Construyendo resiliencia alimentaria local. Experiencias de circuitos cortos en el centro y sureste de México

  Facing the contexts of poverty and difficulty in access to foods, local production, distribution and exchange supply chains of foods and seeds that promote own consumption and proximity exchanges have emerged in the last two decades, which are promoted by social actors interested in community, peasant life, and the local consumption of foods. Through a combination of documental analysis and qualitative techniques, these supply chains from the states that integrate the Yucatan Peninsula and two central states (Puebla and Tlaxcala) were studied between 2016 and 2018, with the aim of characterizing their similarities and differences and to analyze social dynamics that give rise to processes of resilience in the sociocultural, environmental, economic, dietary and organizational spheres. Lacking a public policy that promotes local production and consumption, short food supply chains not only strengthen the local production and consumption of foods but rather acquire a political sense by promoting collective actions in defense of the biological and cultural heritage, setting a precedent at the national scale and showing action paths for other collectives in Latin America. Ante contextos de pobreza y dificultad en el acceso a alimentos han surgido en las últimas dos décadas circuitos locales de producción, distribución e intercambio de alimentos y semillas que fomentan el autoconsumo e intercambios de proximidad y son promovidos por actores sociales interesados en la vida comunitaria, campesina y el consumo local de alimentos. Mediante una combinación de análisis documental y técnicas cualitativas se investigaron entre 2016 y 2018 estos circuitos en los estados que conforman la península de Yucatán y en dos estados del centro el país (Puebla y Tlaxcala), con el fin de caracterizar sus similitudes y diferencias y analizar dinámicas sociales que dan lugar a procesos de resiliencia en los ámbitos socio-cultural, ambiental, económico, alimentario y organizativo. Ante la falta de una política pública que promueva la producción y el consumo local los circuitos cortos alimentarios no sólo fortalecen la producción y el consumo local de alimentos sino que adquieren un sentido político al promover acciones colectivas de defensa del patrimonio biológico y cultural que sientan precedentes a escala nacional y muestran vías de acción para otros colectivos de América Latina.&nbsp

Propuesta de métrica para medir la constructibilidad en proyectos de densificación en la ciudad de Curicó en comparación al modelo Singapur

92 p.El aumento en la competitividad en el área de la construcción ha conducido al surgimiento de expectativas cada vez más altas y exigencias de altos estándares de construcción. Para ser competentes y mantener un buen estándar las distintas organizaciones como constructoras e inmobiliarias, necesitan emplear sistemas de medición eficientes y eficaces con los cuales tengan parámetros de comparación a niveles tanto nacionales como internacionales, logrando la confianza de los clientes y/o mandantes de sus proyectos logrando una comercialización efectiva. Muchas organizaciones en el área de la ingeniería y construcción reconocen esta necesidad de comparativa, para integrar los siguientes puntos ¿Lo estamos haciendo bien? ¿Nuestros estándares de calidad, plazo y costo están a un nivel competitivo nacional/internacional? El éxito de un proyecto depende de que todas las etapas de su ciclo de vida sean realizadas correctamente, integrar un sistema de comparación de un proyecto en todo su ciclo de vida no es una tarea fácil debido a que tiene una perspectiva en diferentes dimensiones desde las etapas de diseño, construcción, ventas y satisfacción al cliente. En esta investigación se describe y propone un sistema de comparación métrico con indicadores que permiten una evaluación cuantificativa y cualificativa del desempeño de proyectos de densificación en la ciudad de Curicó con el fin de analizar el estado actual en comparación al modelo adoptado por Singapur, el modelo a comparar consiste en la utilización de materiales prefabricados o en su defecto la construcción misma de un bloque completo de departamento para posteriormente ser instalado en el lugar del proyecto completamente funcional, con altos estándares de calidad promoviendo la sustentabilidad en la construcción. En este sentido se cuenta con diversos indicadores que serán utilizados para brindarle a las organizaciones herramientas estratégicas para lograr un buen posicionamiento en el mercado y obtener en sus proyectos altos estándares de calidad gestión y competencia en el área de la construcción. // ABSTRACT: The increase in competitiveness in the construction area has led to the rise of ever higher expectations and demands for high construction standards. To be competent and to maintain a good standard, the different organizations such as construction and real estate companies, need to use efficient and effective measurement systems with which they have parameters of comparison at both national and international levels, achieving the trust of clients and / or constituents of their projects achieving effective marketing. Many organizations in the area of engineering and construction recognize this need for comparison, to integrate the following points: Are we doing it well? Are our quality, deadline and cost standards at a national/international competitive level? The success of a project depends on all the stages of its life cycle being carried out correctly, integrating a comparison system of a project throughout its life cycle is not an easy task because it has a perspective in different dimensions from stages of design, construction, sales and customer satisfaction. This research describes and proposes a metric comparison system with indicators that allow a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the performance of densification projects in the city of Curicó in order to analyze the current state compared to the model adopted by Singapore, the model To compare consists in the use of prefabricated materials or, failing that, the construction of a complete apartment block, to be installed later on in the fully functional project site, with high quality standards promoting sustainability in construction. In this sense, there are various indicators that will be used to provide organizations with strategic tools to achieve a good position in the market and obtain high standards of quality management and competence in the construction area in their projects

Digitalization of the Logistics Process in Short Food Supply Chains.:An online Viable System Model application during the COVID-19 pandemic

This paper reports an ongoing exercise concerning the design of a logistics App to support operations within Farmers’ Markets in Mexico. This exercise is part of a wider research agenda focused on ‘Supporting Alternative Food Networks’ (SAFeNET). This is a research agenda to conceive, build, implement, and develop better-informing decision-making processes that support effective and efficient AFNs (also known as Short Food Supply Chains) logistics operations in a digital environment, through smooth flows of goods and information among producers, AFNs coordinators, and consumers. This view calls for taking a systemic approach to help collectives of people to improve their autonomy and viability. Initial plans were to conduct this collaborative design exercise, using the Viable System Model (VSM) as a conversational tool. Accordingly, a series of face-to-face interviews and a focus group were planned. However, the lockdown due to COVID-19 forced researchers to abandon the face-to-face option and conduct the primary data collection online. The VSM intervention had to be adapted for its use on an online platform, in such a way that the platform would support knowledge building interactively, with a series of participants. This paper describes the format and visual appearance of the online VSM framework, its application, and the lessons learned through this exercise. Two points deserve to be highlighted: First, although the exercise outcome was very valuable for the next stage of the design, the participants’ capacity for collective and individual reflection during the workshop was limited. Second, participants continued adding comments via the adopted online visual collaboration platform after the workshop ended, showing an understanding of the process and commitment beyond the researchers’ expectations. The outcomes from this experiment are promissory, suggesting that online Systems Thinking interventions deserve further development

Desarrollo de vídeos doodle como apoyo a la docencia en anestesiología veterinaria

Depto. de Medicina y Cirugía AnimalFac. de VeterinariaFALSEsubmitte

Síndrome urémico hemolítico: eco-epidemiología del enemigo que afecta la seguridad alimentaria

Escherichia coli verocitotoxigénico (VTEC) es un patógeno emergente asociado a casos de diarrea, colitis hemorrágica y síndrome urémico hemolítico (SUH), del cual Argentina presenta el registro más alto de casos a nivel mundial. No existe tratamiento específico para el SUH, por lo que son fundamentales las estrategias de control y prevención. Los estudios se han centralizado en cepas del serotipo O157:H7, pero las infecciones asociadas a VTEC no-O157 tienen creciente importancia y representan nuevos desafíos para el diagnóstico y el control de VTEC. En este trabajo se evaluó el rol de distintas especies animales, medio ambiente y alimentos en la epidemiología de VTEC, se caracterizó la variabilidad genética y la virulencia de las cepas, y se estudiaron medidas de control. Las metodologías comprenden técnicas microbiológicas y de biología molecular. Los resultados confirman la amplia distribución de las cepas VTEC, demuestran su gran diversidad genética y la presencia de factores de virulencia asociados con enfermedad en el hombre. Las cepas estudiadas mostraron alta capacidad para sobrevivir en el ambiente. La exhaustiva caracterización de las cepas resalta el alto riesgo para la salud pública que representan.Trabajo presentado por el Centro de Investigación Veterinaria de Tandil (CIVETAN)

Population-based multicase-control study in common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain): rationale and study design

Introduction: We present the protocol of a large population-based case-control study of 5 common tumors in Spain (MCC-Spain) that evaluates environmental exposures and genetic factors. Methods: Between 2008-2013, 10,183 persons aged 20-85 years were enrolled in 23 hospitals and primary care centres in 12 Spanish provinces including 1,115 cases of a new diagnosis of prostate cancer, 1,750 of breast cancer, 2,171 of colorectal cancer, 492 of gastro-oesophageal cancer, 554 cases of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) and 4,101 population-based controls matched by frequency to cases by age, sex and region of residence. Participation rates ranged from 57% (stomach cancer) to 87% (CLL cases) and from 30% to 77% in controls. Participants completed a face-to-face computerized interview on sociodemographic factors, environmental exposures, occupation, medication, lifestyle, and personal and family medical history. In addition, participants completed a self-administered food-frequency questionnaire and telephone interviews. Blood samples were collected from 76% of participants while saliva samples were collected in CLL cases and participants refusing blood extractions. Clinical information was recorded for cases and paraffin blocks and/or fresh tumor samples are available in most collaborating hospitals. Genotyping was done through an exome array enriched with genetic markers in specific pathways. Multiple analyses are planned to assess the association of environmental, personal and genetic risk factors for each tumor and to identify pleiotropic effects. Discussion: This study, conducted within the Spanish Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBERESP), is a unique initiative to evaluate etiological factors for common cancers and will promote cancer research and prevention in Spain.The study was partially funded by the “Accion Transversal del Cancer”, approved on the Spanish Ministry Council on the 11th October 2007, by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III-FEDER (PI08/1770, PI08/0533, PI08/1359, PS09/00773, PS09/01286, PS09/01903, PS09/02078, PS09/01662, PI11/01403, PI11/01889, PI11/00226, PI11/01810, PI11/02213, PI12/00488, PI12/00265, PI12/01270, PI12/00715, PI12/00150), by the Fundación Marqués de Valdecilla (API 10/09), by the ICGC International Cancer Genome Consortium CLL, by the Junta de Castilla y León (LE22A10-2), by the Consejería de Salud of the Junta de Andalucía (PI-0571), by the Conselleria de Sanitat of the Generalitat Valenciana (AP 061/10), by the Recercaixa (2010ACUP 00310), by the Regional Government of the Basque Country by European Commission grants FOOD-CT- 2006-036224-HIWATE, by the Spanish Association Against Cancer (AECC) Scientific Foundation, by the The Catalan Government DURSI grant 2009SGR1489

Virtualizing university teaching through Open Educational Resources by means of ArcGIS Online (REARGOL)

La pandemia provocada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19) ha demostrado la necesidad de acelerar la digitalización de la docencia universitaria. Las herramientas digitales para la transferencia ciencia-educación, que ya eran esenciales para asegurar la calidad de la docencia presencial, se han transformado en imprescindibles cuando las circunstancias han impuesto la docencia virtual. El proyecto REARGOL ha desarrollado y ensayado en ArcGIS online instrumentos para la virtualización de contenidos en asignaturas de grado y máster, sobre geomorfología, gestión de desastres, patrimonio natural y patrimonio cultural. Ha sido un ensayo piloto, replicable en todas las titulaciones y temáticas susceptibles de generar información geoespacial (prácticamente todos los títulos y áreas de conocimiento). El único límite es la imaginación. El proyecto ha priorizado la participación de estudiantes de grado, máster y doctorado, que han desarrollado 4 tipos de aplicaciones: Mapas Web y Web AppBuilder (visores cartográficos interactivos), encuestas Survey 123 (formularios recogida de datos), Cuadros de Mandos (plataformas online que permiten combinar varias aplicaciones) y Story Maps (presentaciones para mostrar conjuntamente información y aplicaciones ArcGIS online). Las aplicaciones que se ensayaron con éxito durante el curso 2020-2021, en asignaturas de grado y máster, así como en TFMs y TFGs, continúan utilizándose en el curso 2021-2022.The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID19) pandemic has shown the urgent need to improve university teaching. Digital resources for Science-Education transfer, which already were crucial for ensuring the quality of face-to-face teaching, turned to be indispensable when the health crisis forced virtual teaching. The REARGOL project has developed and tested ArcGIS Online tools for the virtualization of Bachelor’s and Master’s courses focused on geomorphology, natural disaster management, and natural and cultural heritage. This has been a preliminary test that could be applied to all undergraduate and postgraduate degrees, that can produce geospatial information in all knowledge areas. Imagination is the only constraint. The project has prioritized the participation of undergraduate and postgraduate students (Master and PhD). The project has priorized the participation of undergraduate and postgraduate (Master’s and PhD) students. They have developed four types of applications: Web Maps and Web AppBuilder (interactive cartographical viewers), Survey 123 (data collection forms), Dashboards (online platforms allowing to combine several applications) and Story Maps (presentations for displaying information and ArcGIS online applications). The tools successfully tested during the 2020-2021 academic year are still being used in the current one, in Bachelor’s and Master’s degrees, as well as in Bachelor’s and Master’s final dissertations.Depto. de GeografíaFac. de Geografía e HistoriaFALSEsubmitte