Histórico da representação das favelas cariocas em mapas

Maps, as well as law, are regulated distortions of social territories (Santos, 2001). By analysing Rio de Janeiro’s local maps (notarial records, aerial photographs, urban projects, decrees, tourists maps, participatory maps, digital maps etc.) from 1928 to the current year, especially those of the Cantagalo slum – Pavão hill – area, located between Copacabana and Ipanema’s neighbourhoods –, and crossing their information with the history of the struggle for permanence and rights gradually acquired by residents (from 1907 until now), one can clearly see the gradual change of some Rio de Janeiro’s slums from opaque spaces to bright ones (Santos, 2009). Based on the maps’ analysis, it’s possible to question whether the brightness of some slums happens at the expense of the opacity of others, for the slums without UPP [Police Peacekeeping Unit] end up being removed from the state’s mapping route and the major mapping companies, like Google.Keywords: mapping, law, slum, representation, participation.Os mapas, assim como o direito, são distorções reguladas de territórios sociais (Santos, 2001). No presente artigo, foram analisados os mapas cariocas (cadastrais, aerofotografias, projetos urbanísticos, decretos, mapas turísticos, mapas participativos, mapas digitais, etc.) de 1928 até o ano vigente, especialmente os da região onde se encontra a favela Cantagalo – morro do Pavão, situado entre os bairros Copacabana e Ipanema –, e cruzadas as informações neles contidas com o histórico de luta pela permanência e os paulatinos direitos adquiridos pelos moradores (1907 até o ano vigente). Assim, revela-se visualmente a gradual conversão de uma parcela das favelas do Rio de Janeiro de espaços opacos em espaços luminosos (Santos, 2009). Com base na análise dos mapas, é possível indagar: será que a luminosidade de algumas favelas acontece em detrimento da opacidade de outras? Pois as favelas que não possuem UPP acabam saindo da rota de mapeamento do Estado e das principais empresas de mapeamento, como é o caso da Google.Palavras-chave: mapeamento, direito, favela, representação, participação

Comparação da eficácia antimicrobiana na higienização das mãos: óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia versus

OBJETIVOS: este estudio objetivó evaluar la eficacia de la higienización de las manos realizada con dos fórmulas diferentes de jabones: aceite esencial de Melaleuca alternifolia al 0,3% versus triclosan al 0,5%, y compararlas con dos higienizaciones de referencia: procedimiento de la metodología oficial (soft soap) versus procedimiento de la versión draft (soft soap + propan-2-ol). MÉTODO: utilizando la metodología europea EN 1499, fueron determinados factores de reducción logarítmica del número de unidades formadoras de colonia de Escherichia coli K12 antes y después de la higiene de las manos de 15 sujetos voluntarios y comparados por el test de Wilcoxon de una sola cola. RESULTADOS: Tomando como referencia el soft soap, no hubo diferencia entre el desempeño del jabón con Melaleuca alternifolia al 0,3% o jabón conteniendo triclosan al 0,5%. El soft soap + propan-2-ol se demostró más eficaz en relación a los demás procedimientos de higienización de las manos. CONCLUSIÓN: estudios que verifiquen la eficacia terapéutica de aceite esencial en la higienización de las manos pueden mejorar la adhesión a esa práctica.OBJETIVOS: os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a eficácia da higienização das mãos, realizada com duas formulações diferentes de sabonetes: óleo essencial de Melaleuca alternifolia a 0,3% versus triclosan a 0,5%, e compará-las com duas higienizações de referência: procedimento da metodologia oficial (soft soap) versus procedimento da versão draft (soft soap+propan-2-ol). MÉTODO: utilizando-se a metodologia europeia EN 1499, foram determinados fatores de redução logarítmica do número de unidades formadoras de colônia de Escherichia coli K12, antes e após a higiene das mãos, de 15 sujeitos voluntários e comparados pelo teste de Wilcoxon unicaudal. RESULTADOS: tomando como referência o soft soap, não houve diferença entre o desempenho do sabonete com M. alternifolia a 0,3% ou sabonete contendo triclosan a 0,5%. O soft soap+propan-2-ol demonstrou ser mais eficaz em relação aos demais procedimentos de higienização das mãos. CONCLUSÃO: estudos que verifiquem a eficácia terapêutica de óleo essencial na higienização das mãos podem melhorar a adesão a essa prática.OBJECTIVE: this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of hand hygiene performed with two different soap formulations: 0.3% Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil versus 0.5% triclosan, and to compare them with two reference hygiene procedures: the official methodology procedure (soft soap) versus the draft version of the procedure (soft soap + propan-2-ol). METHOD: using the European EN 1499 method, logarithmic reduction factors were determined for the number of colony forming units of Escherichia coli K12 before and after hand hygiene of 15 volunteer subjects, and compared using the one-tailed Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: referring to the soft soap, there was no difference between the performance of soap with 0.3% M. alternifolia and soap containing 0.5% triclosan. The soft soap + propan-2-ol proved to be more effective than the other hand hygiene procedures. CONCLUSION: studies to verify the therapeutic efficacy of essential oil in hand hygiene can improve adherence to this practice

Relationship among physical activity level, mood and anxiety states and Quality of Life in Physical Education students.

Background: Physical activity level (PAL) is known to play an important role in reducing risk factors associated with sedentarism, in addition to improving the mental health and health-related quality of life (HRQL). Objective: Investigate the relationship of PAL and their domains with HRQL, mood state (MS) and anxiety. Method: 140 Physical Education students (23.6 ± 3.7 years) were evaluated. The Baecke Habitual Physical Activity and Quality of Life (QOL-36) questionnaires, State-Trait Anxiety Inventories (STAI-S and STAI-T) and Profile of Mood States (POMS) scale were used to investigate PAL, HRQL and mental health indicators. Pearson’s correlation coefficient examined the association between PAL and both mental health and HRQL parameters. Results: There was a correlation between state anxiety and both the domain leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) (p = 0.013) and total PAL score (p = 0.010). In relation to MS, a negative correlation was found between LTPA and total mood disorder (TMD) (p = 0.004). However, there were positive correlations between the vigor subscale and both LTPA (p=0.001) and total PAL (p=0.019). With respect to HRQL, analysis of the relationship between LTPA and total PAL demonstrated positive coefficients with the physical component summary (PCS) (p=0.000; p = 0.005), mental component summary (MCS) (p = 0.000; p = 0.006) and total HRQL (p = 0.000; p = 0.003). Conclusion: The findings suggest that the rise in LTPA was related to an increase in HRQL and MS. However, PAL was positively related to anxiety

MicroRNA and protein profiles in invasive versus non-invasive oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro

Complex molecular pathways regulate cancer invasion. This study overviewed proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) invasion. The human highly aggressive OTSCC cell line HSC-3 was examined in a 3D organotypic human leiomyoma model. Non-invasive and invasive cells were laser-captured and protein expression was analyzed using mass spectrometry-based proteomics and miRNA expression by microarray. In functional studies the 3D invasion assay was replicated after silencing candidate miRNAs, miR-498 and miR-940, in invasive OTSCC cell lines (HSC-3 and SCC-15). Cell migration, proliferation and viability were also studied in the silenced cells. In HSC-3 cells, 67 proteins and 53 miRNAs showed significant fold-changes between non-invasive vs. invasive cells. Pathway enrichment analyses allocated "Focal adhesion" and "ECM-receptor interaction" as most important for invasion. Significantly, in HSC-3 cells, miR-498 silencing decreased the invasion area and miR-940 silencing reduced invasion area and depth. Viability, proliferation and migration weren't significantly affected. In SCC-15 cells, down-regulation of miR-498 significantly reduced invasion and migration. This study shows HSC-3 specific miRNA and protein expression in invasion, and suggests that miR-498 and miR-940 affect invasion in vitro, the process being more influenced by mir-940 silencing in aggressive HSC-3 cells than in the less invasive SCC-15.Peer reviewe

Insights into immune responses in oral cancer through proteomic analysis of saliva and salivary extracellular vesicles

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOThe development and progression of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) involves complex cellular mechanisms that contribute to the low five-year survival rate of approximately 20% among diagnosed patients. However, the biological processes essential to tumor progression are not completely understood. Therefore, detecting alterations in the salivary proteome may assist in elucidating the cellular mechanisms modulated in OSCC and improve the clinical prognosis of the disease. The proteome of whole saliva and salivary extracellular vesicles (EVs) from patients with OSCC and healthy individuals were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and label-free protein quantification. Proteome data analysis was performed using statistical, machine learning and feature selection methods with additional functional annotation. Biological processes related to immune responses, peptidase inhibitor activity, iron coordination and protease binding were overrepresented in the group of differentially expressed proteins. Proteins related to the inflammatory system, transport of metals and cellular growth and proliferation were identified in the proteome of salivary EVs. The proteomics data were robust and could classify OSCC with 90% accuracy. The saliva proteome analysis revealed that immune processes are related to the presence of OSCC and indicate that proteomics data can contribute to determining OSCC prognosis.The development and progression of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) involves complex cellular mechanisms that contribute to the low five-year survival rate of approximately 20% among diagnosed patients. However, the biological processes essential to tumor progression are not completely understood. Therefore, detecting alterations in the salivary proteome may assist in elucidating the cellular mechanisms modulated in OSCC and improve the clinical prognosis of the disease. The proteome of whole saliva and salivary extracellular vesicles (EVs) from patients with OSCC and healthy individuals were analyzed by LC-MS/MS and label-free protein quantification. Proteome data analysis was performed using statistical, machine learning and feature selection methods with additional functional annotation. Biological processes related to immune responses, peptidase inhibitor activity, iron coordination and protease binding were overrepresented in the group of differentially expressed proteins. Proteins related to the inflammatory system, transport of metals and cellular growth and proliferation were identified in the proteome of salivary EVs. The proteomics data were robust and could classify OSCC with 90% accuracy. The saliva proteome analysis revealed that immune processes are related to the presence of OSCC and indicate that proteomics data can contribute to determining OSCC prognosis5FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO2009/54067-3; 2010/19278-0470549/2011-4; 301702/2011-0; 470268/2013-1

Temas de destaque na pesquisa em transformação digital: Evidências de estudo bibliométrico e análise de conteúdo

A transformação digital (TD) desponta na discussão sobre tendências em diversas indústrias, principalmente na criação de valor por meio da inovação de produtos, serviços e na forma de negociá-los. A TD apresenta novos desafios às organizações e, para identificar os principais, esta pesquisa visa responder: Qual é a estrutura da literatura sobre TD e quais temas ganharam destaque nos últimos cinco anos? A pesquisa foi conduzida por meio de revisão sistemática da literatura com: estudo bibliométrico e análise do conteúdo. O estudo bibliométrico destacou as seguintes discussões: renovação estratégica em meio à TD; implementação de tecnologias na Indústria 4.0; digitalização para habilitar ofertas de servitização; TD como impulsionador de  inovação nos modelos de negócios; gestão da inovação digital; e TD alterando a experiência dos consumidores. As análises podem ser úteis para apontar caminhos para novas pesquisas e para ressaltar questões importantes para tomadores de decisões em empresas que desejam usufruir dos benefícios da TD

Effects of exercise on physical and mental health, and cognitive and brain functions in schizophrenia: clinical and experimental evidence

Exercise promotes several health benefits, such as cardiovascular, musculoskeletal and cardiorespiratory improvements. It is believed that the practice of exercise in individuals with psychiatric disorders, e.g. schizophrenia, can cause significant changes. Schizophrenic patients have problematic lifestyle habits compared with general population; this may cause a high mortality rate, mainly caused by cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate changes in physical and mental health, cognitive and brain functioning due to the practice of exercise in patients with schizophrenia. Although still little is known about the benefits of exercise on mental health, cognitive and brain functioning of schizophrenic patients, exercise training has been shown to be a beneficial intervention in the control and reduction of disease severity. Type of training, form of execution, duration and intensity need to be better studied as the effects on physical and mental health, cognition and brain activity depend exclusively of interconnected factors, such as the combination of exercise and medication. However, one should understand that exercise is not only an effective nondrug alternative, but also acts as a supporting linking up interventions to promote improvements in process performance optimization. In general, the positive effects on mental health, cognition and brain activity as a result of an exercise program are quite evident. Few studies have been published correlating effects of exercise in patients with schizophrenia, but there is increasing evidence that positive and negative symptoms can be improved. Therefore, it is important that further studies be undertaken to expand the knowledge of physical exercise on mental health in people with schizophrenia, as well as its dose-response and the most effective type of exercise

Integrative analysis to select cancer candidate biomarkers to targeted validation

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOTargeted proteomics has flourished as the method of choice for prospecting for and validating potential candidate biomarkers in many diseases. However, challenges still remain due to the lack of standardized routines that can prioritize a limited number of proteins to be further validated in human samples. To help researchers identify candidate biomarkers that best characterize their samples under study, a well-designed integrative analysis pipeline, comprising MS-based discovery, feature selection methods, clustering techniques, bioinformatic analyses and targeted approaches was performed using discovery-based proteomic data from the secretomes of three classes of human cell lines (carcinoma, melanoma and non-cancerous). Three feature selection algorithms, namely, Beta-binomial, Nearest Shrunken Centroids (NSC), and Support Vector Machine-Recursive Features Elimination (SVM-RFE), indicated a panel of 137 candidate biomarkers for carcinoma and 271 for melanoma, which were differentially abundant between the tumor classes. We further tested the strength of the pipeline in selecting candidate biomarkers by immunoblotting, human tissue microarrays, label-free targeted MS and functional experiments. In conclusion, the proposed integrative analysis was able to pre-qualify and prioritize candidate biomarkers from discovery-based proteomics to targeted MS.Targeted proteomics has flourished as the method of choice for prospecting for and validating potential candidate biomarkers in many diseases. However, challenges still remain due to the lack of standardized routines that can prioritize a limited number of proteins to be further validated in human samples. To help researchers identify candidate biomarkers that best characterize their samples under study, a well-designed integrative analysis pipeline, comprising MS-based discovery, feature selection methods, clustering techniques, bioinformatic analyses and targeted approaches was performed using discovery-based proteomic data from the secretomes of three classes of human cell lines (carcinoma, melanoma and non-cancerous). Three feature selection algorithms, namely, Beta-binomial, Nearest Shrunken Centroids (NSC), and Support Vector Machine-Recursive Features Elimination (SVM-RFE), indicated a panel of 137 candidate biomarkers for carcinoma and 271 for melanoma, which were differentially abundant between the tumor classes. We further tested the strength of the pipeline in selecting candidate biomarkers by immunoblotting, human tissue microarrays, label-free targeted MS and functional experiments. In conclusion, the proposed integrative analysis was able to pre-qualify and prioritize candidate biomarkers from discovery-based proteomics to targeted MS6414363543652FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO2009/54067-3; 2010/19278-0; 2011/22421-2; 2009/53839-2470567/2009-0; 470549/2011-4; 301702/2011-0; 470268/2013-

Presense of antibiotic residues in differents types of comercial milk is São Paulo city

O setor de produtos lácteos transforma-se constantemente, uma vez que exigências feitas tanto pelo consumidor como por órgãos fiscalizadores, requerem produtos inócuos e com elevado padrão de qualidade, provocando mudanças significativas em toda a cadeia produtiva. Para tanto, medicamentos veterinários, em especial os antimicrobianos, têm sido amplamente utilizados na pecuária, quer para tratamento e prevenção de doenças, quer para incremento da produção. No entanto, quando utilizados em desrespeito às boas práticas, colocam em risco tanto a saúde animal como a humana, predispondo a população a eventuais reações alérgicas e expressão de resistência microbiana. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo pesquisar a presença de resíduos de antimicrobianos de uso veterinário em amostras de diferentes tipos de leite comercializados na cidade de São Paulo, verificando se a freqüência de ocorrência observada para essa contaminação correspondia à estimada de 1%. Foram analisadas, através do Delvotest® SP, 1.500 amostras de leite, durante os meses de abril de 2003 a março de 2004 e obteve-se dez amostras positivas, o que significa uma freqüência de ocorrência de antimicrobiano no leite de 0,66%, com intervalo de confiança entre 0,32 a 1,22%, valor este, menor que o estimadoThe dairy industry have been transformed day by day, because the consumer and the competent inspection groups that have been demanded good products without contamination and them have to be a increasing quality, so, this facts provokes significants chances in all dairy segment. About that, the antimicrobians had to been used in large scala in animals to terapy and to increase the weight quickly, so is necessary to be careful to use those products because theirs residues may be cause irritatation or allerrgy and bacteria resistense. The presense of the antimicrobian in the milk is a very important theme since the pecuary untill the public health, because that, this assignment (work) had like objetive research the presense of residues of veterinary antimicrobian in milk sample salled in the Sao Paulo city and check if the observaded frequence is similar to the stimated frequence like 1%. The results was ten positives samples of the 1.500, that means occurence of frequency 0,66% with break between 0,32 to 1,22%, this result was smaller than hope fo