34th g.w.
Results: The exercise group increased 21.9 mm less the VAS low back (between-group
differences (B): 95% CI: −33.6 to −10.2; p < 0.001) and 12.9 mm less the
VAS sciatica score (between-group
differences: 95% CI (B): −21.8 to −4.0;
p = 0.005) than the control group. Regarding the ODI questionnaire, the exercise
group increased 0.7, 0.5, and 0.7 less than the control group in pain while sleeping
(between-group
differences (B): 95% CI: −1.4 to −0.01; p = 0.025), pain while lifting
weight (between-group
differences (B): 95% CI: −0.9 to −0.01; p = 0.016), and
limitations of the social life due to pain (between-group
differences(B): 95% CI:
−1.3 to −0.06; p = 0.032). Furthermore, the exercise group suffered 6.9% less pain than the control group in the ODI total score (between-group
differences (B): 95%
CI: −13.9 to 0.053; p = 0.052).
Conclusion: This concurrent exercise training program adapted to pregnant
women improved pain compared to controlsThe Regional Ministry
of Health of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0395-
2016)University of Granada, Excellence actions: Units of
Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and HealthJunta de Andalucía, Consejería
de Conocimiento, Investigación y UniversidadesEuropean Regional Development Fund (ERDF), REF.
SOMM17/6107/UGRMFA was additionally funded by
the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports
(Grant number FPU17/03715
Premenstrual and menstrual changes reported after COVID-19 vaccination: The EVA project
Background: Menstrual disorders were not reported as a possible secondary effect in any of the clinical trials for the
SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.
Aim: To describe the prevalence of perceived premenstrual and menstrual changes after COVID-19 vaccine
administration.
Design: Cross-sectional study.
Methods: A total of 14,153 women (mean age 31.5 ± 9.3 years old) who had received the full course of vaccination at
least three months earlier were included in this cross-sectional study. Data including the type of vaccine administered,
perceived changes in the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding, presence of clots, cycle length, and premenstrual
symptoms were collected through a retrospective online survey from June to September 2021.
Results: Of the women who participated in this study, 3136 reported no menstrual changes and 11,017 (78% of the
study sample) reported experiencing menstrual cycle changes after vaccination. In summary, women who reported
menstrual changes after vaccination were older (overall p < 0.001) and slightly more smokers (p = 0.05) than women
who did not report any changes. The most prevalent changes in relation to premenstrual symptoms were increased
fatigue (43%), abdominal bloating (37%), irritability (29%), sadness (28%), and headaches (28%). The most predominant
menstrual changes were more menstrual bleeding (43%), more menstrual pain (41%), delayed menstruation (38%), fewer
days of menstrual bleeding (34.5%), and shorter cycle length (32%).
Conclusion: Women vaccinated against COVID-19 usually perceive mild menstrual and premenstrual changes. Future
studies are warranted to clarify the physiological mechanisms behind these widely reported changes.Antonio Chamorro-Alejandro Otero Research Chair, University of Granad
Understanding the Meaning of Conformity to Feminine Norms in Lifestyle Habits and Health: A Cluster Analysis
Background: Gender roles impact different spheres of life and lead women to behavioral patterns and lifestyle habits associated with femininity, generating important differences between men and women in health. The present study analyzed relationships between conformity to the feminine norms and different lifestyle indicators: Educational level, marital status, alcohol consumption, tobacco consumption, sleeping hours, social support, and physical activity. Additionally, cluster analysis was developed in order to identify different patterns of gender role conformity.
Methods: The sample was made up of 347 women age 18–70 from Spain. Data collection was conducted during 2014.
Results: Multiple logistic regression analyses produced odds ratios showing that women with lower feminine role conformity were more likely to use tobacco and alcohol, but less likely to share their lives with someone. Cluster analysis found four different profiles of gender role conformity related to different patterns of alcohol consumption and marital status.
Conclusions: Conformity to feminine norms was associated with basic affective conditions such as sharing life with others and with alcohol and tobacco consumption, but not with physical activity, social support, and sleep duration. Whereas tobacco and alcohol use have important health implications, public health systems should pay attention to gender-related variables in order to design and implement specific prevention programs
A 16-week multicomponent exercise training program improves menopause-related symptoms in middle-aged women. The FLAMENCO project randomized control trial
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the influence of a supervised multicomponent exercise training program on menopause-related symptoms, particularly vasomotor symptoms (VMS), in middle-aged women.
Methods: A total of 112 middle-aged women (mean age 52 4 y old, age range 45-60 y) from the FLAMENCO
project (exercise [n ¼ 59] and counseling [n ¼ 53] groups) participated in this randomized controlled trial (perprotocol basis). The exercise group followed a multicomponent exercise program composed of 60-minute sessions
3 days per week for 16 weeks. The 15-item Cervantes Menopause and Health Subscale was used to assess the
frequency of menopause-related symptoms.
Results: After adjusting for body mass index and Mediterranean diet adherence, the subscales measuring
menopause-related symptoms and VMSs decreased 4.6 more in the exercise group compared to the counseling
group (between-group differences [B]: 95% CI: -8.8 to -0.2; P ¼ 0.040). The exercise group also showed significant
improvements in the subscales of couple relationships (between-group differences [B]: -1.87: 95% CI: -3.29 to -
0.45; P ¼ 0.010), psychological state (between-group differences [B]: -2.3: 95% CI: -5 to -0.2; P ¼ 0.035), and
VMSs (between-group differences [B]: -4.5: 95% CI: -8.8 to -0.2; p ¼ 0.040) in the Cervantes Menopause and
Health Subscale compared with the counseling group.
Conclusions: A 16-week multicomponent physical exercise program showed a positive effect on menopauserelated symptoms especially in couple relationships, psychological state, and VMS, among 45 to 60 year old women
Exercise, Mediterranean Diet Adherence or Both during Pregnancy to Prevent Postpartum Depression—GESTAFIT Trial Secondary Analyses
Targeting lifestyle behaviors during pregnancy is crucial to prevent the highly prevalent postpartum depression and its consequences. In these secondary analyses of an intervention trial to investigate the effects of concurrent exercise training on postpartum depression, we aimed to investigate the potential role of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence on the exercise effects. A total of 85 pregnant women met the per-protocol criteria (exercise n = 46, control n = 39). The exercise program was delivered in 60 min sessions, 3 days/week, from the 17th gestational week until birth. Women's dietary habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. The Mediterranean Food Pattern (an MD index) was derived from it to assess MD adherence. We used the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale to assess postpartum depression. The postpartum depression score was not statistically different between control and exercise groups (p > 0.05). A higher consumption of fruits (beta = -0.242, p = 0.022), lower intake of red meat and subproducts (beta = 0.244, p = 0.020), and a greater MD adherence (beta = -0.236, p = 0.027) were associated with lower levels of postpartum depression. Greater adherence to the MD during pregnancy was associated with fewer depressive symptoms and a lower risk of postpartum depression. Postnatal depression was not reduced by prenatal exercise. Promoting fruit consumption while controlling the intake of red meat during pregnancy might prevent postnatal depression.Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucia PI-0395-2016Research and Knowledge Transfer Fund (PPIT) 2016, Excellence Actions Programme: Scientific Units of Excellence (UCEES)Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Enterprises, and UniversityEuropean Regional Development Funds of the University of Granada SOMM17/6107/UGRSpanish Government FPU17/0371
Flora de interés en bosques-isla de Andalucía Occidental
Floristic reports in fragmented forests (island-forests) in western AndalusiaPalabras clave. Paisaje fragmentado, corología, flora, campiña, Andalucía Occidental, España.Key words. Fragmented landscape, chorology, flora, country side, Western Andalusia, Spai
Associations of Mediterranean diet with psychological ill‑being and well‑being throughout the pregnancy course: The GESTAFIT project
Purpose The relation between diet and maternal mental health during pregnancy might be relevant to prevent adverse
materno-foetal outcomes. This study examined the association of Mediterranean diet (MD) adherence and MD components
with mental health during pregnancy.
Methods This secondary analysis of the GESTAFIT trial included longitudinal data from 152 pregnant women. Dietary
habits were assessed with a food frequency questionnaire, and MD adherence was derived from it using the Mediterranean
Food pattern. Psychological ill-being (i.e., negative affect, anxiety, and depression) and well-being (i.e., emotional intelligence,
resilience, positive affect) were assessed with the Spanish version of well-established self-reported questionnaires.
Cross-sectional (16th gestational week [g.w.]) and longitudinal associations (34th g.w.) between MD and mental health were
studied using linear regression models.
Results A greater MD adherence was inversely associated with negative affect and anxiety; and positively associated with
emotional regulation, resilience and positive affect at the 16th and 34th g.w. (|β| ranging from 0.179 to 0.325, all p < 0.05).
Additionally, a higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, and a lower intake of red meat
and subproducts and sweets were associated with lower negative affect, anxiety, depression and higher emotional regulation,
resilience and positive affect throughout gestation (|β| ranging from 0.168 to 0.415, all p < 0.05).
Conclusion A higher intake of whole grain cereals, fruits, vegetables, fish, olive oil and nuts, together with a lower intake of
red meat and sweets, resulted in a higher MD adherence, which was associated with a better mental health during pregnancy.Universidad de Granada /CBUA
The Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0395–2016)
The Research and Knowledge Transfer Fund (PPIT) 2016, Excellence Actions Programme: Scientific Units of Excellence (UCEES), and the Regional Ministry of Economy, Knowledge, Enterprises and University, European Regional Development Funds (SOMM17/6107/UGR) of the University of Granada.
Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (Grant number FPU17/03715).
The Swedish Council for Health, Working Life and Welfare (2021-00036)
Effects of a concurrent exercise training program on low back and sciatic pain and pain disability in late pregnancy
Objective: The aim of the present study was to explore the influence of a concurrent exercise (aerobic + resistance) training program, from the 17th gestational week (g.w.) until birth on low back and sciatic pain, and pain disability. A total of 93 pregnant women divided into exercise (n = 49) and control (n = 44) groups followed a 60-min, 3 days/week, concurrent exercise training. Methods: Low back and sciatic pain were measured with a Visual Analogic Scale (VAS). The disability resulting from pain was assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). Measures were performed at the 16th and 34th g.w. Results: The exercise group increased 21.9 mm less the VAS low back (between-group differences (B): 95% CI: −33.6 to −10.2; p < 0.001) and 12.9 mm less the VAS sciatica score (between-group differences: 95% CI (B): −21.8 to −4.0; p = 0.005) than the control group. Regarding the ODI questionnaire, the exercise group increased 0.7, 0.5, and 0.7 less than the control group in pain while sleeping (between-group differences (B): 95% CI: −1.4 to −0.01; p = 0.025), pain while lifting weight (between-group differences (B): 95% CI: −0.9 to −0.01; p = 0.016), and limitations of the social life due to pain (between-group differences(B): 95% CI: −1.3 to −0.06; p = 0.032). Furthermore, the exercise group suffered 6.9% less pain than the control group in the ODI total score (between-group differences (B): 95% CI: −13.9 to 0.053; p = 0.052). Conclusion: This concurrent exercise training program adapted to pregnant women improved pain compared to controls.Funding information Regional Ministry of Health of the Junta de Andalucía, Grant/Award Number: PI-0395-2016; Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture, and Sports, Grant/Award Number: FPU17/03715; University of Granada, Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES), and by the Junta de Andalucía, Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades and European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), Grant/ Award Number: REF. SOMM17/6107/UGR10 página
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