798 research outputs found
Knotted or knotless double-row rotator cuff repair retear rates: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Background: Arthroscopic rotator cuff tear repair techniques used to rely on knot-tying double row techniques, but the advent of knotless transosseous equivalent procedures introduced a new variable to the debate. The purpose of this study is to determine which technique is associated with lower retear rates. For its' biomechanical advantages, the authors' hypothesis is that knotless techniques would have lower retear rates.
Methods: A systematic literature search was performed via PubMed and Google Scholar by two independent reviewers following PRISMA guidelines. Papers reporting retear rates after rotator cuff arthroscopic repair using knotted double-row or knotless transosseous equivalent techniques, evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging at least 6 months after surgery, were retrieved. Studies that do not differentiate between techniques and nonclinical reports were excluded. Eligible data was analyzed with Review Manager 5.4.1 using Mantel-Haenszel statistics with a fixed effect model.
Results: The authors' initial literature search retrieved 511 reports. After the selection process, 24 articles were available for this review, and 9 were eligible for meta-analysis. A comparison of 1888 subjects from noncomparative reports and a meta-analysis of reports in which both techniques were studied could not show a statistically significant difference in technique retear rates.
Discussion and conclusion: The current report revealed no significant difference in retear rates between the two arthroscopic repair techniques. Studies' quality was a limitation. Only two reported level 1 evidence. This review could not control variables such as cuff tear size, tissue quality, or individual comorbidities. Larger and longer follow-up studies could be helpful to further investigate this topic.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
IDENTIFICATION OF CANINE VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS IN A PREVIOUSLY UNAFFECTED AREA BY CONVENTIONAL DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES AND CELL-BLOCK FIXATION
After the report of a second case of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in São Bento da Lagoa, Itaipuaçu, in the municipality of Maricå, Rio de Janeiro State, an epidemiological survey was carried out, through active search, totaling 145 dogs. Indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and rapid chromatographic immunoassay based on dual-path platform (DPP(r)) were used to perform the serological examinations. The parasitological diagnosis of cutaneous fragments was performed by parasitological culture, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry. In the serological assessment, 21 dogs were seropositive by IFA, 17 by ELISA, and 11 by DPP(r), with sensitivity of 66.7%, 66.7% and 50%, and specificity of 87.2%, 90.2% and 94%, respectively for each technique. The immunohistochemistry of bone marrow using the cell-block technique presented the best results, with six positive dogs found, three of which tested negative by the other parasitological techniques. Leishmania sp. was isolated by parasitological culture in three dogs. The detection of autochthonous Leishmania infantum in Itaipuaçu, and the high prevalence of seropositive dogs confirm the circulation of this parasite in the study area and alert for the risk of expansion in the State of Rio de Janeiro
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Adapting the Nominal Group Technique to a virtual version: an experience report
Objective: To report on the adaptations made to the original Nominal Group Technique (NGT), allowing it to be applied to the virtual format, preserving all its key elements. Method: An experience report on the adaptations and adjustments made to the original NGT to the virtual format using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), using digital tools that are available free of charge or are low cost and easy to use. Results: The NGT was carried out entirely virtually and underwent adaptations in each of its four stages through the incorporation of specific digital resources. It was possible to present the most voted ideas and obtain final approval from the participants. The participants had no difficulty in using the virtual resources provided and, based on the reaction evaluation, they were satisfied with the tools provided. Conclusion: The adapted NGT proved to be an effective method when used in a virtual setting, capable of producing a significant number of ideas and developing consensus. The adapted tool can be used by other researchers in countries with similar resources or dimensions to Brazil.RESUMEN.
Objetivo:
Informar sobre las adaptaciones realizadas a la TĂŠcnica de Grupo Nominal (TGN) original, permitiendo su aplicaciĂłn al formato virtual, preservando todos sus elementos clave.
MĂŠtodo:
Se trata de un informe de experiencia sobre las adaptaciones y ajustes realizados a la TGN original para el formato virtual mediante el uso de las TecnologĂas de la InformaciĂłn y la ComunicaciĂłn (TIC), utilizando herramientas digitales disponibles de forma gratuita o de bajo coste y fĂĄcil uso.
Resultados:
El TGN se realizĂł Ăntegramente de manera virtual y sufriĂł adaptaciones en cada una de sus cuatro etapas mediante la incorporaciĂłn de recursos digitales especĂficos. Fue posible presentar las ideas mĂĄs votadas y obtener la aprobaciĂłn final de los participantes. Los participantes no tuvieron dificultades para utilizar los recursos virtuales proporcionados y, segĂşn los comentarios recibidos, se mostraron satisfechos con las herramientas facilitadas.
ConclusiĂłn:
El TGN adaptado demostrĂł ser un mĂŠtodo eficaz cuando se utiliza en un entorno virtual, capaz de producir un nĂşmero significativo de ideas y desarrollar el consenso. La herramienta adaptada puede ser utilizada por otros investigadores en paĂses con recursos o dimensiones similares a las de Brasil.RESUMO.
Objetivo:
Relatar as adaptaçþes realizadas na TÊcnica de Grupo Nominal (TGN) original, permitindo sua aplicação ao formato virtual, preservando todos os seus elementos-chave.
MĂŠtodo:
Relato de experiência sobre as adaptaçþes e adequaçþes realizadas na TGN original ao formato virtual aplicando as Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC), por meio de ferramentas digitais disponibilizadas gratuitamente ou de baixo custo e de fåcil manejo.
Resultados:
A TGN foi realizada integralmente de forma virtual e sofreu adaptaçþes em cada uma das suas quatro etapas atravĂŠs da incorporação de recursos digitais especĂficos. Foi possĂvel apresentar as ideias mais votadas e obter a aprovação final dos participantes. Os participantes nĂŁo apresentaram dificuldade para utilizar os recursos virtuais disponibilizados, e, partir da avaliação de reação, mostram-se satisfeitos com as ferramentas disponibilizadas.
ConclusĂŁo:
A TGN adaptada mostrou-se um mĂŠtodo efetivo quando utilizada em cenĂĄrio virtual, sendo capaz de produzir um significativo nĂşmero de ideias e desenvolver consenso. A ferramenta adaptada pode ser usada por outros pesquisadores em paĂses com recursos ou dimensĂľes semelhantes ao Brasil.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de NĂvel Superior â Brasil (CAPES) â Finance Code 001
Anthropometric, biochemical and clinical assessment of malnutrition in Malaysian patients with advanced cirrhosis
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>There is limited data on the nutritional status of Asian patients with various aetiologies of cirrhosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of malnutrition and to compare nutritional differences between various aetiologies.</p> <p>Methodology</p> <p>A cross-sectional study of adult patients with decompensated cirrhosis was conducted. Nutritional status was assessed using standard anthropometry, serum visceral proteins and subjective global assessment (SGA).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Thirty six patients (mean age 59.8 Âą 12.8 years; 66.7% males; 41.6% viral hepatitis; Child-Pugh C 55.6%) with decompensated cirrhosis were recruited. Malnutrition was prevalent in 18 (50%) patients and the mean caloric intake was low at 15.2 kcal/kg/day. SGA grade C, as compared to SGA grade B, demonstrated significantly lower anthropometric values in males (BMI 18.1 Âą 1.6 vs 26.3 Âą 3.5 kg/m2, p < 0.0001; MAMC 19.4 Âą 1.5 vs 24.5 Âą 3.6 cm, p = 0.002) and females (BMI 19.4 Âą 2.7 vs 28.9 Âą 4.3, p = 0.001; MAMC 18.0 Âą 0.9 vs 28.1 Âą 3.6, p < 0.0001), but not with visceral proteins. The SGA demonstrated a trend towards more malnutrition in Child-Pugh C compared to Child-Pugh B liver cirrhosis (40% grade C vs 25% grade C, p = 0.48). Alcoholic cirrhosis had a higher proportion of SGA grade C (41.7%) compared to viral (26.7%) and cryptogenic (28.6%) cirrhosis, but this was not statistically significant.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Significant malnutrition in Malaysian patients with advanced cirrhosis is common. Alcoholic cirrhosis may have more malnutrition compared to other aetiologies of cirrhosis.</p
Reference gene validation for quantitative RT-PCR during biotic and abiotic stresses in Vitis vinifera
Grapevine is one of the most cultivated fruit crop worldwide with Vitis vinifera being the species with the highest
economical importance. Being highly susceptible to fungal pathogens and increasingly affected by environmental factors, it
has become an important agricultural research area, where gene expression analysis plays a fundamental role. Quantitative
reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is currently amongst the most powerful techniques to perform
gene expression studies. Nevertheless, accurate gene expression quantification strongly relies on appropriate reference
gene selection for sample normalization. Concerning V. vinifera, limited information still exists as for which genes are the
most suitable to be used as reference under particular experimental conditions. In this work, seven candidate genes were
investigated for their stability in grapevine samples referring to four distinct stresses (Erysiphe necator, wounding and UV-C
irradiation in leaves and Phaeomoniella chlamydospora colonization in wood). The expression stability was evaluated using
geNorm, NormFinder and BestKeeper. In all cases, full agreement was not observed for the three methods. To provide
comprehensive rankings integrating the three different programs, for each treatment, a consensus ranking was created
using a non-weighted unsupervised rank aggregation method. According to the last, the three most suitable reference
genes to be used in grapevine leaves, regardless of the stress, are UBC, VAG and PEP. For the P. chlamydospora treatment,
EF1, CYP and UBC were the best scoring genes. Acquaintance of the most suitable reference genes to be used in grapevine
samples can contribute for accurate gene expression quantification in forthcoming studiesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Community health and medical provision: impact on neonates (the CHAMPION trial)
BACKGROUND: The trial aims to evaluate whether neonatal mortality can be reduced through systemic changes to the provision and promotion of healthcare. Neonatal mortality rates in India are high compared to other low income countries, and there is a wide variation of rates across regions. There is evidence that relatively inexpensive interventions may be able to prevent up to 75% of these deaths. One area with a particularly high rate is Mahabubnagar District in Andhra Pradesh, where neonatal mortality is estimated to be in the region of 4-9%. The area suffers from a vicious cycle of both poor supply of and small demand for health care services. The trial will assess whether a package of interventions to facilitate systemic changes to the provision and promotion of healthcare may be able to substantially reduce neonatal mortality in this area and be cost-effective. If successful, the trial is designed so that it should be possible to substantially scale up the project in regions with similarly high neonatal mortality throughout Andhra Pradesh and elsewhere. METHODS/DESIGN: This trial will be a cluster-randomised controlled trial involving 464 villages in Mahabubnagar District. The package of interventions will first be introduced in half of the villages with the others serving as controls. The trial will run for a period of three years. The intervention in the trial has two key elements: a community health promotion campaign and a system to contract out healthcare to non-public institutions. The health promotion campaign will include a health education campaign, participatory discussion groups, training of village health workers and midwives, and improved coordination of antenatal services. The intervention group will also have subsidized access to pregnancy-related healthcare services at non-public lth centres (NPHCs). The primary outcome of the trial will be neonatal mortality. Secondary outcomes will include age at and cause of neonatal death, neonatal morbidity, maternal mortality and morbidity, health service usage, costs and several process and knowledge outcomes. DISCUSSION: The trial will be run by independent research and service delivery arms and supervised by a trial steering committee. A data monitoring committee will be put in place to monitor the trial and recommend stopping/continuation according to a Peto-Haybittle rule. The primary publication for the trial will follow CONSORT guidelines for cluster randomised controlled trials. Criteria for authorship of all papers, presentations and reports resulting from the study will conform to ICMJE standards
Parentsâ marital status and child physical abuse potential: the mediation of depression symptoms
Informed by a social interactional framework of stress and parenting, the aim of this study was to examine the mediating effect of depression symptoms on the asso- ciation between parentsâ marital status (married and divorced parents) and child physical abuse potential, in a Portuguese community sample. It was hypothesized that the possible observed differences between divorced and married parents in the child physical abuse potential would be explained by their depression symptoms. Parents (N = 892) were assessed in their marital status, severity of depression symptoms and child physical abuse potential. Results showed that, when compared with married parents, divorced parents had higher child physical abuse potential. However, parentsâ depression symptomatology was found as a mediator of the effect of marital status differences on child physical abuse potential. The influence of the status of divorced parents on the increase of child physical abuse potential was explained by the increase of the parentsâ depression symptoms. This finding suggested that parentsâ divorced status had no longer an effect on child physical abuse potential when parentsâ depression symptomatology was tested as a mediator vari- able. The present mediation model explained 47 % of the variability in the child physical abuse potential score. Prac- tical implications of these findings for prevention and psy- chological intervention are also discussed.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Performance of CMS muon reconstruction in pp collision events at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
The performance of muon reconstruction, identification, and triggering in CMS
has been studied using 40 inverse picobarns of data collected in pp collisions
at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV at the LHC in 2010. A few benchmark sets of selection
criteria covering a wide range of physics analysis needs have been examined.
For all considered selections, the efficiency to reconstruct and identify a
muon with a transverse momentum pT larger than a few GeV is above 95% over the
whole region of pseudorapidity covered by the CMS muon system, abs(eta) < 2.4,
while the probability to misidentify a hadron as a muon is well below 1%. The
efficiency to trigger on single muons with pT above a few GeV is higher than
90% over the full eta range, and typically substantially better. The overall
momentum scale is measured to a precision of 0.2% with muons from Z decays. The
transverse momentum resolution varies from 1% to 6% depending on pseudorapidity
for muons with pT below 100 GeV and, using cosmic rays, it is shown to be
better than 10% in the central region up to pT = 1 TeV. Observed distributions
of all quantities are well reproduced by the Monte Carlo simulation.Comment: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DO
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