Characteristics of the Teaching of the Concept of Rate of Change in the Areas of Physics and Calculus at the Universidad de La Salle and the Universidad Católica de Colombia

El concepto de razón de cambio es uno de los más relevantes del cálculo, ya que explica fenómenos propios de las ciencias básicas y de diferentes áreas del saber, como el aumento y la disminución de la temperatura conforme varía el tiempo, el crecimiento de una planta con el paso de los días, el área de figuras geométricas al variar alguno de sus lados o el cambio de posición con respecto al tiempo, entre otros. En este trabajo se contrasta el criterio de profesores de física y matemáticas sobre el estado actual de la enseñanza del concepto de razón de cambio en las Universidades de La Salle y Católica de Colombia. Para conocer las características que priman en la enseñanza del concepto de razón de cambio, se encuestó a veintitrés profesores de las dos áreas del saber (seis profesores de la Católica y diecisiete de La Salle), las cuales fueron aplicadas durante las primeras semanas del segundo semestre de 2019. Se tuvieron en cuenta: el tiempo de experiencia en la enseñanza del concepto, la formación académica, el nivel de formación, la categoría docente, el área de trabajo y los años de experiencia en el área. Se observó que los profesores participantes tienen los conocimientos para la enseñanza del concepto, ya que la gran mayoría cuenta con más de diez años de experiencia en su área, con un mínimo de cinco años en la orientación de alguna de las asignaturas. Si bien la gran mayoría de los profesores hace uso de situaciones contextualizadas como recurso para la enseñanza, muchas veces estas no son procesadas por los estudiantes, puesto que se puntualiza en los procedimientos y algoritmos y no en la comprensión del concepto y la habilidad para resolver problemas. En consecuencia, a pesar de que se cuenta con fortalezas en la enseñanza del concepto de razón de cambio, se identificaron limitaciones que la alejan de las estrategias privilegiadas por las dos instituciones.Abstract: The concept of rate of change is one of the most relevant in the calculus, since it explains phenomena typical of basic sciences and different areas of knowledge, such as the increase and decrease in temperature as time varies, the growth of a plant with the passing of the days, the area of geometric figures will vary some of its sides or the change of position with respect to time, among others. This paper contrasts the criteria of physics and mathematics teachers on the current state of teaching the concept of the rate of change in the Universities of La Salle and Católica de Colombia. To know the characteristics that prevail in the teaching of the concept of the rate of change, twenty-three professors from the two areas of knowledge were surveyed (six professors from the Universidad Católica de Colombia and seventeen from La Salle), which were applied during the first weeks of the second 2019 semester. The following were taken into account: the time of experience in teaching the concept, the academic training, the level of training, the teaching category, the work area and the years of experience in the area. It was observed that the participating teachers have the knowledge to teach the concept, since the vast majority have more than ten years of experience in their area, with a minimum of five years in the guidance of any of the subjects. Although the vast majority of teachers make use of contextualized situations as a teaching resource, many times these are not processed by students, since it is specified in the procedures and algorithms and not in the understanding of the concept and the ability to solve problems. Consequently, despite the fact that there are strengths in teaching the concept of the rate of change, limitations were identified that distance it from the strategies favored by the two institutions

Homeostatic control of polyamine levels under long-term salt stress in Arabidopsis

Salt stress has been frequently studied in its first osmotic phase. Very often, data regarding the second ionic phase is missing. It has also been suggested that Putrescine or/and Spermine could be responsible for salt resistance. In order to test this hypothesis under long-term salt stress, we obtained Arabidopsis thaliana transgenic plants harboring pRD29A::oatADC or pRD29A::GUS construction. Although Putrescine was the only polyamine significantly increased after salt acclimation in pRD29A::oatADC transgenic lines, this rendered in no advantage to this kind of stress. The higher Spermine levels found in WT and transgenic lines when compared to control conditions along with no increment on Putrescine levels in WT plants under salt acclimation, leads us to analyze Spermine effect on pADC1 and pADC2 expression. Increasing levels of this polyamine inhibits these promoters expression while enhances pRD29A expression, making Spermine the polyamine responsible for salt acclimation, and the transgenic lines developed in this work suitable for studying Putrescine roles in conditions where its biosynthesis would be inhibited in the WT genotype

Adelante / Endavant

Séptimo desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere "Purificación Escribano" de la Universitat Jaume

Encuentro de Ciencias Básicas (4) : Las ciencias básicas y los nuevos retos. Experiencias significativas en el aula y I Congreso internacional de Red de Departamentos de Ciencias Básicas: ciencia y tecnología

El IV Encuentro de ciencias básicas: las ciencias básicas y los nuevos retos. Experiencias significativas en el aula y I Congreso internacional de Red de Departamentos de Ciencias Básicas: ciencia y tecnología, se desarrolló en las instalaciones de la Universidad Agustiniana y contó con el apoyo y la organización de la Red de Departamentos de Ciencias Básicas, constituidas por las universidades Católica de Colombia, Agustiniana, Santo Tomás, de La Salle y Sergio Arboleda. En estas memorias se recopilan los mejores trabajos de investigación y reflexión presentados en el evento, que aportan discusiones desde diferentes perspectivas teóricas al problema central que convoca este evento. (tomado de la fuente})Contenido Prólogo.. 5 Fredy Ramón Garay-Garay Valor agregado en instituciones de educación superior de Bogotá ..9 Added value in higher education institutions in Bogotá Yeimmy Katherine Serrano León, Alberto Montalvo Castro, Julio César León Luquez, Jony Enrique Romero Guerrero, John Álvaro Soto Quintero Reflexiones pedagógicas sobre el contexto de enseñanza y aprendizaje en el Departamento de Ciencias Básicas de la Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina… 22 Pedagogical Reflections on the Context of Teaching and Learning in the Departments of Basic Sciences of Fundación Universitaria del Área Andina Nelly Yolanda Céspedes Guevara, Javier Cortés Martín Evaluación de la responsabilidad social empresarial en un proceso licitatorio ..31 Evaluation of Corporate Social Responsibility in a Bidding Édgar Antonio Pinto Cruz Desarrollo de competencias científicas en cursos de Química .. 46 Development of Scientific Competences in Chemistry Courses Margarita Rendón Fernández, Vanessa Gómez Desempeño en la prueba específica de Pensamiento Científico: componente de Física, pruebas Saber Pro 2017 ..58 Performance on the Specific Scientific Thinking Test: Physics Component, Saber Pro 2017 Tests Katherine Serrano León, Alberto Montalvo Castro, Julio César León, Jairo Coral Campaña, José Martínez Saavedra Variaciones de aprendizaje en línea: una experiencia integradora de arte y geometría .. 69 Variations of Online Learning: An Integrating Experience of Art and Geometry Catalina del Pilar Murcia Flórez Influencia de las comunidades de práctica en el aprendizaje social de aula.. 80 Influence of the Practice Communities in the Classroom Social Learning Process Elvia Ramos-Delgado, Emilbus A. Uribe, Gabriel Fernando Acevedo-Amaya Evaluación por competencias en física mecánica ..92 Competency-based Evaluation in Mechanical Physics Alejandro Ferrero Botero, Carlos Andrés Flórez Características de la enseñanza del concepto de razón de cambio en las áreas de Física y Cálculo de la Universidad de La Salle y la Universidad Católica de Colombia ..103 Characteristics of the Teaching of the Concept of Rate of Change in the Areas of Physics and Calculus at the Universidad de La Salle and the Universidad Católica de Colombia Francisco Niño Rojas, Wilson Pico Sánchez, Marco Aurelio Barrero Cubillos Elementos identitarios de las prácticas de los docentes universitarios de ciencias básicas: diseño y validación de un instrumento sobre identidad docente ..125 Identity Elements of the Practices of University Teachers of Basic Sciences: Design and Validation of an Instrument on Teaching Identity Fredy Ramón Garay-Garay, Susana Mejía Vélez Estudio DFT y QTAIM de moléculas orgánicas (PAZ, CHR, TCNQ, PTZ, PMA y BINA) con posible aplicación en electrónica molecular .. 136 A DFT and QTAIM Study of Organic Molecules (PAZ, CHR, TCNQ, PTZ, PMA and BINA) with Possible Application in Molecular Electronic Emilbus A. Uribe, Gabriel Fernando Acevedo-Amay

Effect of allopurinol in addition to hypothermia treatment in neonates for hypoxic-ischemic brain injury on neurocognitive outcome (ALBINO): study protocol of a blinded randomized placebo-controlled parallel group multicenter trial for superiority (phase III)

BACKGROUND: Perinatal asphyxia and resulting hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is a major cause of death and long-term disability in term born neonates. Up to 20,000 infants each year are affected by HIE in Europe and even more in regions with lower level of perinatal care. The only established therapy to improve outcome in these infants is therapeutic hypothermia. Allopurinol is a xanthine oxidase inhibitor that reduces the production of oxygen radicals as superoxide, which contributes to secondary energy failure and apoptosis in neurons and glial cells after reperfusion of hypoxic brain tissue and may further improve outcome if administered in addition to therapeutic hypothermia. METHODS: This study on the effects of ALlopurinol in addition to hypothermia treatment for hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury on Neurocognitive Outcome (ALBINO), is a European double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled parallel group multicenter trial (Phase III) to evaluate the effect of postnatal allopurinol administered in addition to standard of care (including therapeutic hypothermia if indicated) on the incidence of death and severe neurodevelopmental impairment at 24 months of age in newborns with perinatal hypoxic-ischemic insult and signs of potentially evolving encephalopathy. Allopurinol or placebo will be given in addition to therapeutic hypothermia (where indicated) to infants with a gestational age ≥ 36 weeks and a birth weight ≥ 2500 g, with severe perinatal asphyxia and potentially evolving encephalopathy. The primary endpoint of this study will be death or severe neurodevelopmental impairment versus survival without severe neurodevelopmental impairment at the age of two years. Effects on brain injury by magnetic resonance imaging and cerebral ultrasound, electric brain activity, concentrations of peroxidation products and S100B, will also be studied along with effects on heart function and pharmacokinetics of allopurinol after iv-infusion. DISCUSSION: This trial will provide data to assess the efficacy and safety of early postnatal allopurinol in term infants with evolving hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy. If proven efficacious and safe, allopurinol could become part of a neuroprotective pharmacological treatment strategy in addition to therapeutic hypothermia in children with perinatal asphyxia. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT03162653, www.ClinicalTrials.gov , May 22, 2017.status: publishe

Dietary patterns and their relationship with the perceptions of healthy eating in European adolescents : the HELENA study

Objective: The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns (DPs) in European adolescents and to examine the association between perceptions of healthy eating and the obtained DPs. Method: A multinational cross-sectional study was carried out in adolescents aged 12.5 to 17.5?years and 2,027 (44.9% males) were considered for analysis. A self-reported questionnaire with information on food choices and preferences, including perceptions of healthy eating, and two 24-hour dietary recalls were used. Principal component analysis was used to obtain sex-specific DPs, and linear analyses of covariance were used to compare DPs according to perceptions of healthy eating. Results: Three and four DPs for boys and girls were obtained. In boys and girls, there were significant associations between some perceptions about healthy food and the Breakfast-DP (p?<?0.05). In boys, Breakfast-DP and Healthy Beverage-DP were associated with the perception of the own diet as healthy (p?<?0.05). Healthy Beverage-DP was associated with those disliking fruits and vegetables (p?<?0.05). Girls considering the own diet as healthy were associated with Mediterranean-DP, Breakfast-DP, and Unhealthy Beverage and Meat-DP (p?<?0.05). The perception of snacking as a necessary part of a healthy diet was associated with Breakfast-DP in both genders (p?<?0.05). Conclusions: In European adolescents, perceptions of healthy eating were mainly associated with a DP characterized by foods consumed at breakfast. Future studies should further explore these findings in order to implement health promotion programs to improve healthy eating habits in adolescents

Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke Amid the COVID-19 Outbreak

International audienceBackground and Purpose: The efficiency of prehospital care chain response and the adequacy of hospital resources are challenged amid the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, with suspected consequences for patients with ischemic stroke eligible for mechanical thrombectomy (MT). Methods: We conducted a prospective national-level data collection of patients treated with MT, ranging 45 days across epidemic containment measures instatement, and of patients treated during the same calendar period in 2019. The primary end point was the variation of patients receiving MT during the epidemic period. Secondary end points included care delays between onset, imaging, and groin puncture. To analyze the primary end point, we used a Poisson regression model. We then analyzed the correlation between the number of MTs and the number of COVID-19 cases hospitalizations, using the Pearson correlation coefficient (compared with the null value). Results: A total of 1513 patients were included at 32 centers, in all French administrative regions. There was a 21% significant decrease (0.79; [95%CI, 0.76–0.82]; P <0.001) in MT case volumes during the epidemic period, and a significant increase in delays between imaging and groin puncture, overall (mean 144.9±SD 86.8 minutes versus 126.2±70.9; P <0.001 in 2019) and in transferred patients (mean 182.6±SD 82.0 minutes versus 153.25±67; P <0.001). After the instatement of strict epidemic mitigation measures, there was a significant negative correlation between the number of hospitalizations for COVID and the number of MT cases ( R 2 −0.51; P =0.04). Patients treated during the COVID outbreak were less likely to receive intravenous thrombolysis and to have unwitnessed strokes (both P <0.05). Conclusions: Our study showed a significant decrease in patients treated with MTs during the first stages of the COVID epidemic in France and alarming indicators of lengthened care delays. These findings prompt immediate consideration of local and regional stroke networks preparedness in the varying contexts of COVID-19 pandemic evolution

Search for CPCP violation in D0^0→\to KS0^0_\mathrm{S}KS0^0_\mathrm{S} decays in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

International audienceA search is reported for charge-parity D$^0$$\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$$CP$ violation in D$^0$$\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$ decays, using data collected in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV recorded by the CMS experiment in 2018. The analysis uses a dedicated data set that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 41.6 fb$^{-1}$, which consists of about 10 billion events containing a pair of ẖadrons, nearly all of which decay to charm hadrons. The flavor of the neutral D meson is determined by the pion charge in the reconstructed decays D$^{*+}$$\to$ D$^0\pi^+$ and D$^{*-}$$\to$ D$^0\pi^-$. The D$^0$$\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$$CP$ asymmetry in D$^0$$\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$ is measured to be $A_{CP}$( K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$) = (6.2 $\pm$ 3.0 $\pm$ 0.2 $\pm$ 0.8)%, where the three uncertainties represent the statistical uncertainty, the systematic uncertainty, and the uncertainty in the measurement of the D$^0$ $\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$ $CP$ asymmetry in the D$^0$ $\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}\pi^+\pi^-$ decay. This is the first D$^0$ $\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$ $CP$ asymmetry measurement by CMS in the charm sector as well as the first to utilize a fully hadronic final state

Search for CP violation in D0→KS0KS0 \mathrm{D^0}\to\mathrm{K^0_S}\mathrm{K^0_S} decays in proton-proton collisions at s= \sqrt{s} = 13 TeV

A search is reported for charge-parity CP violation in $\mathrm{D^0}\to\mathrm{K^0_S}\mathrm{K^0_S}$ decays, using data collected in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV recorded by the CMS experiment in 2018. The analysis uses a dedicated data set that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 41.6 fb$^{-1}$, which consists of about 10 billion events containing a pair of b hadrons, nearly all of which decay to charm hadrons. The flavor of the neutral $\mathrm{D}$ meson is determined by the pion charge in the reconstructed decays $\mathrm{D}^{*+}\to\mathrm{D^0}\pi^{+}$ and $\mathrm{D}^{*-}\to\overline{\mathrm{D}}^{0}\pi^{-}$. The CP asymmetry in $\mathrm{D^0}\to\mathrm{K^0_S}\mathrm{K^0_S}$ is measured to be $A_{CP}(\mathrm{K^0_S}\mathrm{K^0_S}) =$ (6.2 $\pm$ 3.0 $\pm$ 0.2 $\pm$ 0.8)%, where the three uncertainties represent the statistical uncertainty, the systematic uncertainty, and the uncertainty in the measurement of the CP asymmetry in the $\mathrm{D^0}\to\mathrm{K^0_S}\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ decay. This is the first CP asymmetry measurement by CMS in the charm sector as well as the first to utilize a fully hadronic final state.A search is reported for charge-parity D$^0$$\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$$CP$ violation in D$^0$$\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$ decays, using data collected in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV recorded by the CMS experiment in 2018. The analysis uses a dedicated data set that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 41.6 fb$^{-1}$, which consists of about 10 billion events containing a pair of ẖadrons, nearly all of which decay to charm hadrons. The flavor of the neutral D meson is determined by the pion charge in the reconstructed decays D$^{*+}$$\to$ D$^0\pi^+$ and D$^{*-}$$\to$ D$^0\pi^-$. The D$^0$$\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$$CP$ asymmetry in D$^0$$\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$ is measured to be $A_{CP}$( K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$) = (6.2 $\pm$ 3.0 $\pm$ 0.2 $\pm$ 0.8)%, where the three uncertainties represent the statistical uncertainty, the systematic uncertainty, and the uncertainty in the measurement of the D$^0$ $\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$ $CP$ asymmetry in the D$^0$ $\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}\pi^+\pi^-$ decay. This is the first D$^0$ $\to$ K$^0_\mathrm{S}$K$^0_\mathrm{S}$ $CP$ asymmetry measurement by CMS in the charm sector as well as the first to utilize a fully hadronic final state

Measurement of inclusive and differential cross sections for W+^{+}W−^{-} production in proton-proton collisions at s= \sqrt{s} = 13.6 TeV

Measurements at $\sqrt{s}=$ 13.6 TeV of the opposite-sign W boson pair production cross section in proton-proton collisions are presented. The data used in this study were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2022, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 34.8 fb$^{-1}$. Events are selected by requiring one electron and one muon of opposite charge. A maximum likelihood fit is performed on signal- and background-enriched data categories defined by the flavour and charge of the leptons, the number of jets, and number of jets originating from b quarks. An inclusive W$^{+}$W$^{-}$ production cross section of 125.7 $\pm$ 5.6 pb is measured, in agreement with standard model predictions. Cross sections are also reported in a fiducial region close to that of the detector acceptance, both inclusively and differentially, as a function of the jet multiplicity in the event. For first time in proton-proton collisions, WW events with at least two reconstructed jets are studied and compared with recent theoretical predictions.Measurements at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13.6 TeV of the opposite-sign W boson pair production cross section in proton-proton collisions are presented. The data used in this study were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2022, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 34.8 fb$^{-1}$. Events are selected by requiring one electron and one muon of opposite charge. A maximum likelihood fit is performed on signal- and background-enriched data categories defined by the flavour and charge of the leptons, the number of jets, and number of jets originating from b quarks. An inclusive W$^+$W$^-$ production cross section of 125.7 $\pm$ 5.6 pb is measured, in agreement with standard model predictions. Cross sections are also reported in a fiducial region close to that of the detector acceptance, both inclusively and differentially, as a function of the jet multiplicity in the event. For first time in proton-proton collisions, WW events with at least two reconstructed jets are studied and compared with recent theoretical predictions