Tendencias, reflexiones y experiencias

La formación del profesorado (FP) consiste en dotar a estudiantes de carreras pedagógicas y a profesores en ejercicio, de conocimientos, actitudes, habilidades, comportamientos y valores que son imprescindibles para la labor educativa. Asimismo, procura explotar al máximo las potencialidades y condiciones personales que estos poseen, para conseguir una educación integral y desarrolladora. A nivel global, aunque con denominaciones distintas, comúnmente prevalecen dos fases de formación, la inicial (estudios de pregrado para la obtención de título en carreras pedagógicas) y la continua (capacitación y estudios de postgrado para fortalecer conocimientos y habilidades en la actividad educativa).Universidad Tecnológica Indoaméric

University teacher evaluation and professional development: a review based on participants, dimensions and methods

La evaluación del profesorado constituye un ciclo que evidencia las formas de crecimiento profesional. Este es un proceso de naturaleza participativa y multimensional. Por tanto, el objetivo es analizar las diferentes formas en que la evaluación de los participantes aporta al desarrollo profesional de los docentes en diferentes escenarios universitarios. Para lograr esto, se realizó una revisión de la literatura siguiendo 6 etapas que permitieron analizar 48 contribuciones en el contexto internacional y descubrir los principales hallazgos. Mediante una síntesis que recoge el análisis de contenido temático de la literatura se exponen los siguientes resultados: 1) existen tensiones en cuanto a la desintegración y desequilibrio en los aportes de cada participante al desarrollo profesional docente; 2) hay predominio en la evaluación de dimensiones similares por todos los participantes relacionados esencialmente con la docencia y la investigación, quedando sin relevancia un número importante de dimensiones, características y aptitudes del docente que aportan al desarrollo profesional; 3) existe un empleo de métodos que responden a la segmentación por participante sin que se pueda lograr una coherencia metodológica para lograr una evaluación relevante en aspectos de formación y desarrollo profesional del docente.Teacher evaluation is a cycle that reveals forms of professional development. It is a participatory and multi-dimensional process. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the different ways in which the participants’ evaluations contributed to the professional development of teachers in different university settings. For this purpose, a literature review was carried in 6 stages that allowed us to analyse and identify the main findings of 48 studies in the international context. The topics covered in the literature were analysed and synthesized, and the following findings were obtained: 1) stressors were identified in relation to differences and imbalances in the contributions of each participant to teacher professional development; 2) all the participants evaluated predominantly similar dimensions essentially related to teaching and research, with little relevance attached to a significant number of teaching dimensions, characteristics and skills that contribute to teacher professional development; 3) the methods used were based on segmentation by participant without achieving methodological coherence to ensure a relevant evaluation of aspects of teacher training and professional development

Infrared Assisted Production of 3,4-Dihydro-2(1H)-pyridones in Solvent-Free Conditions

A green approach for the synthesis of a set of ten 4-aryl substituted-5-alcoxy carbonyl-6-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridones using Meldrum’s acid has been devised, the absence of solvent and the activation with infrared irradiation in addition to a multicomponent protocol are the main reaction conditions. The transformations proceeded with moderated yields (50–75%) with a reasonable reaction rate (3 h). It is worth noting that two novel molecules of the new class of the bis-3,4-dihydropyridones were also obtained. In addition, a comparison without the use of infrared irradiation was performed

Relatoría III jornadas en tecnologías de la información, telecomunicaciones y el ecosistema digital - Relatoría conferencias magistrales

47 página

Conversatorio: “25 años de las Comisiones de Regulación. Su importancia para Colombia, para la creación de mercados de servicios públicos y telecomunicaciones"

27 página

Higher COVID-19 pneumonia risk associated with anti-IFN-α than with anti-IFN-ω auto-Abs in children

We found that 19 (10.4%) of 183 unvaccinated children hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia had autoantibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs (IFN-alpha 2 in 10 patients: IFN-alpha 2 only in three, IFN-alpha 2 plus IFN-omega in five, and IFN-alpha 2, IFN-omega plus IFN-beta in two; IFN-omega only in nine patients). Seven children (3.8%) had Abs neutralizing at least 10 ng/ml of one IFN, whereas the other 12 (6.6%) had Abs neutralizing only 100 pg/ml. The auto-Abs neutralized both unglycosylated and glycosylated IFNs. We also detected auto-Abs neutralizing 100 pg/ml IFN-alpha 2 in 4 of 2,267 uninfected children (0.2%) and auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-omega in 45 children (2%). The odds ratios (ORs) for life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia were, therefore, higher for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 only (OR [95% CI] = 67.6 [5.7-9,196.6]) than for auto-Abs neutralizing IFN-. only (OR [95% CI] = 2.6 [1.2-5.3]). ORs were also higher for auto-Abs neutralizing high concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 12.9 [4.6-35.9]) than for those neutralizing low concentrations (OR [95% CI] = 5.5 [3.1-9.6]) of IFN-omega and/or IFN-alpha 2

EducaFarma 9.0

Memoria ID-020 Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2020-2021

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Latin American study of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer LACAM : a genomic epidemiology approach

Q2Q1Artículo original1-13Purpose: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome is responsible for ~5–10% of all diagnosed breast and ovarian cancers. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women in Latin America (LA). The main objective of this study was to develop a comprehensive understanding of the genomic epidemiology of HBOC throughout the establishment of The Latin American consortium for HBOC-LACAM, consisting of specialists from 5 countries in LA and the description of the genomic results from the first phase of the study. Methods: We have recruited 403 individuals that fulfilled the criteria for HBOC from 11 health institutions of Argentina, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru. A pilot cohort of 222 individuals was analyzed by NGS gene panels. One hundred forty-three genes were selected on the basis of their putative role in susceptibility to different hereditary cancers. Libraries were sequenced in MiSeq (Illumina, Inc.) and PGM (Ion Torrent-Thermo Fisher Scientific) platforms. Results: The overall prevalence of pathogenic variants was 17% (38/222); the distribution spanned 14 genes and varied by country. The highest relative prevalence of pathogenic variants was found in patients from Argentina (25%, 14/57), followed by Mexico (18%, 12/68), Guatemala (16%, 3/19), and Colombia (13%, 10/78). Pathogenic variants were found in BRCA1 (20%) and BRCA2 (29%) genes. Pathogenic variants were found in other 12 genes, including high and moderate risk genes such as MSH2, MSH6, MUTYH, and PALB2. Additional pathogenic variants were found in HBOC unrelated genes such as DCLRE1C, WRN, PDE11A, and PDGFB. Conclusion: In this first phase of the project, we recruited 403 individuals and evaluated the germline genetic alterations in an initial cohort of 222 patients among 4 countries. Our data show for the first time in LA the distribution of pathogenic variants in a broad set of cancer susceptibility genes in HBOC. Even though we used extended gene panels, there was still a high proportion of patients without any detectable pathogenic variant, which emphasizes the larger, unexplored genetic nature of the disease in these populations

Educafarma 10.0

Memoria ID-030. Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2021-2022