ANÁLISE TERMOGRAVIMÉTRICA DE MICROPARTÍCULAS DE ÓLEO DE PEQUI (CARYOCAR CORIACEUM WITTM.) EM MATRIZ POLIMÉRICA DE ALGINATO E QUITOSANA

Pequi oil has high level of antioxidant substances, phenolic compounds, vitamin A and E, substances that are sensitive to the presence of light and oxygen. In order to provide greater stability to these compounds, microencapsulation techniques have been applied. Microparticles have different characteristics depending on the matrix, the microencapsulation technique and the drying method used. Thermal stability of the resulting microparticles is always important for industrial applications. The objective of this work was to perform thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of pequi oil microparticles (OP) with chitosan (QT) / alginate (AG) and alginate matrixes submitted to oven drying and freeze drying. The percentage weight loss was calculated over time. The QT/ AG/OP microcapsules showed a higher temperature and enthalpy of degradation than AG/OP, thus the electrolytic complexation of QT/AG resulted in better thermal stability. Regardless of the drying method applied, the QT/ AG/OP particles showed the first degradation peak at 375 ° C, thus this matrix was suitable for oil protection in terms of thermal resistance.Óleo de pequi apresenta em sua constituição altos teores de substâncias antioxidantes, compostos fenólicos, vitamina A e E, substâncias essas sensíveis a presença de luz e oxigênio. A fim de proporcionar maior estabilidade a esses compostos, as técnicas de microencapsulação vêm sendo aplicadas. Micropartículas apresentam diferentes características a depender da matriz, da técnica de microencapsulação e do método de secagem utilizados. Estabilidade térmica das micropartículas resultantes é sempre importante para aplicações a nível industrial. O objetivo desse trabalho foi realizar análise termogravimétrica (TGA) de micropartículas de óleo de pequi (OP) com matrizes de quitosana (QT)/ alginato (AG) e de alginato submetidas as secagens em estufa e por liofilização. A perda de massa percentual foi calculada em relação ao tempo. As microcápsulas de QT/AG/OP apresentaram maior temperatura e entalpia de degradação do que AG/OP, podendo inferir assim que a complexação eletrolítica de QT/AG resultou em melhor estabilidade térmica. Independentemente do método de secagem aplicado, as partículas de QT/AG/OP apresentaram o primeiro pico de degradação em 375 °C, sendo esta matriz de polissacarídeo adequada para a proteção do óleo em termos de resistência térmica

Use of cashew gum combined with galactomannan for encapsulation of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil

Encapsulating matrices are important to maintain the properties, promote the low and controlled release, and avoid these bioactive compounds' undesirable reactions. This study's objective was to evaluate cashew gum (CG) use combined with galactomannan (GAL) in the rosemary essential oil encapsulation by atomization. During the emulsification, the polysaccharides were crosslinked with sodium trimetaphosphate. The particles obtained after encapsulation were evaluated for moisture, solubility, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, morphology, antimicrobial activity, and chemical composition of the essential oil volatiles. GAL/CG blend showed higher encapsulation efficiency and lower oil release than the cashew gum matrix. Undoubtedly, galactomannan combined with cashew gum improved the microparticles' characteristics due to the galactomannan's high emulsifying property even in low concentration. Essential oil maintained its antimicrobial and chemical properties practically after the encapsulation procedure

Percepções das mudanças na vida social e psíquica de adolescentes grávidas em unidade básica de saúde em Olinda, Pernambuco / Perceptions of changes in the social and psychic life of pregnant adolescents in a basic health unit in Olinda, Pernambuco

Adolescência é o período de transição marcado pela imaturidade e transformações biológicas, psicológicas e do respectivo papel social. A experiência de gravidez na adolescência pode se caracterizar em fator desencadeante ou agravante de sofrimento psíquico. O objetivo foi estudar o discurso de adolescentes grávidas sobre aspectos subjetivos da experiência de transtorno mental e gravidez. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, analítica e transversal. Foi aplicado individualmente um roteiro de entrevista semidiretiva às adolescentes grávidas atendidas na Unidade Básica de Saúde de Salgadinho – Sítio Novo, em Olinda, Pernambuco, com a análise dos discursos baseada na Análise de Conteúdo. Os discursos foram divididos em três tópicos, sendo recortados respectivos temas. O primeiro tópico, “percepção das adolescentes sobre a experiência de gravidez”; o segundo deles, “mudanças no modo de vida com a gravidez” e o terceiro, “impactos da gravidez no estado psíquico”. A experiência de gravidez na adolescência é um fenômeno ambíguo e complexo que requer um cuidado integral, entre eles, a prevenção através de uma adequada e aberta proposta de educação em saúde. Os desdobramentos no cotidiano e na vida psíquica das adolescentes foram vistos de forma relevante nas relações interpessoais. A percepção sobre a gravidez é influenciada por fatores culturais, socioeconômicos e afetivos. 

COVID-19 symptoms at hospital admission vary with age and sex: results from the ISARIC prospective multinational observational study

Background: The ISARIC prospective multinational observational study is the largest cohort of hospitalized patients with COVID-19. We present relationships of age, sex, and nationality to presenting symptoms. Methods: International, prospective observational study of 60 109 hospitalized symptomatic patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 recruited from 43 countries between 30 January and 3 August 2020. Logistic regression was performed to evaluate relationships of age and sex to published COVID-19 case definitions and the most commonly reported symptoms. Results: ‘Typical’ symptoms of fever (69%), cough (68%) and shortness of breath (66%) were the most commonly reported. 92% of patients experienced at least one of these. Prevalence of typical symptoms was greatest in 30- to 60-year-olds (respectively 80, 79, 69%; at least one 95%). They were reported less frequently in children (≤ 18 years: 69, 48, 23; 85%), older adults (≥ 70 years: 61, 62, 65; 90%), and women (66, 66, 64; 90%; vs. men 71, 70, 67; 93%, each P < 0.001). The most common atypical presentations under 60 years of age were nausea and vomiting and abdominal pain, and over 60 years was confusion. Regression models showed significant differences in symptoms with sex, age and country. Interpretation: This international collaboration has allowed us to report reliable symptom data from the largest cohort of patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19. Adults over 60 and children admitted to hospital with COVID-19 are less likely to present with typical symptoms. Nausea and vomiting are common atypical presentations under 30 years. Confusion is a frequent atypical presentation of COVID-19 in adults over 60 years. Women are less likely to experience typical symptoms than men

NEOTROPICAL XENARTHRANS: a data set of occurrence of xenarthran species in the Neotropics

Xenarthrans—anteaters, sloths, and armadillos—have essential functions for ecosystem maintenance, such as insect control and nutrient cycling, playing key roles as ecosystem engineers. Because of habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting pressure, and conflicts with domestic dogs, these species have been threatened locally, regionally, or even across their full distribution ranges. The Neotropics harbor 21 species of armadillos, 10 anteaters, and 6 sloths. Our data set includes the families Chlamyphoridae (13), Dasypodidae (7), Myrmecophagidae (3), Bradypodidae (4), and Megalonychidae (2). We have no occurrence data on Dasypus pilosus (Dasypodidae). Regarding Cyclopedidae, until recently, only one species was recognized, but new genetic studies have revealed that the group is represented by seven species. In this data paper, we compiled a total of 42,528 records of 31 species, represented by occurrence and quantitative data, totaling 24,847 unique georeferenced records. The geographic range is from the southern United States, Mexico, and Caribbean countries at the northern portion of the Neotropics, to the austral distribution in Argentina, Paraguay, Chile, and Uruguay. Regarding anteaters, Myrmecophaga tridactyla has the most records (n = 5,941), and Cyclopes sp. have the fewest (n = 240). The armadillo species with the most data is Dasypus novemcinctus (n = 11,588), and the fewest data are recorded for Calyptophractus retusus (n = 33). With regard to sloth species, Bradypus variegatus has the most records (n = 962), and Bradypus pygmaeus has the fewest (n = 12). Our main objective with Neotropical Xenarthrans is to make occurrence and quantitative data available to facilitate more ecological research, particularly if we integrate the xenarthran data with other data sets of Neotropical Series that will become available very soon (i.e., Neotropical Carnivores, Neotropical Invasive Mammals, and Neotropical Hunters and Dogs). Therefore, studies on trophic cascades, hunting pressure, habitat loss, fragmentation effects, species invasion, and climate change effects will be possible with the Neotropical Xenarthrans data set. Please cite this data paper when using its data in publications. We also request that researchers and teachers inform us of how they are using these data

Characteristics and outcomes of an international cohort of 600 000 hospitalized patients with COVID-19

Background: We describe demographic features, treatments and clinical outcomes in the International Severe Acute Respiratory and emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 cohort, one of the world's largest international, standardized data sets concerning hospitalized patients. Methods: The data set analysed includes COVID-19 patients hospitalized between January 2020 and January 2022 in 52 countries. We investigated how symptoms on admission, co-morbidities, risk factors and treatments varied by age, sex and other characteristics. We used Cox regression models to investigate associations between demographics, symptoms, co-morbidities and other factors with risk of death, admission to an intensive care unit (ICU) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). Results: Data were available for 689 572 patients with laboratory-confirmed (91.1%) or clinically diagnosed (8.9%) SARS-CoV-2 infection from 52 countries. Age [adjusted hazard ratio per 10 years 1.49 (95% CI 1.48, 1.49)] and male sex [1.23 (1.21, 1.24)] were associated with a higher risk of death. Rates of admission to an ICU and use of IMV increased with age up to age 60 years then dropped. Symptoms, co-morbidities and treatments varied by age and had varied associations with clinical outcomes. The case-fatality ratio varied by country partly due to differences in the clinical characteristics of recruited patients and was on average 21.5%. Conclusions: Age was the strongest determinant of risk of death, with a ∼30-fold difference between the oldest and youngest groups; each of the co-morbidities included was associated with up to an almost 2-fold increase in risk. Smoking and obesity were also associated with a higher risk of death. The size of our international database and the standardized data collection method make this study a comprehensive international description of COVID-19 clinical features. Our findings may inform strategies that involve prioritization of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 who have a higher risk of death

The value of open-source clinical science in pandemic response: lessons from ISARIC

International audienc