GESTÃO DA QUALIDADE APLICADA EM CANTEIROS DE OBRAS

The Civil Construction sector is of great importance to economic development, as it represents 6.2% of the Brazilian GDP 2020, according to CBIC (Brazilian Chamber of the Construction Industry) (2019) and is directly related to people's quality of life. In view of the inherent deficiency in the sector, construction companies increasingly aim to maintain the quality of the products offered, increase productivity, reduce costs and waste, avoiding work accidents and meeting their contractual commitments. The construction site is among the most important activities for the development of a building, as it contributes to the smooth progress of the work. The lack of management at the construction site is one of the main causes of low productivity, lack of security and waste of materials. Thus, management of the construction site is extremely important, as it allows logistics to be efficient, reduces unnecessary costs, in addition to meeting the activity schedules. That said, this work aims to present concepts and Applications of Quality Applied in Construction Sites, highlighting its benefits. The methodology used was the bibliographic review, based on books, articles, monographs, websites and documents relevant to the theme.El sector de la Construcción Civil es de gran importancia para el desarrollo económico, ya que representó el 6.2% del PIB de Brasil en 2020, según CBIC (Cámara Brasileña de la Industria de la Construcción) (2019) y está directamente relacionado con la calidad de vida de las personas. Dada la competitividad inherente al sector, las empresas constructoras buscan cada vez más mantener la calidad de los productos ofertados, incrementar la productividad, reducir costos y desperdicios, evitar accidentes laborales y cumplir con sus compromisos contractuales. La obra se encuentra entre las actividades más importantes para el desarrollo de un edificio, ya que contribuye al buen funcionamiento de la obra. La falta de gestión de la obra es una de las principales causas de la baja productividad, la falta de seguridad y el desperdicio de materiales. De esta manera, la gestión de la obra es de suma importancia, ya que permite que la logística sea eficiente, reduce costos innecesarios, además de permitir el cumplimiento de cronogramas de actividades. Dicho esto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar conceptos y Aplicaciones de la Calidad Aplicada en Obras de Construcción, destacando sus beneficios. La metodología utilizada fue una revisión bibliográfica, basada en libros, artículos, monografías, sitios web y documentos relevantes al tema.O setor da Construção Civil é de grande importância ao desenvolvimento econômico, pois representou 6,2% do PIB brasileiro 2020, segundo CBIC (Câmara Brasileira da Indústria da Construção) (2019) e está diretamente relacionado com a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Diante da competitividade inerente ao setor, cada vez mais, as empresas construtoras visam manter a qualidade dos produtos ofertados, aumentar a produtividade, reduzir custos e desperdícios, evitando acidentes de trabalho e ao atendimento dos seus compromissos contratuais. O canteiro de obras está entre as atividades mais importantes para o desenvolvimento de uma edificação, pois contribui para o bom andamento da obra. A ausência de gestão do canteiro de obras é uma das causas principais de baixa produtividade, falta de segurança e desperdício de materiais. Desta forma, a gestão do canteiro é de extrema importância, pois permite que a logística seja eficiente, reduz custos desnecessários, além de permitir o atendimento às programações das atividades. Isto posto, este trabalho objetiva apresentar conceitos e Aplicações da Qualidade Aplicada em Canteiros de Obras, destacando seus benefícios. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica, embasada em livros, artigos, monografias, sites e documentos relevantes ao tema. &nbsp

GESTÃO DA QUALIDADE APLICADA EM CANTEIROS DE OBRAS

The Civil Construction sector is of great importance to economic development, as it represents 6.2% of the Brazilian GDP 2020, according to CBIC (Brazilian Chamber of the Construction Industry) (2019) and is directly related to people's quality of life. In view of the inherent deficiency in the sector, construction companies increasingly aim to maintain the quality of the products offered, increase productivity, reduce costs and waste, avoiding work accidents and meeting their contractual commitments. The construction site is among the most important activities for the development of a building, as it contributes to the smooth progress of the work. The lack of management at the construction site is one of the main causes of low productivity, lack of security and waste of materials. Thus, management of the construction site is extremely important, as it allows logistics to be efficient, reduces unnecessary costs, in addition to meeting the activity schedules. That said, this work aims to present concepts and Applications of Quality Applied in Construction Sites, highlighting its benefits. The methodology used was the bibliographic review, based on books, articles, monographs, websites and documents relevant to the theme.El sector de la Construcción Civil es de gran importancia para el desarrollo económico, ya que representó el 6.2% del PIB de Brasil en 2020, según CBIC (Cámara Brasileña de la Industria de la Construcción) (2019) y está directamente relacionado con la calidad de vida de las personas. Dada la competitividad inherente al sector, las empresas constructoras buscan cada vez más mantener la calidad de los productos ofertados, incrementar la productividad, reducir costos y desperdicios, evitar accidentes laborales y cumplir con sus compromisos contractuales. La obra se encuentra entre las actividades más importantes para el desarrollo de un edificio, ya que contribuye al buen funcionamiento de la obra. La falta de gestión de la obra es una de las principales causas de la baja productividad, la falta de seguridad y el desperdicio de materiales. De esta manera, la gestión de la obra es de suma importancia, ya que permite que la logística sea eficiente, reduce costos innecesarios, además de permitir el cumplimiento de cronogramas de actividades. Dicho esto, este trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar conceptos y Aplicaciones de la Calidad Aplicada en Obras de Construcción, destacando sus beneficios. La metodología utilizada fue una revisión bibliográfica, basada en libros, artículos, monografías, sitios web y documentos relevantes al tema.O setor da Construção Civil é de grande importância ao desenvolvimento econômico, pois representou 6,2% do PIB brasileiro 2020, segundo CBIC (Câmara Brasileira da Indústria da Construção) (2019) e está diretamente relacionado com a qualidade de vida das pessoas. Diante da competitividade inerente ao setor, cada vez mais, as empresas construtoras visam manter a qualidade dos produtos ofertados, aumentar a produtividade, reduzir custos e desperdícios, evitando acidentes de trabalho e ao atendimento dos seus compromissos contratuais. O canteiro de obras está entre as atividades mais importantes para o desenvolvimento de uma edificação, pois contribui para o bom andamento da obra. A ausência de gestão do canteiro de obras é uma das causas principais de baixa produtividade, falta de segurança e desperdício de materiais. Desta forma, a gestão do canteiro é de extrema importância, pois permite que a logística seja eficiente, reduz custos desnecessários, além de permitir o atendimento às programações das atividades. Isto posto, este trabalho objetiva apresentar conceitos e Aplicações da Qualidade Aplicada em Canteiros de Obras, destacando seus benefícios. A metodologia utilizada foi a revisão bibliográfica, embasada em livros, artigos, monografias, sites e documentos relevantes ao tema. &nbsp

Einfluss der Fellbach-Wasserfälle auf das Fliessverhalten von Murgängen und auf mögliche Schutzmassnahmen

Aufsatz veröffentlicht in: "Wasserbau-Symposium 2021: Wasserbau in Zeiten von Energiewende, Gewässerschutz und Klimawandel, Zurich, Switzerland, September 15-17, 2021, Band 1" veröffentlicht unter: https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-00049975

TGF-β inhibitor Smad7 regulates dendritic cell-induced autoimmunity

TGF-β is an anti-inflammatory cytokine whose signaling is negatively controlled by Smad7. Previously, we established a role for Smad7 in the generation of autoreactive T cells; however, the function of Smad7 in dendritic cells (DCs) remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that DC-specific Smad7 deficiency resulted in elevated expression of the transcription factors Batf3 and IRF8, leading to increased frequencies of CD8(+)CD103(+) DCs in the spleen. Furthermore, Smad7-deficient DCs expressed higher levels of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), an enzyme associated with tolerance induction. Mice devoid of Smad7 specifically in DCs are resistant to the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as a result of an increase of protective regulatory T cells (Tregs) and reduction of encephalitogenic effector T cells in the central nervous system. In agreement, inhibition of IDO activity or depletion of Tregs restored disease susceptibility. Intriguingly, when Smad7-deficient DCs also lacked the IFN-γ receptor, the mice regained susceptibility to EAE, demonstrating that IFN-γ signaling in DCs mediates their tolerogenic function. Our data indicate that Smad7 expression governs splenic DC subset differentiation and is critical for the promotion of their efficient function in immunity

Die deutsche Wasserstoffpolitik und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Wasserstoffwirtschaft und alternative Transformationspfade

DIE DEUTSCHE WASSERSTOFFPOLITIK UND IHRE AUSWIRKUNGEN AUF DIE WASSERSTOFFWIRTSCHAFT UND ALTERNATIVE TRANSFORMATIONSPFADE Die deutsche Wasserstoffpolitik und ihre Auswirkungen auf die Wasserstoffwirtschaft und alternative Transformationspfade / Kern, Florian (Rights reserved) ( -

Thrombocytopenia and platelet transfusions in ICU patients: an international inception cohort study (PLOT-ICU)

Purpose Thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 150 × 109/L) is common in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and is likely associated with worse outcomes. In this study we present international contemporary data on thrombocytopenia in ICU patients. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study in adult ICU patients in 52 ICUs across 10 countries. We assessed frequencies of thrombocytopenia, use of platelet transfusions and clinical outcomes including mortality. We evaluated pre-selected potential risk factors for the development of thrombocytopenia during ICU stay and associations between thrombocytopenia at ICU admission and 90-day mortality using pre-specified logistic regression analyses. Results We analysed 1166 ICU patients; the median age was 63 years and 39.5% were female. Overall, 43.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) 40.4–46.1) had thrombocytopenia; 23.4% (20–26) had thrombocytopenia at ICU admission, and 19.8% (17.6–22.2) developed thrombocytopenia during their ICU stay. Non-AIDS-, non-cancer-related immune deficiency, liver failure, male sex, septic shock, and bleeding at ICU admission were associated with the development of thrombocytopenia during ICU stay. Among patients with thrombocytopenia, 22.6% received platelet transfusion(s), and 64.3% of in-ICU transfusions were prophylactic. Patients with thrombocytopenia had higher occurrences of bleeding and death, fewer days alive without the use of life-support, and fewer days alive and out of hospital. Thrombocytopenia at ICU admission was associated with 90-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio 1.7; 95% CI 1.19–2.42). Conclusion Thrombocytopenia occurred in 43% of critically ill patients and was associated with worse outcomes including increased mortality. Platelet transfusions were given to 23% of patients with thrombocytopenia and most were prophylactic.publishedVersio

Global prevalence and genotype distribution of hepatitis C virus infection in 2015 : A modelling study

Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Elsevier LtdBackground The 69th World Health Assembly approved the Global Health Sector Strategy to eliminate hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection by 2030, which can become a reality with the recent launch of direct acting antiviral therapies. Reliable disease burden estimates are required for national strategies. This analysis estimates the global prevalence of viraemic HCV at the end of 2015, an update of—and expansion on—the 2014 analysis, which reported 80 million (95% CI 64–103) viraemic infections in 2013. Methods We developed country-level disease burden models following a systematic review of HCV prevalence (number of studies, n=6754) and genotype (n=11 342) studies published after 2013. A Delphi process was used to gain country expert consensus and validate inputs. Published estimates alone were used for countries where expert panel meetings could not be scheduled. Global prevalence was estimated using regional averages for countries without data. Findings Models were built for 100 countries, 59 of which were approved by country experts, with the remaining 41 estimated using published data alone. The remaining countries had insufficient data to create a model. The global prevalence of viraemic HCV is estimated to be 1·0% (95% uncertainty interval 0·8–1·1) in 2015, corresponding to 71·1 million (62·5–79·4) viraemic infections. Genotypes 1 and 3 were the most common cause of infections (44% and 25%, respectively). Interpretation The global estimate of viraemic infections is lower than previous estimates, largely due to more recent (lower) prevalence estimates in Africa. Additionally, increased mortality due to liver-related causes and an ageing population may have contributed to a reduction in infections. Funding John C Martin Foundation.publishersversionPeer reviewe