Utilidad de la determinación sérica de marcadores tumorales en el diagnóstico del carcinoma broncogénico : cálculo de la probabilidad mediante regresión logística

Tesis Univ. Complutense de MadridEn este trabajo de tesis doctoral se defiende la utilidad de los marcadores tumorales en el diagnóstico del carcinoma broncogénico y la posibilidad de realizar un cálculo de la probabilidad de esta enfermedad a través del procedimiento estadístico de regresión logística.Depto. de CirugíaFac. de MedicinaTRUEpu

Images in Textbooks and Their Role in History Teaching. Design of an Analysis Tool

El objetivo de este trabajo es mostrar el diseño de un instrumento de análisis de las imágenes de los libros de texto de Ciencias Sociales, Geografía e Historia, su proceso metodológico, y los primeros resultados obtenidos. Para esta cuestión se han escogido aquellas imágenes presentes en los manuales escolares de 4.º de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria de tres importantes editoriales en España. Se ha analizado el uso de la iconografía en las primeras unidades de este curso académico para comprobar si la imagen como recurso didáctico ayuda y complementa al alumno a ampliar su conocimiento histórico. Los primeros resultados reflejan que las imágenes más comunes en los manuales de historia son las obras pictóricas y su funcionalidad es principalmente estéticaThe aim of this paper is to show the design an instrument for analyzing the images in the textbooks of Social Sciences, Geography and History, the methodological process and the first results obtained. For this issue we have chosen those images present in the textbooks of 4th ESO produced by three major publishers in Spain. We analyzed the use of iconography in the first units of this academic year to check whether the image as a teaching aid helps the students to expand their knowledge of history. The first results show that the most common images in history books are paintings and their function is mostly aestheti

Mujeres y uso del alcohol en las sociedades contemporáneas

El objetivo del trabajo es analizar los aspectos relacionados con el consumo de alcohol en grupos de bajo riesgo en función de sus condiciones ambientales, destacando aquellos aspectos significativos en razón del género. Para ello se ha utilizado una metodología de tipo cualitativo: el análisis de relatos escritos por jóvenes pertenecientes a grupos que contemplan conductas normalizadas socialmente. En los resultados encontramos, que a las mujeres no se las prepara en el seno familiar en las conductas relacionadas con la bebida, porque socialmente beber alcohol sigue siendo inapropiado para las mujeres, por lo que el aprendizaje lo realizan a partir de sus malas experiencias. Al mismo tiempo, las mujeres identifican el alcohol como una parte constitutiva de la vida social. Por lo tanto como conclusión podemos decir que las mujeres son más vulnerables que los hombres frente a conductas de riesgo, por lo que se plantearía la necesidad de abordar de manera específica la prevención de dicho consumo en los grupos de adolescentes en las edades de inicio en el alcohol

Photocatalytic degradation and mineralization of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using a composite TiO2 -rGO catalyst

The inherent resistance of perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) to biological degradation makes necessary to develop advanced technologies for the abatement of this group of hazardous substances. The present work investigated the photocatalytic decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) using a composite catalyst based on TiO2 and reduced graphene oxide (95% TiO2/5% rGO) that was synthesized using a facile hydrothermal method. The efficient photoactivity of the TiO2-rGO (0.1 g L-1) composite was confirmed for PFOA (0.24 mmol L-1) degradation that reached 93 ± 7% after 12 h of UV-vis irradiation using a medium pressure mercury lamp, a great improvement compared to the TiO2 photocatalysis (24 ± 11% PFOA removal) and direct photolysis (58 ± 9%). These findings indicate that rGO provided the suited properties of TiO2-rGO, possibly as a result of acting as electron acceptor and avoiding the high recombination electron/hole pairs. The release of fluoride and the formation of shorter-chain perfluorocarboxilyc acids, that were progressively eliminated in a good match with the analysed reduction of total organic carbon, is consistent with a step-by-step PFOA decomposition via photogenerated hydroxyl radicals. Finally, the apparent first order rate constants of the TiO2-rGO UV-vis PFOA decompositions, and the intermediate perfluorcarboxylic acids were found to increase as the length of the carbon chain was shorter.Financial support from projects CTM2013-44081-R, CTM2015-69845-R and CTM2016-75509-R (MINECO, SPAIN-FEDER 2014–2020) is acknowledged. B. Gomez thanks the FPI scholarship (BES-2014-071045)

Air saturation methodology proposal for the analysis of wine oxygen consumption kinetics

Producción CientíficaThe great heterogeneity currently present when characterizing wine consumption kinetics means that a saturation method, as well as different parameters that allow comparison between wines, need to be established. The aim of this work was to establish a robust method for a wine saturation protocol and compare different fitting models to approximate the oxygen consumption kinetics. To differentiate wines, parameters extracted from the oxygen consumption curves were studied and proposed. 72 young commercial wines (red, white and rosé) from different Spanish appellations of origin, varieties and vintages were used. The results revealed that 5 min was enough to saturate wines up to the maximum level for each one at 35 °C. The inverse curve fitting model showed the best results for all wines. Oxygen at half consumption time and time required to consume from 90% to 10% of the oxygen initially available were the parameters that differentiated wines the most.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (project AGL2017-87373-C3-2-R)Junta de Castilla y León (grant VA315P18

Early Years Staff Experiences in a “Culture of Learning” Regarding Inclusion in a Nursery Class in a British School: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.

Less than 20% of the early childhood education and care (ECEC) staff members working in British early childhood centres agree that the inclusion of all children is an essential part of their working agenda, as they feel unqualified to take care of children with complex SEN or disabilities. This study makes a novel contribution by drawing on data compiled from a one-year ethnographic study which addressed the in-service learning experiences of seven teaching staff members that work inclusively. The participants included 2 classroom teachers, 1 SENCo (Special Educational Needs Coordinator), and 4 teaching assistants from a preschool class that teaches 92 children between the ages of 3 and 4, located in a primary school in England. We explore what professional learning means for the participants’ role, which professional learning opportunities are meaningful to them, and under which circumstances had been offered. This study not only does consider their opportunities for professional development on the job but also outside of work. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, artifact analysis, and ongoing participant observation over one academic year. Data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA). The results demonstrate that this case study offers a unique perspective of a microsystem that could be at risk due to a lack of awareness by leaders and administration. The study is divided into four themes that directly impact inclusive professional service-development practices: (1) challenges posed to continuous professional development by differing professional roles, (2) motives for in-service training: combining career, school, and authorities’ interests, (3) promotion of meaningful professional development experiences by school, and (4) self-determined classroom motivated by respect and recognition.Partial funding for open access charge: Universidad de Málag

Influence of drying method and extraction variables on the antioxidant properties of persimmon leaves

[EN] The presence of antioxidant compounds and therefore the antioxidant capacity of persimmon leaves and their extracts have been reported by many authors. Furthermore, it is known that both the method of drying and the temperature at which this process takes place substantially affect the properties of the final product. However, there are no studies in the literature that examine how drying variables can affect the quality of persimmon leaves, especially as refers to preservation of their antioxidant properties. Therefore, the aim of this paper was to compare some antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts of persimmon leaves obtained under different drying methods (shade drying, hot air drying at 100 and 180 °C, and freeze drying) and infusion conditions (70, 80 and 90 °C for 1, 3, 5, 60 and 1440 min). The results in terms of total phenol content, flavonoids and antioxidant capacity indicated that air drying at 100 °C would be the optimal process for the stabilization of persimmon leaves, and their subsequent use in brewed beverages. Likewise, the best conditions of aqueous extraction in order to maximize the extractability of antioxidant compounds corresponded to 90 °C for 60 min. A short experiment performed in this study confirmed that small persimmon leaves (axial axis: 9±1 (cm); equatorial axis: 7.0±0.9 (cm)) had around 9% more flavonoids, and 7% more total phenolic content and antioxidant capacity than the large ones (axial axis: 17±2 (cm); equatorial axis: 10±1 (cm)).The authors acknowledge the support of the Universtitat Politecnica de Valencia and certify that there is no conflict of interest with any financial organization regarding the material discussed in the manuscript.Martínez Las Heras, R.; Heredia Gutiérrez, AB.; Castelló Gómez, ML.; Andrés Grau, AM. (2014). Influence of drying method and extraction variables on the antioxidant properties of persimmon leaves. Food Bioscience. 6:1-8. doi:10.1016/j.fbio.2014.01.002S18

Heritage, geographical scale and didactic potentiality: Students and teachers’ perspectives

Heritage and space establish reciprocal relations that have been studied for decades. On the one hand, heritage has been described as an inherently spatial phenomenon. On the other hand, places are defined according to the attributes that make up their identity, among which heritage is a fundamental instrument. On the basis of the idea that education plays an important role in the socialization process, transmitted by the inherited culture, to integrate each subject within the specific community, and the notion of scale as the closest to heritage, we defined as general objectives to determine the relationships between geographic scales, heritage perspective and the didactic potential granted to heritage, within the framework of the construction of collective identities, and to contrast the perspectives of students and teachers regarding the geographical scale, heritage and their didactic potential, deducing implications for educational practices. In order to answer to these objectives, we carried out a non-experimental quantitative research, with a relational-predictive objective. Specifically, we used a survey method, being the context the whole of the local scale (Fuente Álamo, Murcia, Spain) and acting as participants all students and teachers of Secondary Education (n = 459) linked to social sciences. They answered the Test on Didactic Potentiality of Heritage according to Scale (TDPHS), and its information was analysed through different procedures (Spearman’s correlations, descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U…), using the statistical programs SPSS. The results show, on the one hand, that the scalar perspective scores are generally low, heritage perspective is consistent with the consideration of the scales, and the perceived didactic potential in relation to heritage is related to the importance given to each of the scales; and, on the other hand, the contrast in the perspectives of students and teachers regarding the geographical scale, heritage and their didactic potential is minimal