Risk profiles and one-year outcomes of patients with newly diagnosed atrial fibrillation in India: Insights from the GARFIELD-AF Registry.

BACKGROUND: The Global Anticoagulant Registry in the FIELD-Atrial Fibrillation (GARFIELD-AF) is an ongoing prospective noninterventional registry, which is providing important information on the baseline characteristics, treatment patterns, and 1-year outcomes in patients with newly diagnosed non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). This report describes data from Indian patients recruited in this registry. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 52,014 patients with newly diagnosed AF were enrolled globally; of these, 1388 patients were recruited from 26 sites within India (2012-2016). In India, the mean age was 65.8 years at diagnosis of NVAF. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor for AF, present in 68.5% of patients from India and in 76.3% of patients globally (P < 0.001). Diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) were prevalent in 36.2% and 28.1% of patients as compared with global prevalence of 22.2% and 21.6%, respectively (P < 0.001 for both). Antiplatelet therapy was the most common antithrombotic treatment in India. With increasing stroke risk, however, patients were more likely to receive oral anticoagulant therapy [mainly vitamin K antagonist (VKA)], but average international normalized ratio (INR) was lower among Indian patients [median INR value 1.6 (interquartile range {IQR}: 1.3-2.3) versus 2.3 (IQR 1.8-2.8) (P < 0.001)]. Compared with other countries, patients from India had markedly higher rates of all-cause mortality [7.68 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval 6.32-9.35) vs 4.34 (4.16-4.53), P < 0.0001], while rates of stroke/systemic embolism and major bleeding were lower after 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSION: Compared to previously published registries from India, the GARFIELD-AF registry describes clinical profiles and outcomes in Indian patients with AF of a different etiology. The registry data show that compared to the rest of the world, Indian AF patients are younger in age and have more diabetes and CAD. Patients with a higher stroke risk are more likely to receive anticoagulation therapy with VKA but are underdosed compared with the global average in the GARFIELD-AF. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION-URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01090362

Effect of texture and grain shape on anisotropy

An attempt is made to summarize the different ways of modelling the anisotropy of a polycrystalline material. At the single crystal level, the formulation based on Schmid law or viscoplasticity shows clearly the microscopic anisotropy due to the hardening and the orientation changes. It is also shown how viscoplasticity leads to a unique slip system activity irrespectively of the rate sensitivity. Macroscopic properties are derived from the microscopic ones via models that are a picture of the grain-matrix interaction. It is shown that low interaction models should be investigated for large strain descriptions. It is also shown how grain shapes explicitely affec the interaction. Finally, yield surfaces are predicted, and it is demonstrated that flat grain shapes can induce vertices on the overall yield surface.Les différentes approches visant à modéliser l'anisotropie de materiaux polycristallins ont été résumées. Au niveau du monocristal, la formulation utilisant la loi de Schmid ou la viscoplasticité montre clairement l'anisotropie microscopique due au durcissement et aux changements d'orientation. On montre aussi que la viscoplasticité conduit à une répartition unique des glissements cristallographiques indépendemment de la sensibilité à la vitesse. Les propriétés macroscopiques sont obtenues à partir des propriétés microscopiques au moyen de modèles qui sont des images de l'interaction grain-matrice. On montre que des modèles à basses interactions devraient être utilisés en grandes déformations. On montre explicitement comment la forme des grains affecte l'interaction. Finalement, les surfaces de charge sont prédites et on montre que des grains plats engendrent des singularités sur la surface de charge globale

Simulation and modelling of 3D percolating structures : case of latex matrix reinforced by a network of cellulose fibers

International audienc

AC electrical properties as a sensor of the microstructural evolution in nanocomposite materials: experiment and simulation

International audienc

Mechanical percolation in cellulose whiskers-synthetic polymer nanocomposites

International audienc

Nanocomposite materials from latex and cellulose whiskers

International audienc

Texture and sheet forming

The classical Marciniak-Kuczynski (Defect) theory, which consists in calculating the behavior of an initial defect in the sheet, in the form of a thin groove, is applied together with a full-constraints or relaxed-constraints theory of polycrystal viscoplasticity. Purpose of this is to investigate the effect of the induced texture on the Forming Limit Diagram (FLD), and the effect of grain shape as well. An alternative fast way of deriving FLD's is also proposed using a perturbation method. Comparisons are made between the results obtained by both Defect and Perturbation theories, in the case of ideal fcc rolling texture components, and in the case of polycrystals. 13 refs., 7 figs