Why a Canadian Musicologist Would Catalogue One Thousand Mexican Music Manuscripts

It has been fifteen years since I started visiting religious and secular music archives across Mexico. From the beginning, one issue quickly became clear: unless cataloguing was done, the manuscripts might disappear from our memories, along with our understanding of four centuries of music practice. My work focussed specifically on the nineteenth century, an era of music practice that was almost unknown to us. As my research began, I had to request permission to enter archives, apply for financial support, then travel to organize and digitize manuscripts and to produce the catalogues. During part of this process, and to give my work a wider exposure, I contacted RISM. At that moment, their database had only 48 entries representing Mexico. Even now, with more than a thousand titles, there remains still so much music to document.   This article highlights my fifteen years of work, and in particular, the last two catalogues that I have produced: “José Antonio Gómez y Olguín (1805-1876) y su Catálogo musical: Un acercamiento a la práctica musical del México decimonónico [English introduction included],” FONCA (México, 2016); and “Catálogo del Acervo Musical del Colegio de Vizcaínas (AMCV): La memoria sonora de los colegios femeninos en México entre los siglos XVI-XIX [Introducción en español y en inglés],” FONCA (México, 2019). These catalogues follow my personal ideas for improving accessibility and our understanding of our musical past. They are both online and in pdf format, and in addition to providing the same information found in RISM´s database, they include an image for each work to provide identity and depth.While access to and study of musical archives is still limited in Mexico, we are starting to have some first-hand knowledge of this vast and rich music tradition.  --Cela fait quinze ans que j'ai commencé à visiter les archives de musique religieuse et profane à travers le Mexique. Dès le début, un problème est rapidement devenu clair : à moins que le catalogage ne soit fait, les manuscrits pourraient disparaître de nos mémoires, avec notre compréhension de quatre siècles de pratique musicale. Mon travail s'est concentré spécifiquement sur le XIXe siècle, un domaine où la pratique musicale nous était presque inconnue. Au début de mes recherches, j'ai dû demander l'autorisation d'entrer dans les archives, demander un soutien financier, puis me déplacer pour organiser et numériser les manuscrits et produire les catalogues. Pendant une partie de ce processus, et pour donner une plus grande visibilité à mon travail, j'ai contacté RISM. À ce moment-là, leur base de données ne contenait que 48 entrées représentant le Mexique. Même maintenant, avec plus d'un millier de titres, il reste encore tant de musique à documenter.Cet article met en lumière mes quinze ans de travail et en particulier les deux derniers catalogues que j'ai produits: «José Antonio Gómez y Olguín (1805-1876) y su Catálogo musical: Un acercamiento a la práctica musical del México decimonónico [introduction en anglais inclus] », FONCA (México, 2016); et «Catálogo del Acervo Musical del Colegio de Vizcaínas (AMCV): La memoria sonora de los colegios femeninos en México entre los siglos XVI-XIX [Introducción en español y en inglés]», FONCA (México, 2019). Ces catalogues suivent mes idées personnelles pour améliorer l'accessibilité et notre compréhension de notre passé musical. Ils sont à la fois en ligne et au format pdf, et en plus de fournir les mêmes informations que celles trouvées dans la base de données RISM, ils incluent une image pour chaque œuvre, pour fournir une identité et une profondeur.Bien que l'accès aux archives musicales et leur étude soient encore limités au Mexique, nous commençons à avoir une connaissance de première main de cette vaste et riche tradition musicale

Dice José Antonio Gómez, célebre profesor de forte-piano: “¿Y es esto todo lo que hay que tocar de más difícil?”

Taking the sixteenth century as a point of departure, it can be said that Mexico has a vast and rich music tradition. However, not much is known about the musicians and the music from Independent Mexico, the nineteenth century. The name of José Antonio Gómez, for instance, appears in much of the music literature from and about this period, wherein the limited information presented tends to repeat itself. This essay examines Gómez in light of the existing literature and in relation to original documents from the Mexico City Cathedral and his own publications. Apart from showing his importance as one of the most prolific musicians of both the religious and secular milieus, it is the intention of this author to demonstrate how Gómez is a key figure to approach and understand the music period that has received least studies, a period that coincides with the origins of Mexico as a nation.Tomando como punto de partida el siglo XVI, se puede decir que México cuenta con una vasta y rica tradición musical. Empero, poco se conoce de los músicos y la música del periodo del México Independiente, el siglo XIX. Por ejemplo, a pesar de que es normal encontrar el nombre de José Antonio Gómez en la literatura musical de este periodo, dicha información tiende a ser repetida y limitada. Este ensayo revisa parte de esta literatura para proceder así a cotejarla con fuentes de primera mano provenientes de la Catedral Metropolitana de la Ciudad de México como de sus propias publicaciones. En síntesis, además de demostrar la importancia como músico prolífico en los ámbitos religioso y secular, la intención del autor es presentar a Gómez como figura clave para acercarse y entender el periodo de la música que menos estudios ha recibido, periodo que coincide con los orígenes de México como nación

Co-existence of os acromiale with suprascapular osseous bridge: a case report and review of the literature

We report on a very rare case of co-existence of os acromiale with suprascapular osseous bridge in a dry scapula. The frequency of os acromiale alone ranges from 1.3 to 15%, while the frequency of suprascapular osseous bridge varies between 0.036% and 12.5%. We review the relative literature and emphasize the fact that such knowledge is important for a physician in order to avoid misdiagnosis of an acromion fracture and lytic lesion of the scapula

Fabrication and photophysical studies of CdTe quantum-dots dispersed in SiO2 sonogel optical-glasses

The catalyst-free sonogel route has been implemented to fabricate highly pure SiO2 glasses as host materials for CdTe quantum dot nanocrystals synthesized in aqueous solution. Developed CdTe-based inorganic–inorganic hybrid composites exhibited rigid bulk structures with controllable geometrical shapes and dopant concentrations, allowing the control of the optical properties in the solid-state confinement. Comprehensive linear and nonlinear photophysical characterizations were performed according to UV–vis absorbance, Raman and photoluminescent spectroscopies; the linear refractive indices of highly/lowly CdTe-doped samples were also estimated according to the Brewster angle technique. Since the hybrid glasses are amorphous in nature, the cubic nonlinear optical activity of these composites has been tested via the Z-Scan technique. Results show that the CdTe quantum dots were homogeneously embedded within the SiO2-sonogel matrix with only small guest–host molecular interactions and preserving their strong photoluminescent properties; thus providing advanced solid-state heterostructured nanocomposite materials suitable for current technological photonic applications

Modelling carbon stock and carbon sequestration ecosystem services for policy design: a comprehensive approach using a dynamic vegetation model.

Ecosystem service (ES) models can only inform policy design adequately if they incorporate ecological processes. We used the Lund-Potsdam-Jena managed Land (LPJmL) model, to address following questions for Mexico, Bolivia and Brazilian Amazon: (i) How different are C stocks and C sequestration quantifications under standard (when soil and litter C and heterotrophic respiration are not considered) and comprehensive (including all C stock and heterotrophic respiration) approach? and (ii) How does the valuation of C stock and C sequestration differ in national payments for ES and global C funds or markets when comparing both approach? We found that up to 65% of C stocks have not been taken into account by neglecting to include C stored in soil and litter, resulting in gross underpayments (up to 500 times lower). Since emissions from heterotrophic respiration of organic material offset a large proportion of C gained through growth of living matter, we found that markets and decision-makers are inadvertently overestimating up to 100 times C sequestrated. New approaches for modelling C services relevant ecological process-based can help accounting for C in soil, litter and heterotrophic respiration and become important for the operationalization of agreements on climate change mitigation following the COP21 in 2015

Unilateral elongated styloid process: a case report

An unusual case of a unilaterally elongated styloid process with a length of 5.8 cm was found on a dry skull of a male cadaver. During his life the subject was complaining for reported ipsilateral otalgia presumably due to nerve compression from the elongated styloid process. The symptomatology appeared by such an anatomical variant as well as relative literature is discussed in this paper

Mixing and matching siderophore clusters: structure and biosynthesis of serratiochelins from Serratia sp. v4

Studying the evolutionary history underlying the remarkable structures and biological activities of natural products has been complicated by not knowing the functions they have evolved to fulfill. Siderophores - soluble, low molecular weight compounds - have an easily understood and measured function: acquiring iron from the environment. Bacteria engage in a fierce competition for acquiring iron, which rewards the production of siderophores that bind iron tightly and cannot be used or pirated by competitors. The structures and biosyntheses of 'odd' siderophores can reveal the evolutionary strategy that led to their creation. Here, we here report a new Serratia strain that produces serratiochelin and an analog of serratiochelin. A genetic approach located the serratiochelin gene cluster, and targeted mutations in several genes implicated in serratiochelin biosynthesis were generated. Bioinformatic analyses and mutagenesis results demonstrate that genes from two well known siderophore clusters, the Escherichia coli enterobactin cluster and the Vibrio cholerae vibriobactin cluster, were shuffled to produce a new siderophore biosynthetic pathway. These results highlight how modular siderophore gene clusters can be mixed and matched during evolution to generate structural diversity in siderophores.This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grants GM82137 to R.K., and AI057159 and GM086258 to J.C.). M.R.S. acknowledges support from the NIH Pathway to Independence Award (Grant 1K99 GM098299-01). S.C. and M.J.V. acknowledge support from the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (PhD Grant SFRH/BD/38298/2007 to S.C.; Project PTDC/EBB-EBI/104263/2008 to M.J.V.)

Cost of provision of opioid substitution therapy provision in Tijuana, Mexico

Abstract Background Mexico recently enacted drug policy reform to decriminalize possession of small amounts of illicit drugs and mandated that police refer identified substance users to drug treatment. However, the economic implications of drug treatment expansion are uncertain. We estimated the costs of opioid substitution therapy (OST) provision in Tijuana, Mexico, where opioid use and HIV are major public health concerns. Methods We adopted an economic health care provider perspective and applied an ingredients-based micro-costing approach to quantify the average monthly cost of OST (methadone maintenance) provision at two providers (one private and one public) in Tijuana, Mexico. Costs were divided by type of input (capital, recurrent personnel and non-personnel). We defined “delivery cost” as all costs except for the methadone and compared total cost by type of methadone (powdered form or capsule). Cost data were obtained from interviews with senior staff and review of expenditure reports. Service provision data were obtained from activity logs and senior staff interviews. Outcomes were cost per OST contact and cost per person month of OST. We additionally collected information on patient charges for OST provision from published rates. Results The total cost per OST contact at the private and public sites was $3.12 and$5.90, respectively, corresponding to $95 and$179 per person month of OST. The costs of methadone delivery per OST contact were similar at both sites ($2.78 private and$3.46 public). However, cost of the methadone itself varied substantially ($0.34 per 80 mg dose [powder] at the private site and$2.44 per dose [capsule] at the public site). Patients were charged $1.93–$2.66 per methadone dose. Conclusions The cost of OST provision in Mexico is consistent with other upper-middle income settings. However, evidenced-based (OST) drug treatment facilities in Mexico are still unaffordable to most people who inject drugs

Search for short baseline nu(e) disappearance with the T2K near detector

8 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PRD rapid communication8 pages, 6 figures, submitted to PRD rapid communicationWe thank the J-PARC staff for superb accelerator performance and the CERN NA61 collaboration for providing valuable particle production data. We acknowledge the support of MEXT, Japan; NSERC, NRC and CFI, Canada; Commissariat `a l’Energie Atomique and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique–Institut National de Physique Nucle´aire et de Physique des Particules, France; DFG, Germany; INFN, Italy; National Science Centre (NCN), Poland; Russian Science Foundation, RFBR and Ministry of Education and Science, Russia; MINECO and European Regional Development Fund, Spain; Swiss National Science Foundation and State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation, Switzerland; STFC, UK; and DOE, USA. We also thank CERN for the UA1/NOMAD magnet, DESY for the HERA-B magnet mover system, NII for SINET4, the WestGrid and SciNet consortia in Compute Canada, GridPP, UK. In addition participation of individual researchers and institutions has been further supported by funds from ERC (FP7), EU; JSPS, Japan; Royal Society, UK; DOE Early Career program, USA

Measurements of neutrino oscillation in appearance and disappearance channels by the T2K experiment with 6.6 x 10(20) protons on target

111 pages, 45 figures, submitted to Physical Review D. Minor revisions to text following referee comments111 pages, 45 figures, submitted to Physical Review D. Minor revisions to text following referee comments111 pages, 45 figures, submitted to Physical Review D. Minor revisions to text following referee commentsWe thank the J-PARC staff for superb accelerator performance and the CERN NA61/SHINE Collaboration for providing valuable particle production data. We acknowledge the support of MEXT, Japan; NSERC, NRC, and CFI, Canada; CEA and CNRS/IN2P3, France; DFG, Germany; INFN, Italy; National Science Centre (NCN), Poland; RSF, RFBR and MES, Russia; MINECO and ERDF funds, Spain; SNSF and SER, Switzerland; STFC, UK; and the U. S. Deparment of Energy, USA. We also thank CERN for the UA1/NOMAD magnet, DESY for the HERA-B magnet mover system, NII for SINET4, the WestGrid and SciNet consortia in Compute Canada, GridPP, UK, and the Emerald High Performance Computing facility in the Centre for Innovation, UK. In addition, participation of individual researchers and institutions has been further supported by funds from ERC (FP7), EU; JSPS, Japan; Royal Society, UK; and DOE Early Career program, USA