Internet e ideología

Closely to a definition of ideology try to find a connection among the phenomena of internet in modern society. It analyze the paper of internet, the nature of cyberspace, the information implicit contents, so as the requirements of infrastructure like computers, net connection needs , and others. Principal conclusions are: internet phenomena starts to be protagonist since cultural diffusion, since the ideas; it contents a big charge of information with idiomatic tendencies un a franc language (English), it origins major restrictions to generate knowledge in other languages different to English; and, to finish, it affirms there are a necessity, moyen generation of information, symbols or set of symbols to reduce uncertainly and dependency to the hegemony of anglo-culture

Caracterización, funcionalidad tecnológica y bioactividad de proteínas lácteas glicosiladas vía reacción de Maillard

Tesis doctoral inédita. Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Química-Física Aplicada. Fecha de lectura: 21/1/201

Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Derived from Lactulose (OsLu) Using Soluble and Immobilized Aspergillus oryzae β-Galactosidase

β-Galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae offers a high yield for the synthesis of oligosaccharides derived from lactulose (OsLu) by transgalactosylation. Oligosaccharides with degree of polymerization (DP) ≥ 3 have shown to possess higher in vitro bifidogenic effect than di- and tetrasaccharides. Thus, in this work, an optimization of reaction conditions affecting the specific selectivity of A. oryzae β-galactosidase for synthesis of OsLu has been carried out to enhance OsLu with DP ≥ 3 production. Assays with β-galactosidase immobilized onto a glutaraldehyde–agarose support were also carried out with the aim of making the process cost-effective and industrially viable. Optimal conditions with both soluble and immobilized enzyme for the synthesis of OsLu with DP ≥ 3 were 50 °C, pH 6.5, 450 g/L of lactulose, and 8 U/mL of enzyme, reaching yields of ca. 50% (w/v) of total OsLu and ca. 20% (w/v) of OsLu with DP 3, being 6′-galactosyl-lactulose the major one, after a short reaction time. Selective formation of disaccharides, however, was favored at 60 °C, pH 4.5, 450 g/L of lactulose and 8 U/mL of enzyme. Immobilization increased the enzymatic stability to temperature changes and allowed to reuse the enzyme. We can conclude that the use, under determined optimal conditions, of the A. oryzae β-galactosidase immobilized on a support of glutaraldehyde–agarose constitutes an efficient and cost-effective alternative to the use of soluble β-galactosidases for the synthesis of prebiotic OsLu mixturesThis work has been supported by projects AGL2014-53445-R from Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad; ALIBIRD-CM S-2013/ABI-2728 from Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid and COOPB20099 from CSI

Characterization and improvement of rheological properties of sodium caseinate glycated with galactose, lactose and dextran

10 páginas, 7 figuras, 2 tablas.-- El pdf del artículo es la versión de autor.The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of non-enzymatic glycosylation with galactose, lactose, and 10 kDa dextran on the rheological properties of sodium caseinate. To promote the formation of covalent complexes, the reaction was done in solid state (aw = 0.67), pH 7.0 (0.1 M sodium phosphate buffer), and temperature set at 50 and 60 °C. The progress of Maillard reaction was indirectly traced by measuring the formation of the Amadori compound, through furosine (2-furoylmethyl-lysine) analysis, and brown polymers, and the resulting glycoconjugates were characterized by LC/ESI-MS and SEC. Results showed a higher reactivity of galactose than lactose and dextran to form the glycoconjugates, due to its smaller molecular weight. Glycation with galactose and lactose increased the viscosity of caseinate and also altered its flow characteristics from Newtonian to shear-thinning. Oscillatory testing showed a higher elastic modulus (G′) in glycoconjugates when compared to non-glycated caseinate, especially with galactose, where a gel-like behaviour was observed after long incubation times. Glycation with dextran did not produce substantial improvements in the rheological properties of caseinate, probably due to the limited extent of the reaction. Our results show that by controlling the rate and extent of the Maillard reaction is a technologically feasible operation to improve the viscosity and gelling properties of sodium caseinate-based ingredients.This work was supported by projects Consolider Ingenio 2010 FUN-C-FOOD CSD2007-00063 (Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia), ALIBIRD S-0505/AGR/000153 (Comunidad de Madrid) and Hatch project TEN00332 (University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture). M. Corzo-Martínez thanks the CSIC for an I3P PhD-grant.Peer reviewe

Percepción de la población respecto al ruido producido por el transporte público en el distrito de Barranca, Lima, Perú

The present study shows the results of the research carried out on the perception of the inhabitants of the Barranca district in Lima, Peru, regarding the influence of environmental noise produced by vehicular transport. As a methodology to collect information, a survey was applied, with which it was confirmed if people considered that vehicular noise affected their daily work and then, to those who responded positively, the instrument was applied with five questions and four levels of response. The results were treated with descriptive statistics (frequency analysis) and inferential statistics (Friedman's Variance) to establish the degree of relevance of each factor. It was obtained that the majority considers that vehicle noise does not affect (58.2%) and that those who consider that it does affect place lack of concentration as the most important problem, followed by stress and aggressiveness. There is a significant difference between the results of the questions with a 95% confidence level. Likewise, the questions were placed in three groups according to the Friedman test (bad mood and hearing loss, stress and aggressiveness, concentration), which present statistical equality within groups and differences outside groups.En el presente trabajo se muestran los resultados de la investigación realizada sobre la percepción de los habitantes del distrito de Barranca en Lima, Perú, respecto a la influencia del ruido ambiental producido por el transporte vehicular. Como metodología de recolección de información se aplicó una encuesta, con la que se confirmó si las personas consideraban que el ruido vehicular afectaba su quehacer diario y luego, a los que respondieron positivamente, se les aplicó el instrumento con cinco preguntas y cuatro niveles de respuesta. Los resultados se trataron con estadística descriptiva (análisis de frecuencias) e inferencial (varianza de Friedman) a fin de establecer el grado de relevancia de cada factor. Se obtuvo que la mayoría considera que el ruido vehicular no afecta (58.2%) y los que consideran que sí afecta ubican a la falta de concentración como el problema más importante, seguido del estrés y la agresividad. Se corrobora que existe diferencia significativa entre los resultados de las preguntas con nivel de confianza de 95%; asimismo, las preguntas se ubicaron en tres grupos de acuerdo a la prueba de Friedman (mal humor y pérdida de audición, estrés y agresividad, concentración), los cuales presentan igualdad estadística intragrupos y diferencias extragrupos

Internet e ideología

Closely to a definition of ideology try to find a connection among the phenomena of internet in modern society. It analyze the paper of internet, the nature of cyberspace, the information implicit contents, so as the requirements of infrastructure like computers, net connection needs , and others. Principal conclusions are: internet phenomena starts to be protagonist since cultural diffusion, since the ideas; it contents a big charge of information with idiomatic tendencies un a franc language (English), it origins major restrictions to generate knowledge in other languages different to English; and, to finish, it affirms there are a necessity, moyen generation of information, symbols or set of symbols to reduce uncertainly and dependency to the hegemony of anglo-culture

El financiamiento externo de las PyMEs del MERCOSUR

El presente trabajo analiza un conjunto de variables como posibles determinantes en el acceso al financiamiento externo de las PyMEs pertenecientes a cuatro países miembros del MERCOSUR: Argentina, Brasil, Uruguay y Paraguay. Se utiliza la base de datos Enterprise Survey del Banco Mundial y se aplican modelos Probit a fin de probar las hipótesis planteadas. Los resultados generales indican que el tamaño de la empresa, el mercado de destino, el género del gerente, las empresas familiares y el financiamiento mediante proveedores afectan el acceso al financiamiento externo. Además, se completa el análisis mediante la realización de regresiones para cada país de la muestra, donde las variables comunes entre todos resultaron ser el financiamiento con proveedores y el tamaño de las PyMEs (excepto para el caso de las PyMEs de Paraguay). A su vez, se destaca la significatividad de variables para cada país de estudio

First Report of Soybean (Glycine max) Disease Caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Cuba

Soybean (Glycine max L.) has become one of the most widely consumed foods, however diseases caused by microorganisms can affect yields and seed quality. In March 2015, during routine survey in a soybean growing area in Pinar del Rio province, Cuba; disease symptoms were observed in some leaves. These included water-soaked necrotic spots with surrounded chlorotic halos, especially on the margins of the leaves. To identify the possible pathogens involved, leaves were disinfected with tap water, 70% ethanol and were rinsed with sterile distilled water. Small segments from diseased tissue were macerated in sterile 0.85% NaCl solution, decimal dilutions were performed and 20 µL aliquots were streaked onto King´s B medium (KB). After 24 hours of incubation at 28 oC, a fluorescent pseudomonad was isolated. Colonies were round, smooth and produced yellowish-green diffusible pigments on KB. Physiological and morphological characteristics were determined using standard microbiological techniques (Schaad et al., 200..

Comparison of fixation systems for anterior cruciate ligament rupture reconstruction at Hospital Nacional de Policia

Introducción. La rotura del ligamento cruzado anterior es frecuente y conlleva a una gran inestabilidad de la rodilla, siendo la reconstrucción el tratamiento ideal. Objetivo. Evaluar la evolución funcional de pacientes operados de reconstrucción de ligamento cruzado anterior con sistemas de anclaje externo y expansión interna. Diseño. Estudio analítico, observacional, longitudinal y ambispectivo. Lugar. Departamento de Traumatología y Ortopedia, Hospital Nacional de la Policía “Luis Nicasio Sáenz”, Lima, Perú. Participantes. Todos los pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión durante el periodo enero a diciembre 2014. Intervenciones. La recolección de datos se basó en la historia clínica, examen físico y la aplicación de la escalas de Lysholm y Tegner al inicio del estudio y a los 6 y 12 meses de seguimiento. Los resultados fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva e inferencial con las pruebas de Shapiro–Wilk y U de Mann-Withney para variables no paramétricas. Resultados. Se incluyó 46 pacientes, 38 hombres y 8 mujeres; la edad promedio fue 31,7 años, se colocaron 13 sistemas de expansión interna y 33 de anclaje externo. No hubo complicaciones intrahospitalarias. La escala de Lysholm mostró un incremento de 65,2 puntos (pobre) en promedio en el preoperatorio a 88,0 puntos (bueno) a 12 meses; la escala de Tegner, dio 7 puntos en 42 pacientes y 8 puntos en 4 pacientes (nivel de actividad física media). No se encontró diferencias significativas sobre la recuperación funcional entre ambos sistemas. Conclusiones. Ambos sistemas de fijación de expansión interna y de anclaje externo tuvieron buenos resultados, mejorando la funcionalidad de la rodilla de pobre a bueno, posterior a la cirugía.Introduction: The anterior cruciate ligament rupture is common and produces great knee instability; reconstruction is the ideal treatment. Objective: To determine the functional evolution of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with external anchoring and internal expansion systems. Design: Analytical, observational, longitudinal and ambispective study. Location: Orthopedics and Traumatology Department, Hospital Nacional de Policía “Luis Nicasio Saenz”, Lima, Peru. Participants: All patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria from January to December 2014. Interventions: Data collection was based on medical history, physical examination and application of the Lysholm and Tegner Knee Scoring Scales at baseline and after 6 and 12 months follow-up. Results were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics with the Shapiro-Wilk and Mann-Whitney U tests for nonparametric variables. Results: 46 patients were included, 38 men and 8 women; the mean age was 31.7 years; 13 patients received an internal expansion system and 33, an external anchoring systems were placed. There were no medical complications. Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale showed an increase from 65.2 points (poor) on average in the preoperative assessment to 88.0 points (good) 12 months later; Tegner Activity Scale showed 7 points in 42 patients and 8 points in 4 patients (middle physical activity level). There was no significant difference on functional recovery between the two systems. Conclusions: Both internal expansion and external anchoring fixation systems had good results by improving the knee function from poor to good after surgery

Influenza challenging the diagnosis and management of pulmonary coccidioidomycosis

Funding There was no funding for this manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD