HUBUNGAN ANTARA WORK ENGAGEMENT DENGAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR PADA KARYAWAN DI PT. MNC SKY VISION DUMAI

HUBUNGAN ANTARA WORK ENGAGEMENT DENGAN ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR PADA KARYAWAN DI PT. MNC SKY VISION DUMAI Oleh: FERY OKTA FERSI [email protected] Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau ABSTRAK Sumber daya manusia merupakan aset penting suatu perusahaan. Aset yang menentukan tercapai atau tidaknya tujuan perusahaan salah satunya adalah karyawan yang memiliki perilaku sukarela, tidak ada paksaan serta berperilaku konstruktif atau yang disebut dengan organizational citizenship behavior. organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan akan lebih baik jika diiringi dengan dengan work engagement, yaitu sikap penuh semangat dalam bekerja dan memiliki antusias yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara work engagement dengan organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif korelasional dengan alat pengumpulan data berupa skala work engagement dari Schaufeli, Salanova, Gonzales-Roma, & Bakker, (2002) dan skala organizational citizenship behavior dari Organ (1995). Jumlah sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 70 orang karyawan PT. MNC Skyvision Dumai dengan teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu korelasi product moment. Hasil analisis menunjukkan nilai koefisien ( r )sebesar 0,423 dan taraf signifikasi P=0,000 (P>0,05) dengan demikian hipotesis dalam penelitian ini diterima yaitu terdapat hubungan antara work engagement dengan organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan PT. MNC Skyvision Dumai. Kata kunci : Work Engagement, Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Karyawan

Living on the Edge: The Manuscript of Ocaña and the Production of an Islamic Space in Early Modern Spain

Before their expulsion from Spain in the early seventeenth century, Muslims would hide their books inside the walls of their houses to evade the castigation of the Christian Inquisition. The manuscript under study is an anonymous pocket-size Islamic compendium written in Arabic, excavated in Ocaña (Toledo) in 1969 from the wall of a house in restoration. More than five centuries old, this manuscript is a rare testimony of the survival of both Arabic and Islam until the early sixteenth century in Castile, despite the efforts of the Christian Crown to ban the language and eradicate the religion. The choice of this manuscript is driven by the recognition of its value as the epitome of the resistance of the Muslim minority in Spain at a transitional period of its history under Christian rule. It materialises their journey from the secluded Mudejar districts pushed to the outskirts of cities to the underground Morisco households lurking under surveillance. Examined as both an artefact and a text, this codex proves to be a multi-layered manuscript matrix, carefully designed to produce a space of interstice between the ideal Islamic construction of the universe, at the centre of which stands the Muslim community, and the reality of their marginalisation and persecution in early modern Spain. This thesis is an endeavour to offer a comprehensive multi-disciplinary study of an invaluable historical token that belongs to a private collection, nowadays inaccessible to the researcher. Its first part offers a thick description of the text-object in an attempt to reconstruct its life-cycle, relying on the available historical data about the crypto-Muslim community and their secret manuscript culture. The manuscript of Ocaña, the practical sermon-guide, once used to instruct the audience, turned into a sacred inscribed relic that survived the fire of biblioclasm and outlived its owners. The second part then turns to an analysis of the features of the space created in the compilation. The construction of the universe, fragile as it might seem, proves to be sustained by a strong ethical system based on the fear of God and His retribution. Most of the spaces represented in the manuscript are liminal, suspended between the Here and the Hereafter to dramatise the reverberations between the macrocosm and the microcosm and constantly remind the believers of death and the Last Judgement. Life and Afterlife are portrayed as permeable spaces that have a synchronised existence at a time when the End is looming ahead. The exploration of the spatial pattern that unfolds in the text and its ethical dimensions and rhetorical undertones is a lens to grasp the worldview of the marginalised community, the mechanisms of their momentary survival in a structured space-within-a space, and the reasons for their ultimate disappearance. It is argued that the denial of their right to publicly practise their religion in a space of their own led the crypto-Muslims who chose to remain in their land to gradually lose their language and religious rituals. When the ideal Islamic space of the manuscript could no longer be represented in everyday life, and the sense of a shared community vanished with the domestication of religion, the end of Islam in Spain was an inevitable consequence. Religion, unlike faith, is communal, public, performative, and material. It needs a physical space to survive or else will become, like this manuscript, a text that can no longer be read. In using a largely untapped primary source of documents written in Arabic, this project will contribute to the growing body of research on similar codices, to complicate the Inquisition records and other state archival documents in the recovery of the forgotten period in the history of Spanish Islam

Preserving Context Privacy in Distributed Hash Table Wireless Sensor Networks.

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are often deployed in hostile or difficult scenarios, such as military battlefields and disaster recovery, where it is crucial for the network to be highly fault tolerant, scalable and decentralized. For this reason, peer-to-peer primitives such as Distributed Hash Table (DHT), which can greatly enhance the scalability and resilience of a network, are increasingly being introduced in the design of WSN's. Securing the communication within the WSN is also imperative in hostile settings. In particular, context information, such as the network topology and the location and identity of base stations (which collect data gathered by the sensors and are a central point of failure) can be protected using traffic encryption and anonymous routing. In this paper, we propose a protocol achieving a modified version of onion routing over wireless sensor networks based on the DHT paradigm. The protocol prevents adversaries from learning the network topology using traffic analysis, and therefore preserves the context privacy of the network. Furthermore, the proposed scheme is designed to minimize the computational burden and power usage of the nodes, through a novel partitioning scheme and route selection algorithm

Microfinance's digital transformation for sustainable inclusion

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the performance of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) offering FinTech services. This study contributes to the existing literature on microfinance digitalization, financial inclusion and sustainable development. The study also takes into consideration a behavioral perspective through the efficiency evaluation process of MFIs offering FinTech services. Design/methodology/approach – The following study employs the Stochastic Frontier Analysis approach to estimate the operational and social efficiency scores of the 387 MFIs over the period 2005–2019. Then, it tries to consider factors influencing MFIs' efficiency and assess their effects. Hence, two separate models for operation and social efficiency introducing a set of factors, including FinTech proxies and overconfidence proxies, are tested. The first model for operational efficiency uses a random-effects estimator while the second one for social efficiency uses a fixed-effects estimator. Findings – The results show that innovative MFIs have weaker averages of operational efficiency than non-innovative ones but higher averages of social efficiency. This was justified by the fact that innovative MFIs are more socially oriented. Further, findings of this study depict that the proxies of FinTech affect negatively the level of operational efficiency of MFIs. They also depict a negative relationship between FinTech proxies and the level of social efficiency. These results hold through robustness tests. Originality/value – The highlight of this study is that it takes heed of the indirect effect of technological innovation on the efficiency of MFIs. It has been proved that it moderates the impact of managerial overconfidence (manifested by excessive risk-taking, viz., high levels of PAR30, LGR and NIM) on the level of both operational and social efficiencies. 研究目的 – 本文旨在對提供金融科技服務的微型金融機構的表現作出評價。我們的研究, 就現有之學術文獻而言, 在以下課題之探討上作出了貢獻: 微型金融的數字化、普惠金融、以及可持續發展。本研究亦以行為主義觀點, 對微型金融機構提供之金融科技服務的效率作出評價。 研究方法 – 本研究使用隨機邊界分析法的理念, 去估計有關的387間微型金融機構於2005年至2019年期間、經營方面和社會方面的效率分數; 繼而嘗試找出影響微型金融機構效率的因素, 並評估這些因素的影響。為此目的, 研究人員分別測試兩個模型, 一個是探究運作方面的效率, 另一個則探究社會方面的效率。兩個模型內均放入一系列的因素, 其中包括金融科技代理和過度自信代理。探究運作方面的效率的模型使用了隨機效果估算器, 而探究社會方面的效率的模型則使用了固定效果估算器。 研究結果 – 研究結果顯示、具創新精神的微型金融機構, 在運作方面的效率的平均值上,較沒具創新精神的為弱, 而社會方面的效率的平均值卻較高。這個結果是合理的, 因為具創新精神的微型金融機構會更著眼於社會。另外, 研究結果描繪了一個現象, 就是: 金融科技代理會對微型金融機構的運作效率水平產生負面影響; 我們也看到、金融科技代理與社會方面的效率水平之間的關聯是負面的; 這些研究結果、均通過穩健性檢驗。 研究的原創性 – 本研究最突出之處為研究人員關注科技之創新會間接影響微型金融機構的效率。研究人員證明了於微型金融機構整合金融科技服務是會緩和管理上的過度自信給運作和社會兩方面的效率水平帶來的影響 (管理上的過度自信、顯露於過度的風險承擔, 即是, PAR30(貸款組合風險-30日)、LGR(貸款增長率) 和NIM(淨息差) 處於高水平)

Stratégie optimale de réduction de l'intervalle de confiance pour l'estimateur de la prime ajustée. Application en assurance automobile

The estimator of the adjusted premium developed by Necir and Boukhetala (2004) is considered. The problem of reducing the variance of this estimator is formulated as an optimization program with nonlinear stochastic constraints. An hybrid genetic algorithm is used for finding global optimal solutions, statistically explicable. An application to automobile insurance is developed.

A formal model based on Game Theory for the analysis of cooperation in distributed service discovery

New systems can be designed, developed, and managed as societies of agents that interact with each other by o↵ering and providing services. These systems can be viewed as complex networks where nodes are bounded rational agents. In order to deal with complex goals, agents must cooperate with other agents to be able to locate the required services. The aim of this paper is to formally and empirically analyze under what circumstances cooperation emerges in decentralized search for services. We propose a repeated game model that formalizes the interactions among agents in a search process where each agent has the freedom to choose whether or not to cooperate with other agents. Agents make decisions based on the cost of their actions and the expected reward if they participate by forwarding queries in a search process that ends successfully. We propose a strategy that is based on random-walks, and we study under what conditions the strategy is a Nash Equilibrium. We performed several experiments in order to evaluate the model and the strategy and to analyze which network structures are the most appropriate for promoting cooperation

Emerging technologies for the production of renewable liquid transport fuels from biomass sources enriched in plant cell walls

Plant cell walls are composed predominantly of cellulose, a range of non-cellulosic polysaccharides and lignin. The walls account for a large proportion not only of crop residues such as wheat straw and sugarcane bagasse, but also of residues of the timber industry and specialist grasses and other plants being grown specifically for biofuel production. The polysaccharide components of plant cell walls have long been recognized as an extraordinarily large source of fermentable sugars that might be used for the production of bioethanol and other renewable liquid transport fuels. Estimates place annual plant cellulose production from captured light energy in the order of hundreds of billions of tons. Lignin is synthesized in the same order of magnitude and, as a very large polymer of phenylpropanoid residues, lignin is also an abundant, high energy macromolecule. However, one of the major functions of these cell wall constituents in plants is to provide the extreme tensile and compressive strengths that enable plants to resist the forces of gravity and a broad range of other mechanical forces. Over millions of years these wall constituents have evolved under natural selection to generate extremely tough and resilient biomaterials. The rapid degradation of these tough cell wall composites to fermentable sugars is therefore a difficult task and has significantly slowed the development of a viable lignocellulose-based biofuels industry. However, good progress has been made in overcoming this so-called recalcitrance of lignocellulosic feedstocks for the biofuels industry, through modifications to the lignocellulose itself, innovative pre-treatments of the biomass, improved enzymes and the development of superior yeasts and other microorganisms for the fermentation process. Nevertheless, it has been argued that bioethanol might not be the best or only biofuel that can be generated from lignocellulosic biomass sources and that hydrocarbons with intrinsically higher energy densities might be produced using emerging and continuous flow systems that are capable of converting a broad range of plant and other biomasses to bio-oils through so-called 'agnostic' technologies such as hydrothermal liquefaction. Continued attention to regulatory frameworks and ongoing government support will be required for the next phase of development of internationally viable biofuels industries.Hwei-Ting Tan, Kendall R. Corbin and Geoffrey B. Finche