Una temprana psicología de la ciencia en el Paraguay

The psychology of science is a field of research emerged in the late 80’s and its basic interest is the study of the conditions determining the rise and development of scientists and researchers. However, in spite of its apparent novelty, it is feasible to find background widely disseminated in the work of previous authors. One of them is R. Ross, who wrote an article in the Paraguayan journal Letras in 1915. Ross argued that geniuses’ production is one of the most valuable potentials to which a nation can aspire and has a relevance degree higher than any kind of wealth. His argument agrees with considerations related to the subjective processes leading creative inspiration, the generation of new ideas and the relations between genius and insanity, a view that fits the ideas of the Italian physician Cesare Lombroso. The article concludes that Ross’ ideas may be identified as a distant background for the psychology of science, although it has not reached a later continuity in the work of other Paraguayan authors. The methodology adopted is both descriptive and critical, with a contextual analysis of the primary sources that are relevant to the problem.La psicología de la ciencia es un campo de investigación surgido a finales de la década de 1980 y cuyo interés fundamental es el estudio de las condiciones que determinan el surgimiento y desarrollo de los científicos e investigadores. Sin embargo, pese a su aparente novedad, es factible encontrar antecedentes diseminados ampliamente en la obra de autores previos. Uno de ellos es R. Ross, quien escribió un artículo en la revista paraguaya Letras en 1915. Ross sostenía que la producción de genios es una de las potencialidades más valiosas a las que puede aspirar una nación y que ella se encuentra en un grado de importancia superior a otra clase de riquezas. En su exposición abunda en consideraciones relacionadas con los procesos subjetivos que conducen la inspiración creadora, la generación de ideas novedosas y las relaciones entre la genialidad y la locura, punto en el que se ajusta a las ideas del médico italiano Cesare Lombroso. La conclusión del artículo es que las ideas de Ross pueden vislumbrarse como un antecedente lejano para la psicología de la ciencia, aunque no haya alcanzado una continuidad posterior en la obra de otros autores paraguayos. La metodología adoptada es a un tiempo descriptiva y crítica, con un análisis contextual de las fuentes primarias que resultan pertinentes al problema

Una temprana psicología de la ciencia en el Paraguay

The psychology of science is a field of research emerged in the late 80’s and its basic interest is the study of the conditions determining the rise and development of scientists and researchers. However, in spite of its apparent novelty, it is feasible to find background widely disseminated in the work of previous authors. One of them is R. Ross, who wrote an article in the Paraguayan journal Letras in 1915. Ross argued that geniuses’ production is one of the most valuable potentials to which a nation can aspire and has a relevance degree higher than any kind of wealth. His argument agrees with considerations related to the subjective processes leading creative inspiration, the generation of new ideas and the relations between genius and insanity, a view that fits the ideas of the Italian physician Cesare Lombroso. The article concludes that Ross’ ideas may be identified as a distant background for the psychology of science, although it has not reached a later continuity in the work of other Paraguayan authors. The methodology adopted is both descriptive and critical, with a contextual analysis of the primary sources that are relevant to the problem.La psicología de la ciencia es un campo de investigación surgido a finales de la década de 1980 y cuyo interés fundamental es el estudio de las condiciones que determinan el surgimiento y desarrollo de los científicos e investigadores. Sin embargo, pese a su aparente novedad, es factible encontrar antecedentes diseminados ampliamente en la obra de autores previos. Uno de ellos es R. Ross, quien escribió un artículo en la revista paraguaya Letras en 1915. Ross sostenía que la producción de genios es una de las potencialidades más valiosas a las que puede aspirar una nación y que ella se encuentra en un grado de importancia superior a otra clase de riquezas. En su exposición abunda en consideraciones relacionadas con los procesos subjetivos que conducen la inspiración creadora, la generación de ideas novedosas y las relaciones entre la genialidad y la locura, punto en el que se ajusta a las ideas del médico italiano Cesare Lombroso. La conclusión del artículo es que las ideas de Ross pueden vislumbrarse como un antecedente lejano para la psicología de la ciencia, aunque no haya alcanzado una continuidad posterior en la obra de otros autores paraguayos. La metodología adoptada es a un tiempo descriptiva y crítica, con un análisis contextual de las fuentes primarias que resultan pertinentes al problema

A simple test of momentum in foreign exchange markets

This study proposes a new method for testing for the presence of momentum in nominal exchange rates, using a probabilistic approach. We illustrate our methodology estimating a binary response model using information on local currency / US dollar exchange rates of eight emerging economies. After controlling for important variables a§ecting the behavior of exchange rates in the short-run, we show evidence of exchange rate inertia; in other words, we Önd that exchange rate momentum is a common feature in this group of emerging economies, and thus foreign exchange traders participating in these markets are able to make excess returns by following technical analysis strategies. We Önd that the presence of momentum is asymmetric, being stronger in moments of currency depreciation than of appreciation. This behavior may be associated with central bank intervention.Momentum, foreign exchange markets, hazard duration analysis, emerging economies.

A Highly Available Cluster of Web Servers with Increased Storage Capacity

Ponencias de las Decimoséptimas Jornadas de Paralelismo de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha celebradas el 18,19 y 20 de septiembre de 2006 en AlbaceteWeb servers scalability has been traditionally solved by improving software elements or increasing hardware resources of the server machine. Another approach has been the usage of distributed architectures. In such architectures, usually, file al- location strategy has been either full replication or full distribution. In previous works we have showed that partial replication offers a good balance between storage capacity and reliability. It offers much higher storage capacity while reliability may be kept at an equivalent level of that from fully replicated solutions. In this paper we present the architectural details of Web cluster solutions adapted to partial replication. We also show that partial replication does not imply a penalty in performance over classical fully replicated architectures. For evaluation purposes we have used a simulation model under the OMNeT++ framework and we use mean service time as a performance comparison metric.Publicad

Photon-mediated qubit interactions in one-dimensional discrete and continuous models

In this work we study numerically and analytically the interaction of two qubits in a one-dimensionalwaveguide, as mediated by the photons that propagate through the guide. We develop strategies to assert the Markovianity of the problem, the effective qubit-qubit interactions, and their individual and collective spontaneous emission. We prove the existence of collective Lamb shifts that affect the qubit-qubit interactions and the dependency of coherent and incoherent interactions on the qubit separation. We also develop the scattering theory associated with these models and prove single-photon spectroscopy does probe the renormalized resonances of the singleand multiqubit models, in sharp contrast to earlier toy models in which individual and collective Lamb shifts cancel

Development of Head Space Sorptive Extraction Method for the Determination of Volatile Compounds in Beer and Comparison with Stir Bar Sorptive Extraction

A headspace sorptive extraction method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HSSE-GC-MS) was developed for the determination of 37 volatile compounds in beer. After optimization of the extraction conditions, the best conditions for the analysis were stirring at 1000 rpm for 180 min, using an 8-mL sample with 25% NaCl. The analytical method provided excellent linearity values (R-2 > 0.99) for the calibration of all the compounds studied, with the detection and quantification limits obtained being low enough for the determination of the compounds in the beers studied. When studying the repeatability of the method, it proved to be quite accurate, since RSD% values lower than 20% were obtained for all the compounds. On the other hand, the recovery study was successfully concluded, resulting in acceptable values for most of the compounds (80-120%). The optimised method was successfully applied to real beer samples of different types (ale, lager, stout and wheat). Finally, an analytical comparison of the optimised HSSE method, with a previously developed and validated stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) method was performed, obtaining similar concentration values by both methods for most compounds

Los suelos en la enseñanza de la teoría ácido-base de Lewis : una estrategia didáctica de aprendizaje por investigación

This article describes and analyses the results obtained in a didactical experimental strategy, structured in the Teaching and Learning model which is based on research. The students are involved in situations, where problems related with the soil are used in order to help the significative construction of the acid and base's concepts related to the Lewis' Theory in order to increase the students mental ability for analysing and synthesizing and also to develop their attitudes towards science

Common cellular events occur during wound healing and organ regeneration in the sea cucumber Holothuria glaberrima

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>All animals possess some type of tissue repair mechanism. In some species, the capacity to repair tissues is limited to the healing of wounds. Other species, such as echinoderms, posses a striking repair capability that can include the replacement of entire organs. It has been reported that some mechanisms, namely extracellular matrix remodeling, appear to occur in most repair processes. However, it remains unclear to what extent the process of organ regeneration, particularly in animals where loss and regeneration of complex structures is a programmed natural event, is similar to wound healing. We have now used the sea cucumber <it>Holothuria glaberrima </it>to address this question.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Animals were lesioned by making a 3–5 mm transverse incision between one of the longitudinal muscle pairs along the bodywall. Lesioned tissues included muscle, nerve, water canal and dermis. Animals were allowed to heal for up to four weeks (2, 6, 12, 20, and 28 days post-injury) before sacrificed. Tissues were sectioned in a cryostat and changes in cellular and tissue elements during repair were evaluated using classical dyes, immmuohistochemistry and phalloidin labeling. In addition, the temporal and spatial distribution of cell proliferation in the animals was assayed using BrdU incorporation. We found that cellular events associated with wound healing in <it>H. glaberrima </it>correspond to those previously shown to occur during intestinal regeneration. These include: (1) an increase in the number of spherule-containing cells, (2) remodeling of the extracellular matrix, (3) formation of spindle-like structures that signal dedifferentiation of muscle cells in the area flanking the lesion site and (4) intense cellular division occurring mainly in the coelomic epithelium after the first week of regeneration.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our data indicate that <it>H. glaberrima </it>employs analogous cellular mechanisms during wound healing and organ regeneration. Thus, it is possible that regenerative limitations in some organisms are due either to the absence of particular mechanisms associated with repair or the inability of activating the repair process in some tissues or stages.</p