165 research outputs found
Convergence analysis of a multigrid algorithm for the acoustic single layer equation
We present and analyze a multigrid algorithm for the acoustic single layer
equation in two dimensions. The boundary element formulation of the equation is
based on piecewise constant test functions and we make use of a weak inner
product in the multigrid scheme as proposed in \cite{BLP94}. A full error
analysis of the algorithm is presented. We also conduct a numerical study of
the effect of the weak inner product on the oscillatory behavior of the
eigenfunctions for the Laplace single layer operator
Mediation in the Law Curriculum
Cited by Lord Neuberger in ‘Educating Future Mediators’ at the 4th Civil Mediation Council National Conference, May 201
Multivalent glycoconjugates as anti-pathogenic agents
Multivalency plays a major role in biological processes and particularly in the relationship between pathogenic microorganisms and their host
that involves protein–glycan recognition. These interactions occur during the first steps of infection, for specific recognition between host and
bacteria, but also at different stages of the immune response. The search for high-affinity ligands for studying such interactions involves the
combination of carbohydrate head groups with different scaffolds and linkers generating multivalent glycocompounds with controlled spatial
and topology parameters. By interfering with pathogen adhesion, such glycocompounds including glycopolymers, glycoclusters,
glycodendrimers and glyconanoparticles have the potential to improve or replace antibiotic treatments that are now subverted by resistance.
Multivalent glycoconjugates have also been used for stimulating the innate and adaptive immune systems, for example with carbohydrate-based
vaccines. Bacteria present on their surfaces natural multivalent glycoconjugates such as lipopolysaccharides and S-layers that can also be
exploited or targeted in anti-infectious strategie
Sprint start kinetics of amputee and non-amputee sprinters
The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the forces applied to the starting blocks and the start performances (SPs) of amputee sprinters (ASs) and non-amputee sprinters (NASs). SPs of 154 male and female NASs (100-m personal records [PRs], 9.58–14.00 s) and 7 male ASs (3 unilateral above knee, 3 unilateral below knee, 1 bilateral below knee; 100 m PRs, 11.70–12.70 s) with running specific prostheses (RSPs) were analysed during full-effort sprint starts using instrumented starting blocks that measured the applied forces in 3D. Using the NAS dataset and a combination of factor analysis and multiple regression techniques, we explored the relationship between force characteristics and SP (quantified by normalized average horizontal block power). Start kinetics were subsequently compared between ASs and NASs who were matched based on their absolute 100 m PR and their 100 m PR relative to the world record in their starting class. In NASs, 86% of the variance in SP was shared with five latent factors on which measured parameters related to force application to the rear and front blocks and the respective push-off directions in the sagittal plane of motion were loaded. Mediolateral force application had little influence on SP. The SP of ASs was significantly reduced compared to that of NASs matched on the basis of relative 100-m PR (−33.8%; d = 2.11, p < 0.001), while a non-significant performance reduction was observed when absolute 100-m PRs were used (−17.7%; d = 0.79, p = 0.09). These results are at least partially explained by the fact that force application to the rear block was clearly impaired in the affected legs of ASs
A Housing Affordability Standard for the UK
Since 1990 there has been extensive exploration of the meaning of housing affordability by members of the academic, professional and advocacy communities in Britain. These debates have revealed weaknesses in the traditional ratio standard of affordability and led to arguments in support of an alternative, residual income concept of affordability. However, so far there has been only limited success in operationalising and applying the residual income approach in the UK. In the US, by contrast, arguments in support of a residual income approach to housing affordability emerged in the late 1960s and early 1970s, culminating in the formulation of operational standards utilising normative family budgets. This paper draws upon the US experience to formulate a residual income housing affordability standard for the UK that utilises the non-shelter components of the Family Budget Unit (FBU) ‘Low Cost but Acceptable’ budgets as the normative standard for minimum adequate residual income. The paper concludes by suggesting how use of such a ‘shelter’ poverty standard to assess housing affordability problems and needs in the UK might yield results that differ from those based on the ratio standard
Technologies for the solar photochemical and photocatalytic manufacture of specialities and commodities: A review.
Selective Solar-Photochemical and Solar-Photocatalytic Production of Fine and Bulk Chemicals
- …