ENTRE O VAZIO E O CAOS: AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS NO CÁRCERE NO CONTEXTO PANDÊMICO

O trabalho analisa as políticas públicas e as instituições prisionais no enfrentamento da COVID-19. Para dar conta da heterogeneidade com que a pandemia evolui em condições socioeconômicas distintas, adota-se a noção de contexto pandêmico. A metodologia utilizada é qualitativa descritiva, com base no trabalho de Michel Foucault. O objetivo principal é demonstrar que o estado sanitário das prisões pode contribuir para o agravamento da epidemia de coronavírus no Brasil, mais especificamente, busca-se analisar a situação dos direitos fundamentais nas prisões durante a epidemia, bem como investigar a possibilidade das prisões se transformarem em focos de geração de variantes do vírus. Palavras chave: Covid-19; Direito à Saúde; Políticas Públicas; Prisões

Desempenho agronômico do milho para produção de silagem, cultivado em sucessão a plantas de cobertura

This study aimed to evaluate the agronomic performance of corn for silage corn grown after cover crops. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications and seven treatments. The treatments were corn grown in the straw 1) oat; 2) oat + oilseed radish; 3) oat + white lupine; 4) white lupine; 5) crambe; 6) spontaneus vegetation (fallow ground) and 7) spontaneus vegetation (fallow ground) + nitrogen fertilizer in the V6 phase in the amount of 100 kg ha-1 N. Were evaluated: plant height, height of ear placement, stem diameter below the ear placement, stem diameter, above the ear insertion, number of leaves below the ear placement, number of leaves above ear placement, diameter and spike length, ear number and yield of green mass (biomass). Corn plants were harvested between stages of dough and dough. There was a significant difference only for the number of leaves above ear placement. Biomass production of maize grown under different straw covering plants is not influenced significantly, regardless of the species used. The application of nitrogen did not influence the production of biomass for silage.Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho agronômico do milho para produção de silagem, cultivado em sucessão a plantas de cobertura. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições e sete tratamentos. Os tratamentos foram: milho cultivado sob a palhada de 1) aveia; 2) aveia + nabo; 3)  aveia + tremoço branco; 4) tremoço branco; 5) crambe; 6) vegetação espontânea (pousio) e 7) vegetação espontânea (pousio) + adubação nitrogenada em cobertura, aplicado no estádio V6 na quantidade de 100 kg ha-1 de N. Foram avaliadas: altura da planta, altura da inserção da espiga, diâmetro do colmo abaixo da inserção da espiga, diâmetro do colmo acima da inserção da espiga, número de folhas abaixo da inserção da espiga, número de folhas acima da inserção da espiga, diâmetro e comprimento das espigas, número de espigas e produtividade de massa verde. As plantas de milho foram colhidas no estádio R5 (formação do dente). Os resultados mostraram que a produção de biomassa do milho cultivado sob a palhada de diferentes plantas de cobertura, não é influenciada de forma significativa, independentemente da espécie utilizada. A aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura também não influenciou na produção de biomassa para silagem

Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil: setting the baseline knowledge on the animal diversity in Brazil

The limited temporal completeness and taxonomic accuracy of species lists, made available in a traditional manner in scientific publications, has always represented a problem. These lists are invariably limited to a few taxonomic groups and do not represent up-to-date knowledge of all species and classifications. In this context, the Brazilian megadiverse fauna is no exception, and the Catálogo Taxonômico da Fauna do Brasil (CTFB) (http://fauna.jbrj.gov.br/), made public in 2015, represents a database on biodiversity anchored on a list of valid and expertly recognized scientific names of animals in Brazil. The CTFB is updated in near real time by a team of more than 800 specialists. By January 1, 2024, the CTFB compiled 133,691 nominal species, with 125,138 that were considered valid. Most of the valid species were arthropods (82.3%, with more than 102,000 species) and chordates (7.69%, with over 11,000 species). These taxa were followed by a cluster composed of Mollusca (3,567 species), Platyhelminthes (2,292 species), Annelida (1,833 species), and Nematoda (1,447 species). All remaining groups had less than 1,000 species reported in Brazil, with Cnidaria (831 species), Porifera (628 species), Rotifera (606 species), and Bryozoa (520 species) representing those with more than 500 species. Analysis of the CTFB database can facilitate and direct efforts towards the discovery of new species in Brazil, but it is also fundamental in providing the best available list of valid nominal species to users, including those in science, health, conservation efforts, and any initiative involving animals. The importance of the CTFB is evidenced by the elevated number of citations in the scientific literature in diverse areas of biology, law, anthropology, education, forensic science, and veterinary science, among others

ATLANTIC EPIPHYTES: a data set of vascular and non-vascular epiphyte plants and lichens from the Atlantic Forest

Epiphytes are hyper-diverse and one of the frequently undervalued life forms in plant surveys and biodiversity inventories. Epiphytes of the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered ecosystems in the world, have high endemism and radiated recently in the Pliocene. We aimed to (1) compile an extensive Atlantic Forest data set on vascular, non-vascular plants (including hemiepiphytes), and lichen epiphyte species occurrence and abundance; (2) describe the epiphyte distribution in the Atlantic Forest, in order to indicate future sampling efforts. Our work presents the first epiphyte data set with information on abundance and occurrence of epiphyte phorophyte species. All data compiled here come from three main sources provided by the authors: published sources (comprising peer-reviewed articles, books, and theses), unpublished data, and herbarium data. We compiled a data set composed of 2,095 species, from 89,270 holo/hemiepiphyte records, in the Atlantic Forest of Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay, recorded from 1824 to early 2018. Most of the records were from qualitative data (occurrence only, 88%), well distributed throughout the Atlantic Forest. For quantitative records, the most common sampling method was individual trees (71%), followed by plot sampling (19%), and transect sampling (10%). Angiosperms (81%) were the most frequently registered group, and Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae were the families with the greatest number of records (27,272 and 21,945, respectively). Ferns and Lycophytes presented fewer records than Angiosperms, and Polypodiaceae were the most recorded family, and more concentrated in the Southern and Southeastern regions. Data on non-vascular plants and lichens were scarce, with a few disjunct records concentrated in the Northeastern region of the Atlantic Forest. For all non-vascular plant records, Lejeuneaceae, a family of liverworts, was the most recorded family. We hope that our effort to organize scattered epiphyte data help advance the knowledge of epiphyte ecology, as well as our understanding of macroecological and biogeographical patterns in the Atlantic Forest. No copyright restrictions are associated with the data set. Please cite this Ecology Data Paper if the data are used in publication and teaching events. © 2019 The Authors. Ecology © 2019 The Ecological Society of Americ

Ensino de Ciências e Matemática IV: temas de investigação

Este e-book é uma produção do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação Para a Ciência - PPGEC - da Faculdade de Ciências da UNESP, campus de Bauru, e faz parte do Programa de Publicações Digitais da Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação, em parceria com a Fundação Editora da UNESP, que tem como principal objetivo a divulgação de pesquisas realizadas pelos Programas de Pós-Graduação da universidade. A série Ensino de Ciências e Matemática teve início em 2009 e visa, por meio de pesquisas oriundas de teses, dissertações e de grupos de pesquisa, divulgar e fomentar a discussão sobre processos de ensino de Ciências e Matemática analisada a partir de diferentes perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas. Essa série abarca temáticas recentes que estão sempre presentes nas discussões de importantes eventos científicos, nacionais e internacionais, da área da Educação para a Ciência e Matemática. Entre esses temas destacam: formação de professores, formação de conceitos, Tecnologias da Informação, processos de ensino, entre outros. Esta obra é intitulada Ensino de Ciências e Matemática IV: temas de investigação porque veicula pesquisas que abordam temas atuais e importantes estudados por pós-graduandos e docentes do Programa, como, por exemplo, avaliação, prática de ensino, robótica, prática pedagógica, TV digital, educação desenvolvida em âmbito não-escolar, entre outros. Tais investigações são resultados de pesquisas desenvolvidas no Programa: algumas são resultados de teses e dissertações e outras foram produzidas por grupos de pesquisa. Professores que ensinam Ciências e Matemática, em diferentes níveis de escolaridade, e pesquisadores que desenvolvem estudos nessas áreas poderão ter fácil acesso a esta obra, uma vez que estará disponível na Internet, o que pode contribuir para o debate sobre ..

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities