Abordagem de uma Paciente com Fibrilaçao Atrial e Insuficiência Cardíaca Tratada com Ablaçao do Nó Atrioventricular e Marcapasso Multissítio

Paciente do sexo feminino, com58anos, portadora de cardiomiopatia dilatada, acompanhada desde 1984 por apresentar insuficiência cardíaca e hipertensao arterial. Na evoluçao, apresentou bloqueio de ramo esquerdo e fibrilaçao atrial. No final de 1999, mesmo com a medicaçao adequada e otimizada para insuficiência cardíaca, apresentava-se em grau funcional IV e as internaçoes hospitalares haviam se tornando cada vez mais freqüentes. Em janeiro de 2000, optou-se pela ablaçao do nó atrioventricular e pelo implante de um marcapasso endocárdico bifocal multissítio em ventrículo direito. Desde entao vem evoluindo bem, com menor número de medicamentos e raras internaçoes

Abordagem de uma Paciente com Fibrilaçao Atrial e Insuficiência Cardíaca Tratada com Ablaçao do Nó Atrioventricular e Marcapasso Multissítio

Paciente do sexo feminino, com58anos, portadora de cardiomiopatia dilatada, acompanhada desde 1984 por apresentar insuficiência cardíaca e hipertensao arterial. Na evoluçao, apresentou bloqueio de ramo esquerdo e fibrilaçao atrial. No final de 1999, mesmo com a medicaçao adequada e otimizada para insuficiência cardíaca, apresentava-se em grau funcional IV e as internaçoes hospitalares haviam se tornando cada vez mais freqüentes. Em janeiro de 2000, optou-se pela ablaçao do nó atrioventricular e pelo implante de um marcapasso endocárdico bifocal multissítio em ventrículo direito. Desde entao vem evoluindo bem, com menor número de medicamentos e raras internaçoes

Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients

The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025° × 0.025°) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with individual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from ~1.3 million sample plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of biodiversity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers

Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients

The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025 degrees x 0.025 degrees) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with individual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from similar to 1.3 million sample plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of biodiversity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers

Co-limitation towards lower latitudes shapes global forest diversity gradients

The latitudinal diversity gradient (LDG) is one of the most recognized global patterns of species richness exhibited across a wide range of taxa. Numerous hypotheses have been proposed in the past two centuries to explain LDG, but rigorous tests of the drivers of LDGs have been limited by a lack of high-quality global species richness data. Here we produce a high-resolution (0.025° × 0.025°) map of local tree species richness using a global forest inventory database with individual tree information and local biophysical characteristics from ~1.3 million sample plots. We then quantify drivers of local tree species richness patterns across latitudes. Generally, annual mean temperature was a dominant predictor of tree species richness, which is most consistent with the metabolic theory of biodiversity (MTB). However, MTB underestimated LDG in the tropics, where high species richness was also moderated by topographic, soil and anthropogenic factors operating at local scales. Given that local landscape variables operate synergistically with bioclimatic factors in shaping the global LDG pattern, we suggest that MTB be extended to account for co-limitation by subordinate drivers