Appellativi e attributi della Madre di Dio. Per un lexicon slavo ecclesiastico-russo-italiano dei termini religiosi

In direct continuity with a previous essay, devoted to the study of a selection of attributes referred to the Christian God (Ferro, Romoli, 2013), the authors analyze a number of epithets and attributes addressed to the Mother of God or defining her qualities. These words are frequently used in medieval Eastern Slavic literature, they are usually stated in the most authoritative dictionaries of Old and Church Slavonic languages, and remain generally unchanged in modern Russian. Within the project of a trilingual (Church Slavonic-Russian-Italian) lexicon, the essay aims to show how the translation of religious terms goes beyond linguistics, as the question of correspondence or lack of correspondence in concepts and contexts of reference often arises. Since general dictionaries frequently fail to provide satisfactory solutions, it is necessary to go back to the terms’ origins, semantics and use through the systematic use of different types of dictionaries. In addition, in order to provide a proper Italian translation, the use of dictionaries of the Italian language too is fundamental

Gli attributi di Dio. Per una traduzione slavo ecclesiastico-russo-italiano del lessico religioso e teologico-filosofico

In order to understand and correctly translate religious and philosophical-theological words, general dictionaries often fail to provide satisfactory solutions. Issues related to their translation go beyond linguistics and bring up the matter of correspondence or lack of correspondence in concepts and contexts of reference. Waiting for and aiming at compiling a trilingual (Church Slavonic-Russian- Italian) lexicon of religious and philosophical-theological words, the authors analyze frequent lexemes in specific literary genres and semantic fields, in order to reconstruct their origins, semantics and use. In this essay they consider in particular six lemmas used in Church Slavonic hagiography, homiletics and hymnography to refer to the three persons of Christian God (Father, Son and Holy Spirit): vĭsedĭržitelĭ (vĭsedĭržatelĭ), sĭrdĭcevědĭcĭ, ženichŭ besŭmĭrtnĭnyi, ženichŭ nebesĭnyi, edinorodĭnyi, edinočadyi

O professor como mediador na construção das aprendizagens

Relatório da Prática de Ensino Supervisionada apresentado no ISPA – Instituto Universitário para obtenção de grau de Mestre em Educação Pré-Escolar e Ensino do 1o Ciclo do Ensino BásicoO presente relatório emerge da Prática Supervisionada do final do Mestrado em Educação PréEscolar e Ensino do 1º Ciclo do Ensino Básico. O trabalho de investigação apresentado surge do estágio numa instituição privada com um grupo do 2º ano de escolaridade que integra 21 alunos. Tendo como objetivos caracterizar as estratégias de mediação de interações nos momentos de trabalho em grande grupo, e compreender de que forma promovem o avanço da discussão coletiva, elaboraram-se duas questões de investigação: 1) Que tipo de estratégias são usadas nos momentos coletivos? e 2) De que forma é que contribuem para avanços nos processos de aprendizagem?. Adotou-se uma metodologia qualitativa tendo sido realizada uma observação participante. Os instrumentos utilizados para a recolha de dados foram gravações áudio e excertos do Diário de Bordo. Analisaram-se as dinâmicas e diálogos do grupo e construíram-se duas grelhas, fazendo a ponte entre a teoria e experiência vivida, com categorias de intervenção do professor e categorias de intervenção das crianças. Consideraram-se cinco excertos de discussão, dois deles mediados pela professora cooperante e três mediados pela professora estagiária. Observou-se uma dinâmica de co-construção, em que o adulto promovia uma participação ativa das crianças através de práticas de questionamento, reformulação, sistematização e apelo ao envolvimento por meio de perguntas relacionadas com experiências anteriores das crianças. Observou-se que as crianças se apropriaram deste tipo de dinâmica, elaborando também elas, sistematizações e reformulações, associando-as ao pensamento de outros intervenientes do grupo. Verificou-se que as estratégias utilizadas contribuíram para o avanço nos processos de aprendizagem.ABSTRACT: The present report emerges from the Supervised Practice of the end of the Master in Pre-School Education and Teaching of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education. The research work presented arises from the internship in a private institution with a group of the 2nd year of schooling that integrates 21 students. With the objectives of characterizing the strategies for mediating interactions in large group work and understanding how they promote the advancement of collective discussion, two research questions were elaborated: 1) What kind of strategies are used in collective moments? and 2) How do they contribute to advances in learning processes? A qualitative methodology was adopted and a participant observation was carried out. The instruments used for data collection were audio recordings and excerpts from the Logbook. The dynamics and dialogues of the group were analyzed and two grids were built, bridging the gap between theory and lived experience, with categories of teacher intervention and categories of children's intervention. Five discussion excerpts were considered, two of them mediated by the cooperating teacher and three mediated by the trainee teacher. A dynamic of co-construction was observed, in which the adult promoted an active participation of the children through practices of questioning, reformulation, systematization and appeal to involvement through questions related to previous experiences of the children. It was observed that the children appropriated this type of dynamics, also elaborating systematizations and reformulations, associating them with the thinking of other actors in the group. It was verified that the strategies used contributed to the progress in the learning processe

Children at risk of domestic accidents when are locked up at home: the other side of COVID-19 outbreak lockdown

Background We proposed to analyze thoroughly the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown (CL) in changes of profiles and in trend of the domestic accidents (DAs) in children. Methods This was a single experience, cross-sectional study conducted at the emergency department (ED) of III trauma center. We enrolled children under 18 years admitted to ED with a diagnosis of DAs comparing the CL period from 10(th) March 2020 to 4(th) May 2020 with the same period of the previous year,10(th) March 2019 to 4(th) May 2019. Results In CL period, the cumulative incidence of ED visits for DAs increased from 86.88 to 272.13 per 1,000 children and the cumulative incidence of hospitalizations for DAs increased from 409.72 to 534.48 per 1,000 children. We reported in CL a decrease in the severity of ED presentation assessed by proxy measures: the level of priority ED visits reduced by 67% in CL period (OR: 0.33; 95%CI 0.22-0.48; p < 0.001); the likelihood of delayed time of presentation to ED increased by 65% in case of domestic injuries occurring in CL period (OR: 1.65; 95% CI: 1.17-2.34; p = 0.004); the odds of transfer from other hospital decreased by 78% in CL (OR: 0.15-0.33; p < 0.001). Children were more at risk of poisoning (OR:3.35-106.11; p = 0.001), of body foreign ingestion (OR: 1.83-14.39; p = 0.002) and less at risk of animal bite trauma (OR:0.05-0.35; p < 0.001). Conclusion Although the need to stay home has made a decisive breakthrough on the spread of COVID-19, the experience from this study underlines how this preventive measure has also had a downside in term of increased cumulative incidence of ED visits and of hospitalizations for DA

One Year of Lung Ultrasound in Children with SARS-CoV-2 Admitted to a Tertiary Referral Children's Hospital: A Retrospective Study during 2020-2021

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the lung ultrasound (LU) turned out to be a pivotal tool to study the lung involvement in the adult population, but the same was not well evaluated in children. We detected the LU patterns through an integrated approach with clinical-laboratory features in children hospitalized for COVID-19 in relation to the temporal trend of the Italian epidemic. We conducted a retrospective study which took place at a pediatric tertiary hospital from 15 March 2020 to 15 March 2021. We compared the characteristics of the initial phase of the first COVID-19 year-in the spring and summer (15 March-30 September 2020)-and those of the second phase-in the autumn and winter (1 October 2020-15 March 2021). Twenty-eight patients were studied both in the first and in the second phase of the first COVID-19 year. The disease severity score (DSS) was significantly greater in the second phase (p = 0.015). In the second phase of the first COVID-19 year, we detected a more significant occurrence of the following LU features than in the first phase: the irregular pleural line (85.71% vs. 60.71%; p = 0.035), the B-lines (89.29% vs. 60%; p = 0.003) and the several but non-coalescent B-lines (89.29% vs. 60%; p = 0.003). The LU score correlated significantly with the DSS, with a moderate relationship (r = 0.51, p < 0.001). The combined clinical, laboratory and ultrasound approaches might be essential in the evaluation of pulmonary involvement in children affected by COVID-19 during different periods of the pandemic

Trinucleotide repeats in 202 families with ataxia: a small expanded (CAG)n allele at the SCA17 locus

BACKGROUND: Ten neurodegenerative disorders characterized by spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) are known to be caused by trinucleotide repeat (TNR) expansions. However, in some instances the molecular diagnosis is considered indeterminate because of the overlap between normal and affected allele ranges. In addition, the mechanism that generates expanded alleles is not completely understood. OBJECTIVE: To examine the clinical and molecular characteristics of a large group of Portuguese and Brazilian families with ataxia to improve knowledge of the molecular diagnosis of SCA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We have (1) assessed repeat sizes at all known TNR loci implicated in SCA; (2) determined frequency distributions of normal alleles and expansions; and (3) looked at genotype-phenotype correlations in 202 unrelated Portuguese and Brazilian patients with SCA. Molecular analysis of TNR expansions was performed using polymerase chain reaction amplification. RESULTS: Patients from 110 unrelated families with SCA showed TNR expansions at 1 of the loci studied. Dominantly transmitted cases had (CAG)(n) expansions at the Machado-Joseph disease gene (MJD1) (63%), at SCA2 (3%), the gene for dentatorubropallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) (2%), SCA6 (1%), or SCA7 (1%) loci, or (CTG)(n) expansions at the SCA8 (2%) gene, whereas (GAA)(n) expansions in the Freidreich ataxia gene (FRDA) were found in 64% of families with recessive ataxia. Isolated patients also had TNR expansions at the MJD1 (6%), SCA8 (6%), or FRDA (8%) genes; in addition, an expanded allele at the TATA-binding protein gene (TBP), with 43 CAGs, was present in a patient with ataxia and mental deterioration. Associations between frequencies of SCA2 and SCA6 and a frequency of large normal alleles were found in Portuguese and Brazilian individuals, respectively. Interestingly, no association between the frequencies of DRPLA and large normal alleles was found in the Portuguese group. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that (1) a significant number of isolated cases of ataxia are due to TNR expansions; (2) expanded DRPLA alleles in Portuguese families may have evolved from an ancestral haplotype; and (3) small (CAG)(n) expansions at the TBP gene may cause SCA17

Population genetics of wild-type CAG repeats in the Machado-Joseph disease gene in Portugal

To gain insights on the molecular mechanisms of mutation that led to the emergence of expanded alleles in the MJD gene, by studying the behavior of wild-type alleles and testing the association of its distribution with the representation of the disease. Methods: The number of CAG motifs in the MJD gene was determined in a representative sample of 1000 unrelated individuals. Associations between the repeat size and the epidemiological representation of MJD were tested. Results: The allelic profi le of the total sample was in the normal range (13–41 repeats), with mode (CAG) 23 . No intermediate alleles were present. Allelic size distribution showed a negative skew. The correlation between the epidemiological representation of MJD in each district and the frequency of small, medium and large normal alleles was not signifi cant. Further correlations performed grouping the districts also failed to produce signifi cant results. Conclusions: The absence of association between the size of the repeats and the representation of MJD demonstrates that prevalence is not an indirect refl ection of the frequency of large normal alleles. Globally the results obtained are in accordance with a model that postulates the occurrence of a few mutations on the basis of most of the MJD cases worldwide

The role of a-axis grains in the transition to the normal state of YBa2Cu3O7−δ films and of 2G-coated conductors when induced by high electrical current densities

The influence of surface defects, in particular of a-axis grains, on the transition to the normal state induced by high current densities in YBa2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) thin films and in a commercial 2G-coated conductor is investigated. For that purpose, the surface of the samples is observed by scanning electron microscopy and isothermal current-voltage curves are measured at different temperatures with pulsed currents up to the quenching value I*. The results show that the ratio of I* to the critical current is large if a-axis grains are not visible at the surface of the YBCO films, while it is much lower if the surface includes a-axis grains as this is the case for the coated conductor. The connection between the transition onset and the vortex dynamics, as well as the role of the a-axis grains in this process are discussed. The relation between the I* values obtained from thermal calculations and those resulting from vortex dynamics considerations is also discussed, as well as the possible consequences suggested by this work for the different applications of the coated conductors

Exclusive Leptoproduction of rho^0 Mesons from Hydrogen at Intermediate Virtual Photon Energies

Measurements of the cross section for exclusive virtual-photoproduction of rho^0 mesons from hydrogen are reported. The data were collected by the HERMES experiment using 27.5 GeV positrons incident on a hydrogen gas target in the HERA storage ring. The invariant mass W of the photon-nucleon system ranges from 4.0 to 6.0 GeV, while the negative squared four-momentum Q^2 of the virtual photon varies from 0.7 to 5.0 GeV^2. The present data together with most of the previous data at W > 4 GeV are well described by a model that infers the W-dependence of the cross section from the dependence on the Bjorken scaling variable x of the unpolarized structure function for deep-inelastic scattering. In addition, a model calculation based on Off-Forward Parton Distributions gives a fairly good account of the longitudinal component of the rho^0 production cross section for Q^2 > 2 GeV^2.Comment: 10 pages, 6 embedded figures, LaTeX for SVJour(epj) document class. Revisions: curves added to Fig. 1, several clarifications added to tex

Search for charginos in e+e- interactions at sqrt(s) = 189 GeV

An update of the searches for charginos and gravitinos is presented, based on a data sample corresponding to the 158 pb^{-1} recorded by the DELPHI detector in 1998, at a centre-of-mass energy of 189 GeV. No evidence for a signal was found. The lower mass limits are 4-5 GeV/c^2 higher than those obtained at a centre-of-mass energy of 183 GeV. The (\mu,M_2) MSSM domain excluded by combining the chargino searches with neutralino searches at the Z resonance implies a limit on the mass of the lightest neutralino which, for a heavy sneutrino, is constrained to be above 31.0 GeV/c^2 for tan(beta) \geq 1.Comment: 22 pages, 8 figure