La adquisición del lenguaje de tres a seis años y sus posibles trastornos

En este Trabajo de Fin de Grado se estudia el desarrollo de la adquisición del lenguaje y sus trastornos, centrándonos en sus etapas y en las teorías surgidas sobre este. Finalmente, se proponen ejercicios sencillos y lúdicos para los niños del segundo ciclo de Educación Infantil con la finalidad de disminuirlos o evitarlos lo máximo posible, a través de técnicas y actividades que puedan ser de ayuda para estimular y afianzar las competencias lingüísticas, incluyendo estas en su rutina habitual.For the Final Degree Work studies the development of language acquisition and disorders, focusing on its stages and on the theories arising on this. Finally, simple and playful exercises are proposed for children in the second cycle of Early Chilhood Education in order to reduce or avoid them as much as possibel, trough techniques and activities that can be helpful to stimulate and strengthen linguistic skills, including these in their usual routines.Grado en Educación Infanti

Stability across sites of Douglas-fir provenances in northern Spain

This study examines the stability across sites for height growth at different ages in a multi-site Douglas-fir provenance test in Northern Spain in order to study its implications for provenance use recommendations and breeding strategies. A total of 89 IUFRO provenances, planted on 16 sites, were analysed. Type B correlations were used to examine the relation among geographical differences between sites and their site-to-site correlations. The site index differences between sites was the only variable that explained the Type B correlation variation, indicating that P x E interaction arises from site index differences between test sites. The lack of significant correlations between geographical differences and Type B correlations between sites, suggested that all the studied area should be considered as a unique breeding zone. Despite the relative high Type B correlation within all the studied area (r, > 0.6), the analyses of variance indicated a high relative importance of the P x E interaction, especially at the earlier stages. This interaction must be considered for selection and provenances recommendation. It was concluded that selection should be made for stability and overall good performance within the whole area. Provenance stability over the site index variation was analysed by the joint regression analysis. Significant stability differences were found among provenances. Considering both the overall performance and the stability, 11 provenances were recommended for Northern Spain. Most of these provenances come from North Oregon and South Washington, from latitudes north of 45 " N.This study was financed, during the last years, by the European Projects EUDIREC CT95-0909 and FEDER lFD97-0585-C-03-01.UEPeer reviewe

Comparative effects of oleoyl-estrone and a specific β3-adrenergic agonist (CL316, 243) on the expression of genes involved in energy metabolism of rat white adipose tissue

Background: The combination of oleoyl-estrone (OE) and a selective b3-adrenergic agonist (B3A; CL316,243) treatment in rats results in a profound and rapid wasting of body reserves (lipid). Methods: In the present study we investigated the effect of OE (oral gavage) and/or B3A (subcutaneous constant infusion) administration for 10 days to overweight male rats, compared with controls, on three distinct white adipose tissue (WAT) sites: subcutaneous inguinal, retroperitoneal and epididymal. Tissue weight, DNA (and, from these values cellularity), cAMP content and the expression of several key energy handling metabolism and control genes were analyzed and computed in relation to the whole site mass. Results: Both OE and B3A significantly decreased WAT mass, with no loss of DNA (cell numbers). OE decreased and B3A increased cAMP. Gene expression patterns were markedly different for OE and B3A. OE tended to decrease expression of most genes studied, with no changes (versus controls) of lipolytic but decrease of lipogenic enzyme genes. The effects of B3A were widely different, with a generalized increase in the expression of most genes, including the adrenergic receptors, and, especially the uncoupling protein UCP1. Discussion: OE and B3A, elicit widely different responses in WAT gene expression, end producing similar effects, such as shrinking of WAT, loss of fat, maintenance of cell numbers. OE acted essentially on the balance of lipolysislipogenesis and the blocking of the uptake of substrates; its decrease of synthesis favouring lipolysis. B3A induced a shotgun increase in the expression of most regulatory systems in the adipocyte, an effect that in the end favoured again the loss of lipid; this barely selective increase probably produces inefficiency, which coupled with the increase in UCP1 expression may help WAT to waste energy through thermogenesis. Conclusions: There were considerable differences in the responses of the three WAT sites. OE in general lowered gene expression and stealthily induced a substrate imbalance. B3A increasing the expression of most genes enhanced energy waste through inefficiency rather than through specific pathway activation. There was not a synergistic effect between OE and B3A in WAT, but their combined action increased WAT energy waste

Medium-frequency electrical resistance sintering of oxidized C.P. iron powder

Commercially pure (C.P.) iron powders with a deliberate high degree of oxidation were consolidated by medium-frequency electrical resistance sintering (MF-ERS). This is a consolidation technique where pressure, and heat coming from a low-voltage and high-intensity electrical current, are simultaneously applied to a powder mass. In this work, the achieved densification rate is interpreted according to a qualitative microscopic model, based on the compacts global porosity and electrical resistance evolution. The effect of current intensity and sintering time on compacts was studied on the basis of micrographs revealing the porosity distribution inside the sintered compact. The microstructural characteristics of compacts consolidated by the traditional cold-press and furnace-sinter powder metallurgy route are compared with results of MF-ERS consolidation. The goodness of MF-ERS versus the problems of conventional sintering when working with oxidized powders is analyzed. The electrical consolidation can obtain higher densifications than the traditional route under non-reducing atmospheres.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad DPI2015-69550-C2-1-PMinisterio de Economía y Competitividad DPI2015-69550-C2-2-

"Femmes traductrices, le cas de Mathilde Pomès".

Tout au long de l’histoire, la traduction a été victime de plusieurs discriminations pour ne pas être un travail considéré créatif. Par conséquent, cette activité a été marginalisée et réservée aux femmes dont ont doutait des capacités créatrices. Le but de cette étude est d’élever le travail qu’ont exercé ces traductrices. Dans ce but, nous allons étudier la figure de Mathilde Pomès (1886-1997), importante femmes de lettres en tant que divulgatrice la culture espagnole en France. Par la suite, nous allons faire une analyse de deux de ses traductions, La muerte es bella de Juan Ramón Jiménez et Luz de la noche de Pedro Salinas.<br /

Remediation of Potential Toxic Elements from Wastes and Soils: Analysis and Energy Prospects

[EN] The aim of this study is to evaluate the application of the main hazardous waste management techniques in mining operations and in dumping sites being conscious of the inter-linkages and inter-compartment of the contaminated soils and sediments. For this purpose, a systematic review of the literature on the reduction or elimination of different potential toxic elements was carried out, focusing on As, Cd and Hg as main current contaminant agents. Selected techniques are feasible according to several European countries’ directives, especially in Spain. In the case of arsenic, we verified that there exists a main line that is based on the use of iron minerals and its derivatives. It is important to determine its speciation since As (III) is more toxic and mobile than As (V). For cadmium (II), we observed a certain predominance of the use of biotic techniques, compared to a variety of others. Finally, in mercury case, treatments include a phytoremediation technique using Limnocharis flava and the use of a new natural adsorbent: a modified nanobiocomposite hydrogel. The use of biological treatments is increasingly being studied because they are environmentally friendly, efficient and highly viable in both process and energy terms. The study of techniques for the removal of potential toxic elements should be performed with a focus on the simultaneous removal of several metals, since in nature they do not appear in isolation. Moreover, we found that energy analysis constitutes a limiting factor in relation to the feasibility of these techniques.SIUniversidad de Leó

The effect of population size and technological collaboration on firms' innovation

[Abstract]: In the current knowledge economy, firms hardly innovate alone; the collaboration with other partners has become crucial for successful innovation. Literature has recently focused on two modes of collaboration: the learning-by-doing, by-using and by-interacting (DUI) and science and technology-based innovation (STI). Nevertheless, collaboration seems to be easier if firms are located in highly populated areas. This paper aims to analyse whether the population size of municipalities where firms are located influences firm innovation either in a direct way or by shaping the effect of the DUI and STI partnerships. Applying panel data methodology to a sample of 3004 Spanish manufacturing firms over the period 2009 to 2016, the results show that innovative performance benefits from STI and DUI innovation modes, especially product innovation. In contrast, location in less populated municipalities seems to have no effect on innovation, regardless of the threshold used to limit the number of inhabitants. Also, weak evidence of the moderating role of the population size on the effect of DUI and STI partnerships on firm innovation is found

Comparative evaluation of bacterial and fungal removal of indoor and industrial polluted air using suspended and packed bed bioreactors

Producción CientíficaThe abatement of indoor volatile organic compounds (VOCs) represents a major challenge due to their environmental risk, wide nature and concentration variability. Biotechnologies represent a cost-effective, robust and sustainable platform for the treatment of hazardous VOCs at low and fluctuating concentrations. However, they have been scarcely implemented for indoor air purification. Thus, little is known about the influence of the reactor configuration or the VOC nature and concentration variability on the removal, resilience and the microbial population of bioreactor configurations susceptible to be implemented, both in indoors and industrial environments. The present study aims at comparing the removal performance of four VOCs with different hydrophobicity and molecular structure -acetone, n-hexane, α-pinene and toluene-at two inlet concentrations (5 and 400 mg m−3), which mimics the concentrations of contaminated indoor and industrial air. To this aim a stirred tank, flat biofilm and latex-based biocoated flat bioreactor were comparatively evaluated. The results demonstrated the superior performance of the stirred tank reactor for the removal of hydrophilic VOCs at high inlet concentrations, which achieved removals >99% for acetone and toluene. At low concentrations, the removal efficiencies of acetone, toluene and α-pinene were >97% regardless of the bioreactor configuration tested. The most hydrophobic gas, n-hexane, was more efficiently removed in the flat biofilm reactor without latex. The microbial community analyses showed that the presence of VOCs as the only carbon and energy source didn't promote the growth of dominant bacterial members and the populations independently evolved in each reactor configuration and operation mode. The fungal population was more diverse in the biofilm-based bioreactors, although, it was mainly dominated by uncultured fungi from the phylum Cryptomycota.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (project RTI2018-0-096441-B-I00)Junta de Castilla y Leon - Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (grants CLU 2017-09, and CL-EI-2021-07

Emotional intelligence abilities and their relationship with risky driving behavior

Risky driving behaviors constitute one of the main causes of fatal road accidents. Previous literature has clearly shown the role that emotions play in explaining risk-taking. In the present study, we proposed that a better recognition, use, and manage of our emotions, i.e., a better emotional intelligence, can be related to a lower tendency to engage in risky behaviors while driving. A Spanish community sample of 555 participants with a driving license were enrolled in the study (Mage = 39.34 years old; 49.19% were women). Participants were assessed on risky driving behavior and self-reported ability EI using the Dula Dangerous Driving Index and the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, respectively. The variables of gender, age, and driving experience were controlled. A multiple regression analysis revealed that higher levels of self-reported EI abilities were related to a lower engagement in risky driving behavior, being the ability to regulate emotions the most relevant. In addition, a simple mediation analyses revealed that a better self-reported EI was associated with fewer number of road accidents through the indirect effect of risky driving behaviors. The findings of the present study suggest the involvement of emotional factors and abilities in the explanation of risk-taking in driving. In this regard, training programs designed to improve emotional abilities could be a useful strategy in road safety; however, further experimental studies are still needed to confirm the causal role of EI on risky driving.This work has been funded by Junta de Andalucía (EMERGIA20_00056) and the Spanish Ministry of Education and Vocational Training (FPU18/00610). Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Does emotional intelligence have the same role in each risk behaviour?

Introduction One of the most important factors that represents a threating both physical and psychological health in our lives is the individual’s risk behaviour. Though emotions exert a strong influence on risk decision-making, the literature studying the role of emotional abilities on the tendency to engage in risk behaviour is scarce. Objective The aim was to explore the relationship between emotional intelligence (Attention, Clarity, and Repair) and risk behaviour in its different domains (Ethical, Health, Financial, Social, and Recreational domains). We also examined whether there were gender differences in both variables. Methods A Spanish community sample of 1435 participants (M age = 29.84, ranging from 18 to 70 years old; 61.9% women) were assessed in levels of EI and risk-taking by the TMMS-24 and DOSPERT-30 scales. Results The result revelated that emotional intelligence was positive related with Social and Recreational domains, and negative related with Ethical and Health domains. Moreover, women showed higher scores for EI and Social risk-taking domain than men, and men showed higher scores for Ethical, Financial, Health, and Recreational risk- taking domains. Conclusions These findings show and support that EI is differentially related to risk behaviour depending on the risk domain studied. We suggest that higher levels of EI could be adaptive for risk behaviour regardless the directionality of the relationship. Considering the impact of health-related risky behaviours on public health and individual well-being, the development of effective risk prevention programs that train emotional abilities could reduce the incidence of these behaviours in our society.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech